Nuclear Technology in Plant Breeding: Evaluating Radiation Effects on Genetic Diversity and Stability

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Plant breeding is a fundamental strategy for food security, adaptation to climate change, and sustainable crop production. The limitations of conventional breeding methods, particularly the restriction of genetic diversity and the long-time requirement, have necessitated the application of novel technologies. The application of nuclear technology, specifically the induction of mutations through radiation, is considered an effective tool for increasing genetic diversity and selecting desirable traits. This review article analyzes the evaluation of radiation effects on genetic diversity and stability in plant breeding. In this article, the mechanism of radiation action, the process of determining the appropriate dose, the types of induced mutations, and the relationship between genetic diversity and stability are explained in detail. Additionally, international experiences of nuclear technology application, the importance of this technology for Afghanistan, and recommendations for future research are presented. The results indicate that the application of an appropriate radiation dose can contribute to increasing genetic diversity; however, maintaining genetic stability and controlling undesirable mutations are fundamental factors for the success of this technology.

Determinants of Satisfaction Among Non-Contributory National Health Insurance (Non-PBI JKN) Users at Primary Health Centers in Bandar Lampung City

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Background: The National Health Insurance (JKN) program aims to guarantee access to quality health services for all Indonesian citizens. The satisfaction of Non-Contributory JKN (Non-PBI) users with primary health center (puskesmas) services is an important indicator of service quality.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze factors influencing the satisfaction of Non-PBI JKN users at puskesmas in Bandar Lampung City, covering sociodemographic factors and service quality.

Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach from August to September 2026 at eight puskesmas in Bandar Lampung City. The population comprised 52,630 individuals, and the sample consisted of 440 respondents from eight puskesmas selected using multistage sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews using a questionnaire. Data analysis used the chi-square test for bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis.

Results: Among sociodemographic factors, only education was significantly associated with satisfaction (p=0.022), whereas age (p=0.180), sex (p=0.360), marital status (p=0.133), occupation (p=0.157), income (p=0.467), and domicile (p=0.247) were not. Regarding service quality dimensions, tangibles (p<0.001), reliability (p<0.001), responsiveness (p<0.001), and empathy (p=0.002) were significantly associated, while assurance was not (p=0.499). Multivariate analysis showed that education, occupation, tangibles, and reliability were significantly associated. The most dominant factor was reliability (OR=2.872; 95% CI: 1.895–4.352; p<0.001), indicating that respondents who rated reliability as good were 2.872 times more likely to be satisfied.

Conclusion: Increasing user satisfaction can be achieved by improving service reliability, such as timeliness, consistency, and accuracy of services, as well as enhancing tangibles through complete facilities, cleanliness, and comfort.

Pre-Adoption Readiness of Climate Disclosure in Provincial Environmental Offices in Java Island: IPSASB SRS 1 Analysis

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This study assesses the pre-adoption readiness of six provincial environmental agencies on Java Island, Indonesia, to implement IPSASB Sustainability Reporting Standard 1 (SRS 1) Climate-related Disclosures before its mandatory effective date of January 2028, examining overall readiness levels, pillar-level development, and year-on-year change. A descriptive-comparative content analysis was applied to 12 Government Agency Performance Reports (GAPR) for 2023–2024 from all six Java provinces. A 12-indicator index operationalizing the four SRS 1 pillars (governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets) was applied alongside a three-level scoring scheme (0 = absent; 1 = partial/general; 2 = specific/quantitative) and a conservative coding rule that excludes public climate program information from entity-level operational risk scores. Average readiness rose from 48.6% in 2023 to 53.5% in 2024, remaining at the intermediate stage, with marked inter-provincial heterogeneity (DI Yogyakarta: 70.8%; East Java: 29.2%). Strategy was the strongest pillar (62.5%) and risk management the weakest (37.5%). None of the 12 reports disclosed Scope 1, Scope 2, or Scope 3 operational greenhouse gas emissions at the entity level, revealing a fundamental gap between climate program reporting and entity-level fiscal risk disclosure. Pre-adoption investments should prioritize operational emissions inventories (Scopes 1–3), climate-specific risk registers, inter-agency governance coordination, and financial impact and scenario analysis capabilities. The findings support a phased implementation approach for subnational governments in developing countries.This study contributes the first SRS 1-specific pre-adoption readiness baseline for subnational governments in Indonesia, a replicable 12-indicator assessment instrument incorporating a conservative coding methodology, and empirical evidence to inform capacity-building strategies ahead of the standard’s effective date.

Edible Coating on Almond and Walnuts Fruits

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Almonds and walnuts are nutritionally valuable nuts; however, their quality can deteriorate during storage due to moisture transfer, lipid oxidation, rancidity, and microbial growth. Edible coatings have attracted increasing attention as a potential approach to maintaining the quality and extending the shelf life of these products. This review aims to summarize recent research on edible coating materials and their applications in preserving the quality of almonds and walnuts. Relevant literature published from 2013 onward was searched using Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus. Following the search and screening process described in the reviewed article, 35 articles addressing edible coatings for nuts were selected for information collection and analysis. The reviewed studies covered four main categories of coating materials: lipids, polysaccharides, proteins, and composite formulations, as well as emerging applications involving nanotechnology. The findings reported in the reviewed literature indicate that different edible coatings can help reduce moisture transfer, delay lipid oxidation and rancidity, limit microbial growth, and preserve the sensory characteristics of almonds and walnuts during storage. Polysaccharide-based coatings, including those containing chitosan, starch, and cellulose derivatives, were associated with improved quality preservation, while lipid-based coatings provided moisture-barrier properties. Protein-based and composite coatings also showed potential for maintaining sensory quality and reducing oxidative deterioration. Furthermore, studies involving Nano-enabled packaging reported improvements in shelf life and microbial control, although further investigation of nanoparticle migration and potential human-health effects is necessary. Overall, edible coatings represent a promising approach to improving the storage stability and quality of almonds and walnuts. However, their effectiveness depends on the coating formulation and storage conditions, highlighting the need for further research to optimize their application and assess their safety.

The Influence of Board Characteristics, ESG-Linked Compensation, and ESG Controversy on ESG Performance: Does the Presence of the ESG Committee Matter?

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This study aims to empirically examine the influence of board gender diversity, board independence, ESG-linked compensation, and ESG controversies on ESG performance. Additionally, it seeks to empirically investigate the moderating role of an ESG committee. The study focuses on all non-financial companies listed on the stock exchanges of the ASEAN-5 countries, which consists of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand for which data are available via the LSEG (Refinitiv) Eikon database, covering 700 data of the period from 2019 to 2025. Employing multiple regression analysis and also moderated regression analysis, the study provides empirical evidence of the positive influence of board independence, ESG-linked compensation, and ESG controversies on ESG performance. Regarding the moderating role of an ESG committee, the findings indicate that such a committee strengthens the positive impact of board gender diversity on ESG performance. Furthermore, the committee is shown to mitigate the negative impact of ESG controversies on ESG performance.

The Effect of Discovery Learning Model Assisted by Live Worksheet on Students’ Learning Outcomes and Inference Skills in Elementary School Science Learning

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Science learning in elementary schools requires students to understand concepts through observation, investigation, and reasoning processes. However, students’ learning outcomes and inference skills are still relatively low because learning activities are often dominated by teacher explanations and have not fully involved students in scientific inquiry activities. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Discovery Learning model assisted by Live Worksheet on students’ learning outcomes and inference skills in science learning on the topic of changes in states of matter.

This study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method using a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The research subjects were fourth-grade students of SD Negeri Antirogo 01 and SD Negeri Antirogo 04, Jember Regency, consisting of 62 students. The experimental class received treatment through Discovery Learning assisted by Live Worksheet, while the control class received conventional learning. Data collection techniques used learning outcome tests and inference skill instruments. Data analysis was performed through prerequisite tests and hypothesis testing using inferential statistics.

The results showed that the Discovery Learning model assisted by Live Worksheet had a significant effect on students’ learning outcomes and inference skills. The learning process encouraged students to actively observe, collect information, process data, verify findings, and formulate conclusions based on evidence. The integration of interactive digital worksheets strengthened students’ involvement and supported meaningful learning experiences. Therefore, Discovery Learning assisted by Live Worksheet can be an effective alternative strategy to improve cognitive achievement and scientific thinking skills among elementary school students.

Linguistic Factors Affecting English Speaking Skills among Second-Year English-Major Students: A Mixed-Methods Study

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This study investigated the relationships between vocabulary competence, grammatical competence, pronunciation competence, and self-perceived English-speaking skills among second-year English-major students at Nguyen Tat Thanh University (NTTU), Vietnam. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 102 students, followed by semi-structured interviews with five selected participants. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were used to examine students’ self-assessments, while thematic analysis explored their reported speaking difficulties. The results revealed positive perceptions of linguistic competence and speaking skills overall. Vocabulary competence showed the strongest correlation with overall self-perceived speaking skills (r = .502, p < .001), followed by grammatical competence (r = .492, p < .001) and pronunciation competence (r = .397, p < .001). Interview findings provided further insights into difficulties with lexical retrieval, grammatical processing, final consonant production, stress, intonation, and speaking confidence. These findings highlight the interconnected roles of linguistic resources in students’ perceptions of oral communication. The study suggests that EFL instruction should integrate vocabulary development, communicative grammar practice, pronunciation training, and supportive speaking activities. However, because the quantitative measures were based on self-report, the findings indicate associations among perceived competencies rather than causal effects on objectively measured speaking performance.

Robust Optimal Power Flow under Industrial Cyberattacks and Renewable Uncertainty

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The digitalization of electric-power operation couples optimal power flow (OPF) with measurement systems, communication networks and increasingly variable renewable generation. Power system operators may have to make dispatch decisions using load measurements that have been altered by false-data injection attacks. At the same time, actual renewable power generation may differ from what was forecast. When these two problems occur together, the system may need more balancing capacity than would be expected if each uncertainty were considered separately. This paper examines both effects through a scenario-based robust direct-current optimal power flow (DC-OPF) approach. The proposed model determines generator schedules and upward and downward reserves with ensuring that the system can respond to bounded combinations of corrupted load measurements and renewable forecast errors. The approach focuses on reducing their operational consequences. It assumes that the operator does not know the exact amount of corruption measurement but can define reasonable limits for measurement errors and renewable uncertainty. The study uses the publicly available PGLib-OPF v23.07 IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 30-bus networks, with additional renewable generation and cyberattack scenarios introduced for testing. The results show that the robust approach increases preventive operating costs by 0.98% for the 14-bus system and 1.97% for the 30-bus system compared with a deterministic OPF using a standard 10% balancing-reserve rule. In 3,000 out-of-sample scenarios for each network, the robust schedule avoided emergency load shedding within the defined uncertainty limits. By comparison, the deterministic approach required load shedding in 62.77% of the IEEE 30-bus scenarios, with an average of 2.56 MW and a maximum of 18.93 MW of unserved power. These results suggest that the benefit of robust OPF is not simply a change in how generation is scheduled. More importantly, it helps place reserve capacity where it can be used effectively, reducing the risk that corrupt measurements and unexpected renewable fluctuations will prevent the power system from operating within its physical limits.

Taste Over Looks: How Product and Store Attributes Drive Satisfaction and Loyalty among Generation Z Coffee Shop Consumers

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Coffee shops targeting Generation Z increasingly compete on visually appealing beverages, on the assumption that this digitally native generation cares most about how products look. This study examined what actually satisfies Generation Z coffee shop customers and keeps them coming back, comparing the role of visual presentation with that of taste consistency, store ambience and value for money. A survey using a four-point Likert questionnaire was conducted in December 2025 among 87 undergraduate students at the Indralaya campus of Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, who were selected by purposive sampling. The data were analysed in SPSS using descriptive statistics, the McNemar test, the Mann–Whitney U test, Cronbach’s alpha, Spearman’s rank correlation, multiple linear regression and bootstrapped mediation analysis with the PROCESS macro (Model 4). Respondents chose coffee shops mainly because the place was comfortable and conveniently located, whereas taste was mentioned far more often as a reason for being satisfied than as a reason for choosing a coffee shop. Although most respondents said that the presentation of a beverage matters to their satisfaction, the importance they attached to presentation was unrelated to how satisfied they actually were. Instead, satisfaction was driven mainly by consistent taste and, to a lesser extent, by a comfortable store environment. Satisfied customers were more willing to return and to recommend the coffee shop, and taste and ambience strengthened loyalty by first increasing satisfaction. Value for money did not raise satisfaction but directly encouraged customers to return. These findings challenge the assumption that visual appeal is decisive for Generation Z: whatever role presentation plays in attracting customers, consistent taste and a comfortable environment sustain their satisfaction, and fair prices bring them back.

Strategy for Optimizing Idle Land to Increase Non-Aeronautical Revenue: A SWOT and VRIO Approach

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The decline in air traffic at Adisutjipto Airport, Yogyakarta, following the opening of Yogyakarta International Airport calls for revenue sources that do not depend on passenger volume. This study analyzes the existing condition of idle land, the internal and external factors influencing its optimization, and the company’s resource advantages, and then formulates a strategy for optimizing idle land to increase non-aeronautical revenue. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed in a single case study of the 4,945 m² Babarsari idle land owned by PT Angkasa Pura Indonesia, Adisutjipto Yogyakarta Branch Office. Primary data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with nine purposively selected informants; secondary data came from the partner selection document and the highest and best use (HBU) study. The data were analyzed through reduction, display, and conclusion drawing using weighted strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis, value, rarity, imitability, and organization (VRIO) analysis, and a value creation assessment. Data trustworthiness was tested through triangulation, member checking, and an audit trail. The results show that the land has clean and clear legal status, that the company’s strategic position lies in SWOT Quadrant I (+0.88; +1.68), and that four of the six resources generate sustained competitive advantage. Corporate reputation and the stakeholder network have not yet been utilized because organizational readiness, particularly specific regulations for land outside the Airport Master Plan (AMP) and communication with the community, is still being developed. The sports center alternative with integrated commercial facilities ranks highest on four of the five value creation indicators, although its net present value is lower than that of office space. These findings indicate that strategy selection depends not only on financial performance but also on organizational readiness and stakeholder relationships. Actual revenue realization will be evaluated once the business activities are in operation. The study recommends strengthening internal regulations, accelerating the cooperation process, and developing an asset utilization strategy that considers economic potential, implementation readiness, and business sustainability.