Mapping Agricultural, Forestry, And Fisheries Products In Indonesia: The Input-Output Approach

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Economic growth is a goal of economic development. To achieve strong growth, sound planning is essential. Accordingly, product mapping is crucial. Production activities in the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sectors are part of the economy that produces both food and non-food products needed by humans. Input-output (I-O) analysis is used as a tool for mapping sectors and products. The data used are the 17×17 I-O table for 2020 and the 185×185 I-O table for 2020. The analysis results indicate that the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sector is not a key sector but rather a sector with weak attractiveness and strong driving power. The sector lacks superior products, possessing only nine products with a strong sensitivity index (SEI).

The Effectiveness of Gamification Tools (Quizlet and Wayground) in Teaching English Vocabulary to Young Learners: Evidence from a Vietnamese English Education Center

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This article examined the effectiveness of two gamification tools, Quizlet and Wayground, in teaching English vocabulary to young learners at an English education center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Employing an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, the article addressed three research questions concerning the benefits of Quizlet and Wayground, their capacity to engage students’ motivation and interest and their effect on young learners’ memory of vocabulary meaning. Thirty students aged 10 to 11, enrolled in a Cambridge Flyers preparation course, were divided into an experimental group taught using Quizlet and Wayground and a control group taught using traditional methods over a six-week period. Data were collected through a vocabulary pre-test and post-test, twelve periods of classroom observation and semi-structured interviews with five English teachers. Quantitative data were analyzed using independent-samples and paired-samples t-tests, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The results indicated that teachers perceived Quizlet and Wayground as beneficial for presenting, practicing and reviewing vocabulary through varied game modes. Both interview and observation data showed that the tools substantially increased students’ motivation and interest in the classroom. Furthermore, although the two groups did not differ significantly on the pre-test (p = .653), the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group on the post-test (p = .035), and only the experimental group showed a statistically significant pre-to-post-test improvement (p < .001) with mean scores rising from 6.940 to 7.920. These findings suggest that gamification tools such as Quizlet and Wayground can meaningfully enhance vocabulary retention and classroom engagement among young EFL learners, offering practical implications for vocabulary instruction in similar educational contexts.

The Relationship between Teacher Support and First-Year EFL Students’ Attitudes toward Autonomous Learning: Evidence from a Vietnamese University

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Learner autonomy is widely regarded as a central goal of foreign language education, yet first-year students in Vietnamese higher education frequently enter university with strong habits of teacher dependency formed during exam-oriented secondary schooling. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, this article examined the relationship between perceived teacher support and attitudes toward autonomous learning among first-year English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City (IUH). Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, quantitative data were collected from 202 first-year students through a questionnaire measuring three dimensions of attitude (cognitive, affective, behavioral) and three dimensions of teacher support (autonomy support, structure, involvement), followed by semi-structured interviews with 10 participants. Results indicated that students held moderately positive attitudes toward autonomous learning and perceived moderate levels of teacher support, with a strong, statistically significant positive correlation between the two constructs (r = .766, p < .001). Teacher support correlated most strongly with behavioral attitudes (r = .598), followed by affective (r = .565) and cognitive attitudes (r = .546). Qualitative findings converged with the quantitative results, showing that students associated supportive teaching with guided self-discovery rather than direct answers, while consistently identifying the need for more explicit instruction in learning strategies. The findings suggest that teacher support and learner autonomy are complementary rather than opposing forces, and that first-year EFL programs would benefit from embedding explicit strategy instruction within teacher-supportive pedagogy. Implications for EFL pedagogy, teacher training, and future research in non-English-major contexts are discussed.

Students’ Perceptions of Note-taking as a Listening Comprehension Strategy: A Mixed-methods Study of Vietnamese EFL Majors

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Note-taking is widely regarded as a critical strategy for supporting second-language listening comprehension, yet little is known about how Vietnamese English-major students themselves perceive its value and difficulty. This article investigated the perceptions of 150 third-year English majors at the Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City (IUH) regarding the benefits and challenges of note-taking during English listening tasks. A mixed-methods design that combined a structured questionnaire with semi-structured interviews with 5 students was used thoroughly. Descriptive statistics showed that note-taking is a near-universal habit (83% of students reported taking notes “always” or “often”), predominantly practised with pen and paper (62%) rather than digital devices. Students overwhelmingly perceived note-taking as beneficial for comprehension, memory retention, information organisation, inferencing, test performance and sustained attention with agreement rates ranging from 84% to 93% across the measured benefits. At the same time, a substantial minority reported difficulties related to fast speech rate, unfamiliar vocabulary, divided attention and messy handwriting, particularly regarding missing subsequent information (29% agreement) and message overload at high speech rates (31% agreement). Interview data illuminated the cognitive and strategic mechanisms behind these patterns including code-switching, selective attention to discourse markers and compensatory strategies such as momentarily abandoning notes to preserve comprehension. The findings are interpreted through established learning theories, and practical implications for explicit note-taking instruction in EFL listening classrooms are discussed.

Environmental and Public Health Impact Assessment if Solid Waste Management Practices in Ovia North East, Edo State, Nigeria

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Improper solid waste management has become a growing environmental and public health concern in many developing communities due to population growth, urban expansion, and inadequate waste management systems. This study assessed the environmental and health impacts associated with solid waste management practices in Okada, Usen and Iguomon communities in Edo State. The research was conducted to examine the environmental conditions and public health effects linked to prevailing waste management practices and identify differences among the selected communities. Primary data were collected through the administration of questionnaires distributed randomly among households, schools, stores, etc. This study utilised Section C of the questionnaire, which focused on environmental and health impacts of solid waste management practices. The data collected were processed using descriptive statistical techniques. Results indicated that ineffective waste management practices had substantial adverse effects on environmental conditions within the communities. The environmental impacts identified included bad odour, air pollution, water pollution, flooding, soil contamination, and an increase in pests. Okada recorded higher environmental pressures due to greater waste generation and population concentration, while Usen and Iguomon experienced moderate environmental impacts. Health challenges associated with poor waste management included malaria, diarrhoea, cholera, and skin infections. Most respondents indicated that open dumping negatively affected environmental aesthetics. The study concluded that existing solid waste management practices within the study area pose considerable environmental and public health risks. It is recommended that improved waste management infrastructure, regular environmental monitoring, public awareness programmes, and strengthened sanitation policies be implemented to promote environmental sustainability and healthier communities.

Anthropology Beyond the Walls of the Discipline: A Critical Reading of “Why the World Needs Anthropologists”

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This paper offers a critical review of the second edition of Why the World Needs Anthropologists, edited by Dan Podjed and Carla Guerrón Montero (Routledge, 2026), a thirteen-chapter collective volume that revisits, in new terms, the long-standing question of anthropology’s relevance to the contemporary world. The review argues that the book’s central contribution lies in repositioning anthropology from a detached observer of social life into an interventionist form of knowledge capable of understanding, mediating, and translating between disparate institutional and epistemic worlds. Drawing on chapters devoted to environmental anthropology, energy transitions, professional collaboration, and career preparation, the review traces how the volume grounds its theoretical claims in concrete applied experience. It also raises three critical points: the book’s tendency to soften the political tensions inherent in applied engagement, its persistent grounding in North Atlantic institutional contexts, and the latent risk of disciplinary self-centeredness embedded in its very title. The review concludes that, despite these limitations, the volume stands as one of the most successful recent collective attempts to reintroduce anthropology as a living form of knowledge, capable of combining theoretical depth with sustained practical relevance across a wide range of institutional and professional settings.

Case-Based Learning-Oriented Textbook: An Effort to Train Students’ Chemistry Problem Solving Skills

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Higher education plays a strategic role in developing the intellectual life of the nation and is part of the national education system. Chemistry learning should not only focus on mastering concepts but also on students’ ability to apply these concepts in real-world contexts through problem-solving skills to meet the challenges of the 21st century. This research aims to develop a case-based learning-oriented textbook that can train prospective teacher students’ chemistry problem-solving skills. This research method used Research and Development (R&D) as proposed by Borg and Gall, limited to the development stage. Data collection used non-test techniques, seeking validation from three subject matter and pedagogical experts. Quantitative descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. The validity test results showed that the case-based learning-oriented textbook was valid, with an Aiken validity index of 0.87 (high validity). Furthermore, the textbook can be used as a means to facilitate student learning activities in case-based learning to train prospective teacher students’ chemistry problem-solving skills, so that the function of this textbook can be maximized.

A Deep Feature Reliability-Based Framework for Offline Handwritten Signature Verification

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Offline handwritten signature verification is widely employed as a biometric authentication technique in financial, legal, and administrative applications. However, accurately distinguishing genuine signatures from skilled forgeries remains a challenging task because of natural intra-writer variations and the inconsistent discriminative capability of deep feature representations. This paper presents a Deep Feature Reliability-Based Framework for Offline Handwritten Signature Verification that enhances verification performance by identifying and utilizing stable writer-specific deep features. Initially, signature images are preprocessed and represented using 2048-dimensional deep features extracted from a pre-trained ResNet50 network. A feature reliability estimation scheme is then introduced to evaluate the statistical consistency of individual feature dimensions across genuine signatures of each writer. Based on the estimated reliability scores, the most reliable features are selected and incorporated into a weighted cosine similarity measure for signature verification. The proposed framework is evaluated on the CEDAR offline handwritten signature dataset using three training–testing splits of 25–75, 50–50, and 75–25. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves its best performance with the 75–25 split, obtaining an accuracy of 77.61%, precision of 83.77%, recall of 68.48%, and an F1-score of 75.33%. The findings indicate that incorporating feature reliability into the verification process improves the robustness of deep feature representations and provides an effective framework for offline handwritten signature verification.

Linking Empirical Nickel Laterite Leaching Responses to Preliminary Economic Performance: Trade-Offs among Ni-Co Extraction, Acid Dosage, Fe Dissolution, and Residence Time

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This revised manuscript develops a transparent metallurgical-economic screening framework for atmospheric sulfuric acid leaching of a ferruginous nickel laterite ore. The objective is not to prove a universal kinetic mechanism or a final project-level feasibility estimate, but to evaluate how experimentally observed extraction responses translate into preliminary economic ranking under clearly stated assumptions. Duplicate leaching tests were performed at 95-100 °C using sulfuric acid dosages of 700-1000 kg H2SO4/t ore and residence times of 30-420 min. The tables report average values used for mass-balance and screening calculations; individual duplicate results are not shown in the main text, and formal significance claims are therefore avoided. Nickel and iron responses were modeled empirically as functions of acid dosage and residence time, while cobalt was included as a revenue component in selected base-case scenarios. The results show that the highest observed Ni extraction, 74.1% at 360 min and 1000 kg H2SO4/t ore, also produced the highest Fe dissolution, 65.8%, and a low Ni/Fe selectivity indicator. Under the base-case economic assumptions, the most attractive evaluated scenario was 420 min and 700 kg H2SO4/t ore, because the lower acid-addition cost and Fe penalty offset the lower Ni and Co extraction. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that this ranking is assumption-dependent and should be interpreted as a feasibility-screening result rather than a global economic optimum. Non-monotonic extraction behavior between 360 and 420 min is discussed cautiously as a possible combination of experimental dispersion, sampling effects, and secondary Ni retention associated with Fe(III) hydrolysis and sulfate-bearing phases. The revised framework provides a practical route for converting duplicated laboratory leaching tests into auditable, assumption-sensitive screening inputs for early-stage nickel laterite project evaluation.

Awareness on Intellectual Property Rights Among College Students, A Study with Special Reference to Kozhikode District

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Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) play a crucial role in protecting innovation, creativity, and intellectual assets. The present study examines the awareness of Intellectual Property Rights among college students. The objectives of the study are to assess the level of IPR awareness among college students and to examine differences in awareness based on gender and course of study. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study. Primary data were collected from 50 college students through a structured questionnaire using the purposive sampling method, while secondary data were gathered from books, journals, research articles, government reports, and WIPO publications. Responses were measured using a five-point scale. Descriptive statistics, One-Sample t-test, Independent Samples t-test, and One-Way ANOVA were employed for data analysis.

The results revealed that college students possess a significant level of awareness regarding Intellectual Property Rights. The Independent Samples t-test indicated no significant differences in IPR awareness between male and female students. However, the One-Way ANOVA revealed significant differences among students from different course categories in selected dimensions of IPR awareness. The study concludes that while the overall awareness of IPR among college students is satisfactory, variations exist across certain course categories. The findings emphasize the need for strengthening IPR education and awareness programmes in higher educational institutions.