Educational Services for Hospitalized Children and Adolescents in Pediatric Oncology: A Cartography of Academic Production in Brazilian Federal Universities

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This study maps the academic production on Educational Services for Hospitalized Children and Adolescents related to pediatric oncology at Brazilian Federal Universities, aiming to understand how different fields of knowledge construct meanings about illness, schooling, and educational continuity for children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment. The research adopts an exploratory and cartographic approach grounded in Antoine Culioli’s Theory of Predicative and Enunciative Operations (TOPE), analyzing lexical variations, metadata, institutional affiliations, and regional academic productions. Two analytical levels were established: Level II, focused on textual surface and metadata analysis, and Level I, centered on enunciative activity and networks of meaning. The results reveal that the naming of Educational Services for Hospitalized Children and Adolescents is not neutral but constitutes strategic enunciative operations that reflect distinct epistemic territories. Although Hospital Class remains the most stable descriptor nationwide, regional specificities demonstrate differentiated modes of institutionalization and conceptualization. The North region prioritizes continuity of schooling and preservation of pedagogical identity; the Northeast expands the field through ethics, aesthetics, and intersectoral dialogue; the Southeast consolidates institutional and professional dimensions; and the South emphasizes subjective, neurocognitive, and socio-emotional aspects. The study also identifies a progressive displacement from biomedical approaches toward relational and rights-based perspectives, in which the child ceases to be represented exclusively as a patient and becomes re-enunciated as a subject of learning, participation, and continuity. The findings reinforce Educational Services for Hospitalized Children and Adolescents as an ethical, pedagogical, and political practice essential to sustaining educational trajectories during illness.

Predictors of Behavior Problems in Preschool Children: The Role of Psychological Self-Regulation and Cognitive Executive Functions

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The aim of this transversal research was to examine the influence of predictors of psychological self-regulation (temperament – effortful control, positive and negative emotionality, and cognitive executive functions) on the prediction of criterion variables of internalized and externalized behavior problems in preschool-aged children. The pertinent sample included 170 parents (53% mothers and 47% fathers) and preschool children of both sexes aged 4–6.5 years from the preschool “Radosno detinjstvo” in Valjevo. The following measurement instruments were applied: Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory, The Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire, Child Behavior Checklist, Questionnaire on the use of digital media by preschool children, executive function tasks for children (“Day–Night”), backward digit span, and verbal fluency. The obtained alpha reliability coefficients suggest that the used instruments, with reliable internal consistency, are valid for measuring the Serbian population. The results of the hierarchical linear regression model, with a relevant proportion of variance (29.28% and 28.52%), showed that externalized and internalized behavior problems are in a statistically significant positive correlation with factors of perceived executive functions – inhibition deficit and working memory deficit. Additionally, the temperament dimension of partial effortful control manifested as a relevant determinant contributing to the explanation of variability in the construct of behavior problems in preschool-aged children. The study discusses the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.

The Effectiveness of Task-Based Grammar Activities in Improving English Grammar Proficiency among University Students in a University in Northern Viet Nam

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This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of task-based grammar activities in improving the English grammar proficiency of university students at a university in Viet Nam. Specifically, it compared the grammar performance of students taught through the Task-Based Approach with those taught through the Grammar-Translation Method. The study employed a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design involving 60 students, who were divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 30 students in each group. The experimental group was taught grammar through task-based activities, while the control group received instruction through the Grammar-Translation Method. Data were collected using grammar pre-tests and post-tests and were analyzed using mean scores, standard deviation, and t-test procedures. The findings showed that both groups improved after the intervention; however, the experimental group achieved a higher post-test mean score than the control group. The results indicate that task-based grammar activities were more effective in enhancing students’ grammar proficiency, increasing their classroom participation, and promoting more meaningful use of grammatical structures in communication. The study concludes that the Task-Based Approach is a suitable and effective method for teaching English grammar at the university level, particularly in contexts where traditional grammar instruction remains dominant.

The Role of Auditor Independence, Ethical Behavior and Professional Skepticism on Audit Quality: Evidence from The Gambia

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There are continuing questions about audit quality outcomes in Africa, especially in The Gambia, where the audit environment is relatively small and may be affected by governance and oversight challenges, regulatory capacity constraints, perceived institutional pressures, and limited resources. The current study aims to test and analyze the significant influence of auditor independence, ethical behavior, and professional skepticism on audit quality in The Gambia. The study uses a sample of 35 external auditors serving in the public sector because this accounts for the largest number in The Gambia’s audit system. The study adopted a random sampling method, and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regressions in SPSS 31.0 to test the hypotheses. The regression results show that auditor independence (β = 0.349, p = 0.002), ethical behavior (β = 0.286, p = 0.005), and professional skepticism (β = 0.270, p = 0.004) all have a positive and significant influence on audit quality in The Gambia. The study’s results provide country-specific evidence from a small and underexplored African audit environment and offer practical implications for regulators, professional bodies, and future researchers.

Migration, Education, and Labor Market Integration: Evidence from a Panel Data Analysis of Institutional Heterogeneity in Europe

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Purpose: This study examines the relationship between migration intensity, education-related integration mechanisms, and labor market outcomes of the foreign-born population in selected European countries over the period 2010–2024. It explores how migration flows and migrant education interact within different institutional contexts.

Methodology: The analysis focuses on Germany, France, Italy, Austria, Sweden,  and the United Kingdom and employs panel data techniques using two-way fixed and random effects models. Model selection is guided by the Hausman specification test, which strongly favors the fixed effects estimator, highlighting the role of country-specific institutional heterogeneity.

Findings: The results indicate that migration intensity alone is not significantly associated with improved migrant employment outcomes once unobserved heterogeneity is controlled for. In contrast, migrant tertiary education shows a positive relationship with employment performance. Public education expenditure, measured as a share of GDP, does not exhibit a robust direct effect, suggesting that aggregate spending levels are insufficient to drive integration outcomes.

Originality:  By providing recent longitudinal cross-country evidence, the study contributes to the applied econometrics literature on migration and labor markets. It highlights the importance of institutional context and educational attainment in shaping migrant labor market integration across Europe.

Behavior-Based Malaria Incidence Prediction Model in the Hanura Community Health Center Work Area, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung, Indonesia

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Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite and transmitted through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. This disease remains a public health problem in the working area of ​​the Hanura Community Health Center, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung, Indonesia. Behavioral factors and home protection conditions are thought to play a role in increasing the risk of malaria, such as the use of mosquito nets, mosquito repellent, wire mesh, and activities outside the house at night. This study aims to analyze behavioral factors that influence the incidence of malaria in the working area of ​​the Hanura Community Health Center, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung, Indonesia. This study used an observational analytical design with a case-control approach conducted in November 2025–January 2026. The study sample consisted of 113 case groups and 113 control groups selected using proportional random sampling techniques. Data were obtained through questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that the use of mosquito nets had a significant relationship with the incidence of malaria (p-value = 0.016; OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.17–3.42), the use of mosquito repellent (p-value = 0.002; OR = 2.95; 95% CI = 1.53–5.70), and the use of wire netting (p-value = 0.008; OR = 2.12; 95% CI = 1.25–3.61). Meanwhile, activities outside the house at night did not have a significant relationship with the incidence of malaria (p-value = 0.893). Behavioral factors and physical protection of the house play an important role in the incidence of malaria. The use of mosquito nets, mosquito repellent, and wire netting has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of malaria, so that sustainable prevention efforts are needed through improving healthy living behaviors and protecting the home environment.

The History of Vietnamese Feminism: Huỳnh Thị Bảo Hòa, an Early Twentieth-Century Feminist

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This article examines the contributions of Huỳnh Thị Bảo Hòa to the history of Vietnamese feminism. She was among the earliest female intellectuals to advocate for and defend the roles and positions of women within the family and society. To conduct this study, we closely analyzed her articles published in Đông Pháp thời báo between 1926 and 1927, particularly those concerning women and family life, domesticity, women’s education, and professional careers. Her contributions to the Vietnamese feminist movement in the early twentieth century are undeniable. This study aims to open further avenues for research on Vietnamese feminism in the early twentieth century.

Sulfuric Acid Regeneration from Magnesium Sulfate Streams: Process Chemistry, Recovery Technologies, and Industrial Challenges

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Sulfuric acid regeneration from magnesium sulfate streams is an increasingly relevant challenge in hydrometallurgy, mineral processing, battery recycling, pickling operations, and industrial wastewater treatment. Magnesium sulfate is often formed when sulfuric acid reacts with magnesium-bearing minerals, neutralizing agents, or process residues, resulting in acid loss, sulfate accumulation, increased effluent volumes, and challenging brine management. This critical review examines the process chemistry, recovery technologies, and industrial constraints associated with converting magnesium sulfate streams into reusable sulfuric acid or valuable by-products. The discussion covers thermal decomposition, crystallization, membrane-based acid recovery, electrodialysis, diffusion dialysis, solvent-assisted separation, precipitation routes, and hybrid process configurations. Particular attention is given to reaction equilibria, water balance, impurity behavior, energy demand, scaling risk, acid quality, and integration with upstream and downstream unit operations. Although several technologies are technically feasible, industrial application is limited by high energy consumption, low selectivity in multicomponent liquors, fouling, corrosion, and uncertain economics at large scale. The review highlights that magnesium sulfate regeneration should be evaluated as a process-integration problem rather than as an isolated acid-recovery step.

Request-Aware Fuzzy Load Balancing for Heterogeneous Computing Systems

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In modern heterogeneous computing systems, efficient load balancing remains one of the key challenges affecting system performance, response time, and resource utilization. Traditional load balancing algorithms such as Round Robin and Least Connection generally distribute requests without considering the computational complexity and priority of incoming tasks, which may lead to resource imbalance and performance degradation under dynamic workloads. To address this limitation, this study proposes a Request-Aware Fuzzy Load Balancing (RA-FLB) model based on a Mamdani-type Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). The proposed approach evaluates both request characteristics, including URL structure, payload size, header information, and computational weight, together with the real-time state of virtual machines such as CPU utilization and workload level. Based on fuzzy inference rules, the system dynamically selects the most appropriate server for each incoming request. In addition, a dynamic feedback mechanism continuously updates server states after task execution, enabling adaptive and real-time decision-making. The proposed model was implemented and evaluated in the CloudSim Plus simulation environment. Experimental results demonstrate that the RA-FLB approach improves response time, throughput, and load distribution efficiency compared with conventional algorithms. The proposed method provides a scalable and adaptive solution for intelligent resource allocation in cloud and distributed computing environments.

The Effect of Effective Tax Rate, Moral Hazard, and Firm-Specific Determinants on Capital Structure

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This research aims to examine the effectiveness of Effective Tax Rate, Firm Size, Profitability, Non-Debt Tax Shield, and Moral Hazard toward Capital Structure in oil, gas, and coal subsector firms listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange during the period 2016-2024. The study employs a quantitative research design using panel data regression analysis. The Fixed Effect Model is selected based on panel data model selection tests and analyzed using EViews 12. The empirical findings reveal that only Profitability has a statistically significant negative effect on Capital Structure. Meanwhile, Effective Tax Rate, Firm Size, Non-Debt Tax Shields, and Moral Hazard do not exhibit statistically significant effects. These results suggest that internal financing capacity plays a more dominant role than tax incentives, firm scale, alternative tax shields, or agency-related considerations in determining capital structure decisions within the observed subsector. These research findings suggest that the effect of internal financing capacity dominates the effect of tax and agency-related considerations in determining Capital Structure within the Indonesian energy subsector. This study is limited by its sector-specific focus and restricted observation period.