The Role of Women in the Ngembaru Padi Tradition as Local Wisdom in The Dayak Lawangk Community in Sungai Laur District, Ketapang Regency

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Background: Indigenous women play a crucial yet frequently underrecognised role in the preservation and intergenerational transmission of cultural values within traditional communities.

Objective: This study examined the role of women in the Ngembaru Padi tradition among the Dayak Lawangk community in Sinar Kuri Village, Sungai Laur District, Ketapang Regency.

Methods: A qualitative method with an ethnographic design was employed. Employing a feminist ethnographic design, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and were analysed using the interactive model.  Data validity was ensured through source and methodological triangulation.

Findings: The findings reveal three principal dimensions of women’s roles. First, women serve as active guardians of the tradition, bearing primary responsibility for the preparation of ceremonial food and ritual materials and coordinating communal activities across all stages of the ceremony. Second, women function as agents of local wisdom preservation, sustaining and transmitting the social, spiritual, and moral values — including mutual cooperation (gotong royong), communal solidarity, honesty, and integrity — that constitute the ethical foundation of Dayak Lawangk community life. Third, and most distinctively, women act as deliberate pedagogical actors who consciously transform the ritual space of the tradition into a medium of character education, most notably through moral dialogues with children during the rice seed selection process.

Conclusion: The study contributes to feminist ethnographic scholarship on indigenous women in Indonesia and to the broader literature on ethnopedagogy and character education, with practical implications for heritage preservation policy and locally grounded educational practice.

Comparative Analysis of Diagnosis and Behaviour by Gender (Men and Women) in People with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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People with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) constitute a specific group, characterized by neurobiological developmental alterations in systemic development at the level of psycho- cerebral information processing, which affects men at a higher prevalence of 3–4 men for every woman, although little research has been conducted into the causes of this difference. This study aims to analyze, where applicable, whether there are possible differences in the gender variable (men and women) in relation to the etiological basis and subsequent behavior or profile. To this end, a total of 116 participants with ASD took part, comprising 87 men and 29 women, who agreed to answer the questions posed in a questionnaire-interview. As can be seen from the results, it can be concluded that, in relation to the determining statistic of the KMO and Bartlett’s Test factor analysis, the group of men presents a greater explanatory load with regard to the genetic burden associated with the 15q11-q13 chromosomal region (sig: .02); whilst the ‘diseaseway’ variable shows a greater explanatory load in the women’s group in the coefficients of the linear regression analysis, with a significance level of 0.02 in the determinant statistics.

However, in no case can significant general differences in the diagnostic process be corroborated between the codes; yet, the coping component in relation to the genetic burden and/or early-onset diseases is clearly differential in the codes of the “gender” variable, which may lead to confusion with current analyses of the diagnostic process.

Surface and Underlying Valence of the Verb “Spread” in English–Indonesian Translation: Evidence from the OPUS Parallel Corpus

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Background: This study adopts a corpus-based approach to examine translation empirically through parallel corpora. Focusing on the verb “spread” in English–Indonesian data from the OPUS parallel corpus, it identifies empirical equivalents based on frequency and analyzes shifts in valence across languages.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the surface valence and underlying valence of the verb “spread” in an English–Indonesian parallel corpus. It further seeks to identify its empirical equivalents in the target language by analyzing shifts in syntactic structure and argument realization.

Methods: This study employs a corpus-based approach based on Catford’s concept of empirical equivalence, focusing on actual translation usage rather than dictionary-based meanings. The data are drawn from the OPUS English–Indonesian bidirectional parallel corpus (Cooper, 2016), with a focus on medical discourse. A total of 86 instances of the verb “spread” are analyzed to identify recurring translation patterns. These patterns are used to determine empirical equivalents and to examine shifts in surface valence and underlying valence.

Results: The analysis of 86 instances shows that the verb “spread” is predominantly translated as menyebar (Category A), accounting for 80.23% of the data. Other realizations include penyebaran (C) at 10.47%, zero correspondence (0) at 5.81%, menularkan (D) at 2.33%, and memengaruhi (B) at 1.16%. These findings indicate that menyebar functions as the primary empirical equivalent, while the remaining categories reflect less frequent alternatives and instances of structural shift, including nominalization and omission.

Conclusion: This study shows that menyebar emerges as the primary translation of spread in the target language, reflecting its close alignment with the dominant dispersal sense. The findings also indicate that spread, in both the source and target languages, exhibits semantic ambivalence, as its interpretation varies across different contexts and valence realizations.

The Current Situation of Sino-Vietnamese Vocabulary Usage Ability among Thai Nguyen High School Students in Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam

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Our study presents the results of a survey on the current situation of Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary usage among 150 students at Thai Nguyen High School. Using a mixed survey method (quantitative and qualitative), the study assessed three core competencies, including identifying, interpreting, and using Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary. The research results show that students’ abilities are currently at a fairly good level, with clear differentiation between grade levels. The study also points out systemic limitations in understanding the deep meaning and applying words in context, thereby proposing directions for innovative teaching methods to improve the effectiveness of learning and using this vocabulary class.

Implementation of Village Fund Management Based on the Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) Model in the Construction of Rainwater Harvesting Tanks as Economic Empowerment and Social Development

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This article examines the management of Village Funds in Beringin Village, Sajad District, Sambas Regency, based on qualitative evaluative research. The study employed a data triangulation approach through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results indicate that Village Fund management in Beringin Village overall runs well, as evidenced by an average questionnaire score of 4.68 (Good category). The planning process is carried out participatively through Musrenbangdes; financial management is conducted in an orderly manner through the Siskeudes application; and transparency is realized through the publication of Village Fund information on village information boards. Document completeness, reaching 11 out of 12 required document types, further reinforces these findings. Nevertheless, one document remains unavailable the goods and services procurement agreement/contract which requires attention going forward.

Marketing Communication and Use Intention in Cultural Facilities: Evidence from Jakarta Arts Building

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This study examines the effect of marketing communication on use intention in cultural facilities, focusing on the Jakarta Arts Building as a case study. The research is based on the assumption that marketing communication in cultural facilities functions not only to disseminate information but also to build positive perceptions, strengthen institutional appeal, and encourage audience engagement. A quantitative approach with an explanatory survey design was employed. Data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 119 respondents who had previously used or rented the Jakarta Arts Building, and were analyzed using simple linear regression. The results show that marketing communication has a positive and significant effect on use intention, with a significance value of 0.000 and a regression coefficient of 0.349. The R Square value of 0.489 indicates that 48.9% of the variation in use intention can be explained by marketing communication, while the remaining 51.1% is influenced by other factors outside the model. These findings confirm that marketing communication is a strategic factor in increasing the intention to use cultural facilities, particularly through clear promotional information, attractive messages, intensive digital communication, social media use, and the development of a positive institutional image.

The Role of the Kutai Kartanegara Regency Regional Inspectorate in Improving Accountability in Village Fund Management

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The goal of this study is to examine the role of the Inspectorate in enhancing the accountability of village fund management in Kutai Kartanegara Regency through the aspects of duties/functions, attitudes, perceptions, and participation. It also examines internal and external factors that become barriers to the Inspectorate’s ability to effectively supervise and provide guidance on village fund management. This research was carried out in Indonesia’s East Kalimantan Province’s Kutai Kartanegara Regency. A qualitative research design was employed in this study. Both primary and secondary data were gathered. A questionnaire was used to gather primary data from key informants. The study’s conclusions include that the Inspectorate has performed its responsibilities and tasks well. The inspectorate has effectively performed its participation duty, behaves well and professionally, and faces both internal and external challenges. The inspectorate’s role in overseeing village funds in the perception aspect exhibits a variation in assessments. Internal challenges include low-quality and scarce human resources (HR), inadequate accountability reports, and the newly formed village apparatus has low administrative and financial reporting skills. On the other hand, frequent regulatory changes, improper use of village funds, and inadequate internal and external monitoring systems are the external challenges. ​The following suggestions are available for submission: 1) For the government, via the Kutai Kertanegara Regency Regional Inspectorate, to expand the number of auditors and enhance their proficiency through risk-based audits and investigative audit training; 2) to create a digital monitoring system (e-audit or monitoring dashboard) to reduce potential inconsistencies and enable real-time tracking of village fund realisation; 3) to increase the proficiency of village apparatus by providing frequent training on the following topics: creating accountability reports (LPJ), managing village finances in accordance with regulations, and using village financial software; and 4) to provide new village authorities with rigorous mentoring.

Enhancing the Surrounding Environment Exploration Competency for Primary School Students Through the 5E Instructional Model: An Experimental Study in Vietnam

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This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of the 5E instructional model (Engage – Explore – Explain – Elaborate – Evaluate) in developing the surrounding environment exploration competency for primary school students. Through a mixed-methods research approach, we conducted a pedagogical experiment on 113 third-grade students in Da Nang city with the theme “School”. The initial survey indicated a significant gap: while teachers are still accustomed to one-way transmission teaching methods, students have a desire to interact and freely experience in their learning.

After the experimental process, the group of students learning under the 5E model not only achieved higher average scores, but the percentage of students reaching a “Good” competency level was also significantly higher compared to the group learning under traditional methods. Notably, the analysis of 12 specific cases (case study) helped us recognize an uneven development among the skills. The students progressed very quickly in their ability to observe and collect information, but required more time along with continuous support from the teacher to practice asking questions and critical thinking. From these results, the study affirms that the 5E model is a practical solution to overcome the limitations of the old teaching approach, helping students change their passive learning habits to confidently explore knowledge, while simultaneously providing a practical foundation to replicate this instructional method.

Enhancing EFL Academic Writing through E-Portfolios: An Assessment for Learning Approach in Higher Education

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This study examines the use of e-portfolios as an assessment for learning approach to improve academic writing in English as a foreign language and explores students’ perceptions of this method. The study involved 30 first-year university students in Vietnam. A mixed-methods design was used, including a writing pretest and posttest assessed across task achievement, organization, vocabulary, and grammar, along with interviews. The results showed clear improvement in overall writing performance, especially in task achievement and grammar, with moderate gains in organization and vocabulary. Students reported that e-portfolios helped them reflect on their work, track progress, and take more responsibility for learning. Despite some initial challenges with reflection and peer feedback, students viewed the approach positively. Overall, e-portfolios are an effective tool to support writing development through continuous practice and feedback.

Dual-Pathway Transformational Leadership and Civil Servant Performance: The Mediating Role of Work Motivation

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This study is grounded in Transformational Leadership Theory and Social Exchange Theory, which explain that leadership behaviors influence employee performance through reciprocal relationships and motivational mechanisms. The research aims to examine the effect of transformational leadership on civil servant performance, both directly and indirectly through work motivation, within the Department of Public Works and Spatial Planning and the Department of Housing, Settlement Areas and Land Affairs of Dharmasraya Regency. A quantitative explanatory design with a cross sectional approach was employed. The population consisted of 56 civil servants, and a census technique was applied to include all respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaires measured on a five point Likert scale and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a positive and significant direct effect on civil servant performance and a positive and significant effect on work motivation. Work motivation also significantly influences performance and mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and performance through complementary mediation. The coefficient of determination shows moderate explanatory power, while predictive relevance values confirm adequate model prediction. Furthermore, transformational leadership is validated as a second order construct formed by inspiration, admiration, and empowerment, with inspiration demonstrating the strongest contribution. The novelty of this study lies in modeling transformational leadership as a higher order construct and explaining its dual pathway mechanism in improving performance within regional public sector institutions.