Environmental and Public Health Impact Assessment if Solid Waste Management Practices in Ovia North East, Edo State, Nigeria

Improper solid waste management has become a growing environmental and public health concern in many developing communities due to population growth, urban expansion, and inadequate waste management systems. This study assessed the environmental and health impacts associated with solid waste management practices in Okada, Usen and Iguomon communities in Edo State. The research was conducted to examine the environmental conditions and public health effects linked to prevailing waste management practices and identify differences among the selected communities. Primary data were collected through the administration of questionnaires distributed randomly among households, schools, stores, etc. This study utilised Section C of the questionnaire, which focused on environmental and health impacts of solid waste management practices. The data collected were processed using descriptive statistical techniques. Results indicated that ineffective waste management practices had substantial adverse effects on environmental conditions within the communities. The environmental impacts identified included bad odour, air pollution, water pollution, flooding, soil contamination, and an increase in pests. Okada recorded higher environmental pressures due to greater waste generation and population concentration, while Usen and Iguomon experienced moderate environmental impacts. Health challenges associated with poor waste management included malaria, diarrhoea, cholera, and skin infections. Most respondents indicated that open dumping negatively affected environmental aesthetics. The study concluded that existing solid waste management practices within the study area pose considerable environmental and public health risks. It is recommended that improved waste management infrastructure, regular environmental monitoring, public awareness programmes, and strengthened sanitation policies be implemented to promote environmental sustainability and healthier communities.