Overview of Neuroplasticity in the Application of the Reverse Whole Brain Model in College Students

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Modifications applied when using Whole Brain, from the initial application of the left quadrant to the right, to the change from the right quadrant to the left. The formulation of research questions; What is the modified form of the Whole Brain model?, What are the learning outcomes obtained from the use of the modified Whole Brain model? Can the results obtained from the use of modified Whole Brain models be used as tangible evidence of neuroplasticity?. The researcher used a quantitative descriptive design. This design illustrates how the Reverse Whole Brain Model was used based on the respondents. The researcher uses a questionnaire to collect research data. The questionnaire was developed by the researcher using Slavin’s (1995) Theory of Effectiveness. Researchers also used the Trail Making Test as a data collection instrument. TCR (Respondent Achievement Level/Tingkat Capaian Responden) was used to analyze the questionnaire data. TMT-A was analyzed using parametric tests, and TMT-B was analyzed using nonparametric tests. The Reverse Whole Brain model is considered effective in teaching and learning. The results show that the application of this model in the Listening and Speaking II class is considered an appropriate learning model. It also concluded that the students experience neuroplasticity.

Role of Artificial Intelligence for Modern Organizations Based on Tacit, Explicit, And Reusable Knowledge Resources: A Discussion

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Organizational knowledge management, including human resource management, is the most important mechanism for increasing organizational performance and hence the performance of business. Employees are the most valuable resource, determining a company’s success and growth and enabling its competitiveness in the international market. This article theoretically examines the essential characteristics of organizational knowledge management and the relationship between business performance and human resource management, incorporating artificial intelligence and explicit, tacit, and reusable knowledge. The study demonstrates how organization-wide management of tacit, explicit, and reusable knowledge, including human resource management, can help companies leverage the know-how, skills, competencies, and valuable knowledge of their employees for the company’s development and success. Effective organizational knowledge management is essential for achieving company goals. Organizations should focus on managing explicit and tacit knowledge, as well as ensuring that this knowledge can be reused efficiently. Doing so enhances employee effectiveness by providing access to relevant knowledge and skills, which expands competencies and, in turn, improves overall business performance.

Implementation of Co-Curricular Activities in Fostering Entrepreneurial Motivation Through the Local Wisdom of Glutinous Rice Vinegar Fermentation in Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Tayan Hulu District

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Background: Co-curricular activities in Vocational High Schools (SMK) serve as a strategic vehicle for contextual and meaningful entrepreneurship learning. Glutinous rice vinegar fermentation, as a local wisdom of the Dayak community in Tayan Hulu District, holds significant cultural and economic value as a medium for entrepreneurship education grounded in local potential.

Objectives: This study aims to describe the implementation of co-curricular activities based on glutinous rice vinegar fermentation, to analyze the partial effect of co-curricular implementation (X₁) and local wisdom of fermented vinegar (X₂) on students’ entrepreneurial motivation (Y), and to test their simultaneous effect in three SMKs in Tayan Hulu District, Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan.

Methods: The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive-associative design. A total of 57 Grade XI students were selected using proportional random sampling from a total population of 238 students at SMKN 1 Tayan Hulu, SMKS Kristen Agape Patria Sosok, and SMKS Bina Utama Sosok. Data were collected through questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability, and analyzed using multiple linear regression, partial t-tests, simultaneous F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²).

Findings: Results revealed that all instrument items were valid (rₜₑₐₙₔₑ > rₜₐᵇₗₑ = 0.2162) and reliable (Cronbach’s Alpha: X₁ = 0.688; X₂ = 0.725; Y = 0.704). Data were normally distributed (sig. = 0.200 > 0.05) and free from multicollinearity (VIF = 1.114 < 10). Partially, co-curricular implementation had a significant effect on entrepreneurial motivation (sig. = 0.021 < 0.05; H₁ accepted), whereas local wisdom alone did not have a significant effect (sig. = 0.089 > 0.05; H₂ rejected). Simultaneously, both variables had a positive and significant effect (F = 6.287; sig. = 0.004; H₃ accepted) with Adjusted R² = 0.159.

Conclusion: Co-curricular activities based on the local wisdom of glutinous rice vinegar fermentation are proven effective in fostering students’ entrepreneurial motivation, particularly when implemented in a planned, systematic manner rooted in local cultural values. More sustained program development is needed for the influence of local wisdom to become statistically detectable.

Piodalan Caremony As the Implementation of Dewa Yadnya in the Life of Hindus in Bali

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Provide a clear and concise summary of the study, including: purpose, methods, key findings, and main conclusions. ​Piodalan is one of the sacred ceremonies in Balinese Hinduism that serves as an implementation of Dewa Yadnya, namely a sacred offering dedicated to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa and His manifestations. This study aims to analyze the philosophical meaning of the Piodalan ceremony, describe its implementation in the daily life of Hindus, identify the Hindu literary sources underlying its practice, and examine the challenges and solutions related to its preservation in the modern era. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method using a library research approach. Data were collected through the review of books, scientific articles, Hindu scriptures, and other relevant literature. The findings indicate that Piodalan is not merely a religious ritual but also embodies spiritual, social, cultural, and ecological values reflected in the concept of Tri Hita Karana, which emphasizes harmonious relationships between humans and God (parhyangan), among fellow humans (pawongan), and with the natural environment (palemahan). The implementation of Piodalan involves a series of ceremonial stages supported by various offerings (banten) as symbols of devotion and gratitude. Furthermore, the ceremony is grounded in Hindu teachings contained in Lontar Sundari Gama, Catur Marga, and Sruti and Smrti literature. However, modernization and globalization have posed challenges, including declining spiritual understanding among younger generations, reduced community participation in ngayah activities, and environmental concerns regarding ceremonial materials. Therefore, strengthening religious education, promoting community participation, and implementing environmentally sustainable practices are essential strategies to preserve the meaning and continuity of the Piodalan ceremony in contemporary Hindu society.

A Contrastive Cognitive Semantic Analysis of The Verb “Consider” In English and Vietnamese

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This study explores the polysemous nature of the English verb “consider” and its Vietnamese equivalents through the lens of Cognitive Linguistics, specifically drawing upon conceptual metaphor theory and the image schema framework. While English utilizes “consider” as a versatile “container” verb for various mental processes, Vietnamese requires a more granular lexical system that reflects specific cognitive and physical source domains. By analyzing authentic data from English – Vietnamese corpora and dictionaries, the research identifies several key metaphorical extensions: thinking is seeing (e.g., xem xét), evaluation is weighing (e.g., cân nhắc), and social orientation (e.g., đoái hoài). The findings reveal a significant cognitive divergence: whereas English emphasizes a “Rational-Linear”” model of mental labor, Vietnamese prioritizes an “Embodied-Relational” model. In Vietnamese, the act of “considering” is consistently anchored in physical experience and social harmony, moving from the pragmatic balancing of resources (liệu cơm gắp mắm) to the validation of personal worth through visual recognition (đoái hoài). The study concludes that these linguistic differences are not mere lexical curiosities but are deeply rooted in distinct cultural worldviews. These insights have practical implications for contrastive semantics, translation studies, and second language acquisition (SLA), particularly for Vietnamese learners of English who struggle with the lack of one-to-one equivalence in mental state verbs.

Implementation of the 6E-STEAM Learning Model Based on Nosiala Pale Local Wisdom: Analysis of Learning Outcomes and Student Motivation and Engagement Profiles

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This study aims to analyze learning outcomes and describe the motivation and engagement profiles of students following the implementation of the 6E-STEAM learning model based on the local wisdom of Nosiala Pale in biology instruction. The study employed a quantitative approach in a single control class using a pretest-posttest design for learning outcomes and a posttest to assess students’ motivation and engagement profiles. The study participants consisted of 28 students in the Biology Education Program who were taking the Conservation Biology course. Data were collected using a 30-item multiple-choice test to measure learning outcomes, as well as a questionnaire to measure students’ learning motivation and engagement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a paired-sample t-test, and N-gain analysis. The results showed that the average pre-test score was 67.38, while the average post-test score was 79.16. The results of the paired-sample t-test indicated a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test learning outcomes (t = -10.981; p < 0.001). The average N-gain value of 0.480, or 47.95%, falls into the moderate category. Meanwhile, student learning motivation falls into the very high category with an average score of 4.31, and student engagement falls into the high category with an average score of 3.94. These findings indicate that the implementation of the 6E-STEAM learning model based on Nosiala local wisdom is effective in improving student learning outcomes to a moderate level and is supported by high levels of student learning motivation and engagement.

Mathematical Problem-Solving Cooperative Learning (MPSCL): Enhancing Geometry Problem-Solving Ability among Santri in an Islamic Boarding School

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This study examined the effectiveness of Mathematical Problem-Solving Cooperative Learning (MPSCL) in enhancing the geometry problem-solving ability of santri in an Islamic boarding school, particularly on the topics of circle circumference and circle area. A quantitative approach was employed using a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The participants were 15 ninth-grade santri from MTs Darul Hikmah Mumbulsari, an Islamic junior secondary school, selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments consisted of a geometry problem-solving test, a santri response questionnaire, and observation sheets assessing learning implementation and santri activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, paired-samples t-test, N-gain analysis, and effect size analysis (Cohen’s d). The findings revealed a significant improvement in the geometry problem-solving ability of the santri following the implementation of MPSCL. The paired-samples t-test yielded a significance value of 0.000 (p < .05), indicating a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. The average N-gain scores were 0.466 for circle circumference and 0.552 for circle area, both categorized as moderate. Furthermore, Cohen’s d values of 2.541 and 4.445 indicated strong practical effects. The santri also demonstrated highly positive responses toward the learning process, while the implementation of learning activities and santri participation were categorized as very good. These findings suggest that MPSCL is an effective instructional approach for enhancing geometry problem-solving ability among santri and supporting meaningful mathematics learning in Islamic boarding school settings.

Functional and Radiological Outcomes of Closed Ankle Fractures Managed Non-Operatively Among Adults at Mulago National Referral Hospital Six Months Post-Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Background: Non-operative management is a common approach for treating closed ankle fractures at Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH) due to its potential benefits, including shorter hospital stays and the absence of surgical risks. Evaluating functional and radiological outcomes is essential for determining the success of this treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes of ankle fractures managed non-operatively and to identify the factors associated with these outcomes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed 93 adults with ankle fractures managed non-operatively at six months post-injury at Mulago National Referral Hospital. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score, while radiological outcomes included fracture union and ankle alignment parameters. Data were analyzed using STATA, and modified Poisson regression was applied to identify factors associated with functional and radiological outcomes.

Results: The mean age and standard deviation were 41+/-12 years. More females, n=49(52.7%), had ankle fractures. The commonest fracture type was Weber B n=65(69.9%)> Weber C n=16(17.2%)> Weber A n=12 (12.9%). The mean AOFAS-AH score was 82.9 ± 14.9. Patients had an AOFAS-AH score categorized as good (54.8%)>excellent (23.7%)>fair (16.1%)>poor (5.4%). Eight-six (92.5%) had radiological union, and 7(7.5%) had nonunion. 97.7% of the patients had a normal MCS, 80.2% normal TFO, 50% normal TCA, and 13.9% normal TFCS. Significant predictors of poor functional outcomes included being HIV-positive, Weber B fractures, and Weber C fractures. Predictors of good functional outcomes included receiving physiotherapy and initiating weight bearing at 4-6 weeks or after 6 weeks

Conclusion: The majority of participants achieved radiological union, though all united fractures resulted in malunion. Worse functional outcomes were associated with Weber classifications B and C, as well as HIV-positive status.

The Effects of Mind Mapping on English Paragraph Writing among Vietnamese High School Students

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Writing English paragraphs remains a challenge for many EFL high school students, particularly in organizing ideas, developing relevant content, and producing coherent written texts. Mind mapping has been suggested as a useful pre-writing technique because it helps learners generate ideas visually and arrange them before drafting. This study investigated the effectiveness of mind mapping on Grade 10 students’ English paragraph writing at a high school in Hai Phong, Vietnam. A quasi-experimental research design was employed with 77 Grade 10 students from two intact classes. The experimental group consisted of 37 students who were taught paragraph writing through mind mapping, while the control group included 40 students who received conventional writing instruction. Data were collected through a pre-test, progress test, post-test, and a questionnaire. The writing tests were assessed according to five criteria: content, grammar, mechanics, organization, and vocabulary. The findings showed that the experimental group improved more clearly than the control group, especially in organization, content, mechanics, and total writing scores. Questionnaire results also revealed that students generally perceived mind mapping as simple, visually interesting, and useful for generating and organizing ideas. However, some students reported challenges related to time management, selecting relevant ideas, and converting keywords into complete sentences. The study suggests that mind mapping can be an effective pre-writing technique for improving English paragraph writing when implemented with appropriate teacher guidance.​

Economic Aspects of the Essence of Sustainable Marketing

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Sustainable marketing is a strategic approach that combines the economic objectives of businesses with responsibility towards society and the environment. It promotes long-term value creation through ethical business practices, efficient resource management, and the development of trust between companies and consumers. In the context of the modern economy, sustainable marketing has become an essential factor for competitiveness, innovation, and sustainable development. By integrating ecological and social considerations into marketing strategies, organizations can improve their public image, strengthen customer loyalty, and contribute positively to society and the environment.