Phytomining as an Emerging Metal Recovery Route: A Critical Review of Plant Uptake Mechanisms, Processing Strategies, And Industrial Constraints (2020–2025)
Phytomining has re-emerged as a promising strategy for the sustainable recovery of valuable and critical metals from soils, mine tailings, and industrial residues, while simultaneously contributing to environmental remediation. This critical review synthesizes advances published between 2020 and 2025, focusing on the biological, agronomic, and metallurgical foundations that govern phytomining performance and scalability. Recent progress […]
