The Use of the Podomoro Technique in Improving the Results of Listening and Speaking Class Evaluation

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The suitability of using teaching tools or materials in teaching is essential to achieve what students want and the learning objectives. Not only are the right and appropriate teaching tools or materials needed, but teaching and learning methods that are appropriate to what students need are also needed. Students can use the Podomoro technique to focus more on studying the materials. Not only that, but efficiency in the use of time can also help students to be more focused on studying what is being studied. This research is quantitative. The design is a one-group pretest-posttest. The Pretest and Posttest scores were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which was implemented using a statistical application called SPSS. There are different results from the three different classes for the Listening and Speaking classes, which show that the Podomoro technique helps learning outcomes. Statistically significant improvement was observed in two classes (p = 0.005 and p = 0.016), but not in the third (p = 0.388).

Mediating Effects of Job security on the Relationship between Trust in Management and Organizational Commitment in Downsizing Organizations

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Organizations have underestimated the adverse effects of downsizing and often overlook the challenges of motivating a remaining workforce that is emotionally affected by witnessing others lose their jobs. Yet, motivating these survivors to achieve higher productivity is vital for the company’s success and the job security of employees. It should be noted that, next to the death of a relative or friend, losing a job is one of the most traumatic experiences, as it disrupts careers and families. This research paper aims to study the mediating effect of job security on the relationship between trust in management and organizational commitment of employees. The present research findings suggest that if organizational downsizing is carried out in such a manner that employees perceive positive changes in their daily work experiences in the form of increased organizational support that enhances their trust for management and inculcates perceptions of the accuracy of the performance appraisal system, their affective and continuance commitment to the organization can be maintained or even increased. The study has significance for maintaining member loyalty by organizations which are resorting to downsizing through voluntary retirement schemes as in the Indian context.  Research strongly suggests that survivors in the organization also suffer adverse effects after downsizing has occurred.

Comparative Study of the Existing and Post Intervention of the Mr. Dwiyanto’s House in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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This study presents a quantitative comparative analysis of environmental performance before and after an architectural intervention on a vernacular dwelling in the Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. Conducted as a longitudinal field investigation, the research employed a baseline-endline methodology with data collection in June 2025 (pre-intervention) and October 2025 (post-intervention). Key metrics included surface temperatures of building components (ceiling, walls, floor) and comprehensive indoor air quality (IAQ) parameters, notably particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) concentrations, measured against national ambient air quality standards (NAB). The results demonstrate a pronounced dual outcome. The intervention achieved its primary objective of drastically improving IAQ, with PM10 and PM2.5 levels reduced by over 90%, transitioning from exceeding to far below the NAB thresholds. However, this significant improvement coincided with a critical trade-off. A severe reduction in indoor air velocity (78%) altered the thermal environment, leading to mixed results: while floor temperatures decreased consistently, other components showed varied responses, and the heat stress index (WBGTi) slightly increased despite a lower dry-bulb temperature. The study concludes that while passive architectural strategies can effectively protect against outdoor particulate pollution, they can inadvertently compromise natural cooling ventilation. These findings highlight the essential ventilation-filtration dilemma in tropical climates and underscore the necessity for integrated, balanced design approaches in sustainable housing retrofits to simultaneously ensure occupant health and thermal comfort.

The Influence of Broadcast Quality and Program Packaging of Going Seventeen on YouTube on Viewing Satisfaction

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Amid the dominance of digital media, the variety show Going Seventeen by the K-pop group Seventeen on YouTube has attracted considerable attention for its creativity and diverse content. This study aims to examine the influence of broadcast quality and program packaging on viewing satisfaction. Employing a quantitative explanatory approach, the research involved 400 respondents selected through simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using path analysis. The findings indicate that both broadcast quality and program packaging have a significant effect on viewing satisfaction; however, their combined influence is relatively modest. Moreover, program packaging exerts a slightly greater influence on viewing satisfaction than broadcast quality. Thus, although both variables jointly affect viewing satisfaction, program packaging is perceived as more influential than broadcast quality. Additionally, viewers particularly enjoy the comedic elements enhanced by the use of subtitles, which fulfil or even exceed their expectations. Nevertheless, certain aspects of editing remain areas for potential improvement.

Analysis Students’ Critical Thinking Ability in Solving Ratio Problems

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Critical thinking is one of the skills needed in the 21st century. Critical thinking skills are very important for students to have because with critical thinking skills, students can solve various problems. This study aims to describe students’ critical thinking skills in solving problems related to ratios. This study is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used in this study were tests and questionnaires. This study involved 30 students in class VII-E at SMPN 1 Panti Jember. Data analysis techniques were carried out by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The data validity technique used triangulation methods. The test used in this study consisted of three questions. The results showed that the critical thinking skills of students were predominantly in the medium and low category.  Many students in class VIIE have high, medium, and low critical thinking skills, with 10, 12, and 8 students, respectively. Students with high critical thinking skills meet the criteria of focus, reason (R1 and R3), inference, clarity, situation, and overview. However, they still fall short on the criterion of reason (R2). Students with moderate critical thinking skills meet the criteria of focus, reason, situation, and clarity, but fall short on the criteria of reason (R2), clarity, inference, and overview. Students with low critical thinking skills meet criteria of focus, but still fall short on the criteria of reason, inference, situation, clarity, overview and therefore need improvement in all areas. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that learning methods, approaches, or models that can accustom students to critical thinking be implemented, or that learning tools that can improve critical thinking skills be applied.

Culture as an Expression of The Practice of Hindu Religion

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Hindu culture in Indonesia, particularly in Bali, reflects a deep interconnection between religious teachings and cultural expression rooted in the Vedic scriptures. This study explores how Hindu religious values, such as dharma, śraddhā, bhakti, critical thinking, diligence, and honesty, shape and animate various forms of cultural practices, including ritual arts, literary traditions, music, dance, architecture, and communal activities. Using a descriptive-analytical qualitative method grounded in literature review, this research examines primary Hindu texts, such as the Vedas, Upanishads, Sarasamuscaya, and Bhagavad Gita, alongside academic works by Koentjaraningrat, Titib, and other scholars to uncover the philosophical foundations underlying Hindu cultural development. The results indicate that culture in Hinduism is not merely aesthetic but constitutes a living manifestation of sacred values that guide individuals and communities toward harmony, wisdom, and spiritual awareness. Cultural practices such as ngayah, yadnya, melasti, and sacred dances like Rejang Dewa exemplify how rituals function as vehicles for internalizing religious teachings and reinforcing communal cohesion. The study also highlights the moral responsibilities of Hindus in cultivating critical thinking (viveka), hard work (karma yoga), and fairness (satya), which are regarded as essential virtues for sustaining ethical behavior and spiritual growth. These values demonstrate that Hinduism encourages reflective reasoning, disciplined action, and truthful conduct as integral components of living dharma. Furthermore, the findings affirm that Hindu culture operates as a dynamic bridge between the seen (sekala) and unseen (niskala) realms, embodying cosmological principles and reinforcing the unity of Brahman in all existence. By integrating Vedic wisdom into artistic and social practices, Hindu communities in Bali maintain cultural continuity while adapting to contemporary challenges. Overall, this study underscores the vital role of culture as a transformative medium for transmitting ethical, philosophical, and spiritual principles, thereby contributing to the preservation and revitalization of Hindu identity in modern society

Perception and Comparison of Modern Management Theories

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Management has taken place in human actions since ancient times. Over time, scientists and researchers developed ways and approaches to get the best advantages of managing organizations and employees. Many theories appeared in this field to improve management techniques, such as classical, neoclassical, and modern theories. However, this paper aims to focus on and explore modern theories’ features (Quantitative, System, and Contingency theories). As well as studying the development of the theories and comparing them.

The study is a literature review and has a descriptive nature, and the researcher relied on secondary data, using Google Scholar as the main database, to provide a deep insight into the perception of management modern theories.

the results of comparing the theories indicated that the quantitative theory depends on mathematical procedures to analyze and make decisions, which means it is a numerically based approach. This theory applies logical or reasoning practices. The system approach depends on dividing the system into sub-parts, and all parts are related to and follow a super system. The system theory is a goal-oriented approach, so all sub-parts move toward one goal. The contingency theory depends on making decisions according to the situation. As it considers the internal environment of the organization as well as the external environment so the organization’s response is related to the changes in the environment.

the study concludes that none of the theories can be used alone. The theories have to be integrated to achieve the ultimate benefits for the organizations because using modern management theories separately could cause failure. Quantitative, System, and Contingency theories have some limitations if used separately, but together could achieve the organization’s goals and objectives perfectly.

The Art of Using Allusions in Du Fu’s and Nguyen Binh Khiem’s Poetry

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Besides influencing content, Du Fu’s poetry also greatly influenced Nguyen Binh Khiem’s ​​poetry in terms of artistic merit. This is evident in the art of using allusions in the poems of both authors. Comparing the art of using allusions in the works of the two authors reveals similarities in how they reflect social reality, particularly the contrast between the impoverished lives of the people and the luxurious lives of the official class, thereby expressing a profound sense of humanism and critical awareness. Furthermore, the use of allusions demonstrates erudition and conciseness in poetic language. While Du Fu leaned towards historical allusions to express his concern for the times, Nguyen Binh Khiem adopted and creatively adapted them to express a philosophy of leisurely living, affirming his own unique artistic style.

Azerbaijani Identity in the Literary Thought of the Republic

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The article examines the concept of Azerbaijaniism (Turkism, Islamism, Modernism) in the literature of the Republic period. It is demonstrated that the establishment of the state left a noticeable impact on artistic thought, leading to the rise of a national spirit. During this period, literary imagination encountered a new direction. As a result, the ideas of Azerbaijaniism that had emerged in the literary and socio-political thought of the early twentieth century paved the way for the establishment of the Republic. After the newly founded state was officially named “Azerbaijan,” the literary imagination increasingly celebrated the nation and its just cause. M. Hadi’s creative work during the Republic era represents a new stage, as the poet glorified the independence and sovereignty achieved by Azerbaijan. In A. Shaig’s works as well, Turkism, Turanism, national identity, and Azerbaijaniism acquired a renewed direction. In the literary output of poets such as Davud, Zulfugar Bey, and Ali Kami, the national symbols and attributes of the Azerbaijani state were praised. All these factors indicate that, during the Republic period, Azerbaijaniism became focused on the Republic itself, reflecting the determination of the people and the nation to protect their homeland, freedom, and independence.