The Role of Academic Forms in Literary Studies

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This paper explores the evolving role of key Forms in literary research, namely articles, monographs, thesis, and dissertations, which have become essential platforms for the dissemination of knowledge, and the development of literary studies. Articles, published in peer-reviewed journals, facilitate concise, focused research and foster dynamic scholarly dialogue, often introducing new methodologies and perspectives. Monographs provide in-depth, authoritative analyses that contribute significantly to literary scholarship, becoming seminal works that shape future research. Thesis and dissertations, as the culmination of graduate and doctoral research, offer original contributions to the field, often pioneering new ideas and theories. The paper examines how these forms continue to influence the trajectory of literary research, emphasizing their critical role in fostering intellectual growth, supporting academic exchange, and adapting to new technological and global trends in literature. Furthermore, it discusses the impact of digital platforms and open-access forms in broadening access to literary research, promoting global collaboration, and enhancing the relevance of the field in the 21st century. Through this analysis, the paper underscores the enduring importance of these forms in shaping the future of literary studies.

Recycling Post- Consumer Waste from Low Density Polyethylene Via Low Temperature Catalytic Pyrolysis

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Pyrolysis with or without the aid of catalyst have attracted much attention for the conversion of waste plastics to their monomers or partially de-polymerized oligomers. The resulting monomers can be recycled to the original or related polymeric product as well as gasoline range products.  In this work, the pyrolysis of contaminated Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) was done both thermally and catalytically. The gases from each sample were collected in Tedlar bags and analysis was done using a Buck 530 Gas chromatograph. Results from the thermal pyrolysis  showed aliphatic hydrocarbons within the range of C1 – C9 with a total concentration of 36.0906 ppm and 64.5041 ppm for gases collected at 200 ºC and 350 ºC  respectively. The pyrolysis was also repeated under the influence of zeolite catalyst using catalyst/sample ratios of 1:8 and 1:16 at 150 ºC and 250 ºC. Results revealed total yield of gases for LDPE under the zeolitic effect of temperatures of 150 ºC and 250 ºC using catalyst/sample ratio of 1:8 to be 721.0371 ppm and 835.0906 ppm. The corresponding values obtained at 150 ºC and 250 ºC using catalyst/sample ratio of 1:16 were 697.4464 ppm and 713.7277 ppm respectively. The hydrocarbon gases revealed mainly C1– C10 aliphatic hydrocarbons. These when fractionated can result into combustible gases and gasoline range product.

Forest Tree AI-SDN Firewall: A Hierarchical Architecture for Adaptive Network Security

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The rapidly evolving of digital environment prompts advanced network security solutions with essential defend against complex cyber threats. However, network security receives a promising boost from the combination of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) because which enables real-time control and intelligent decision-making. Real-time management of network resources through SDN allows flexible control while AI boosts the detection of anomalies in large datasets. In this paper we proposed a Forest Tree AI-SDN Firewall with an innovative hierarchical framework that combines these two powerful technologies to provide adaptive network security solutions with scalable and resilient capabilities. The framework draws its design principles from SDN infrastructure based on three separate layers, Root Layer, Trunk Layer and Canopy Layer. Real-time traffic filtering at the Root Layer uses lightweight edge sensors to achieve 98.2% accuracy while its FPGA-accelerated TLS 1.3 inspection system handles 40 Gbps of data. The Trunk Layer uses reinforcement learning algorithms with a federated SDN control plane to achieve dynamic policy optimization through 12ms response times. The Canopy Layer uses deep learning ensemble technology that combines CNN, LSTM and GNN architectures to detect zero-day threats effectively with 99.4% recall and 92% coverage of encrypted traffic analysis. The system achieves 99.2% threat detection precision during benchmark tests while generating 0.8% incorrect alerts and allowing policy updates at speeds 5.2 times faster than conventional security systems. The proposed system evaluating encrypted information and strengthening adversarial resistance together with cross-domain coordination and achieving 38 Gbps/W energy efficiency.

The Effect of Work Environment and Organisational Culture on Public Service Performance at the Regional Office of the National Land Agency of Gorontalo Province

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This study aims to analyse the effect of work environment and organisational culture on public service performance at the Regional Office of the National Land Agency of Gorontalo Province. Public service performance problems faced include low productivity, service quality, responsiveness, responsibility, and accountability. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional survey design. The research sample was all civil servants in the Regional Office of BPN Gorontalo Province totalling 44 people. Data were collected through questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability, and analysed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that the work environment and organisational culture partially and simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on public service performance. A conducive work environment and an organisational culture that supports innovation and collaboration are proven to improve the efficiency and quality of public services. These findings provide important implications for strengthening human resource management in improving the quality of public services.

Numerical Simulation in Gas Hydrate Formation

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The formation of gas hydrates is an undesirable process in the natural gas transportation industry, ensuring the blockage of pipelines and especially the reduction of transport flows and the increase of working pressure. That is why it is necessary to simulate the water adsorption processes using chemicals as well as the mathematical simulation of the processes. The article presents data on the simulation stages and especially the behavior of natural gas with water content in main pipelines.

Numerical Simulation of The Operation of Natural Gas Treatment

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Natural gas will remain a transitional fuel for many years to come. However, the exploitation of deposits also brings water particles associated with them (with a decrease in their pressure). Therefore, drying natural gas becomes a main activity in providing them as an energy source. In this material, we present a numerical model of the behavior of water in the natural gas mixture and provide data on the use of molecular sieves impregnated with alumina, silica gel, activated carbon, and hygroscopic salts.

Parenthetical Clauses and Their Prosodic Boundaries in English

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This research explores the intonational features of parenthetical clauses in English, focusing on their role within the broader structure of spoken discourse. Parenthetical clauses, though syntactically integrated into a sentence, serve as optional, often explanatory or evaluative elements that interrupt the main syntactic flow. Their presence poses a unique challenge for listeners and speakers alike, as they must be clearly distinguished from core propositional content without disrupting overall discourse coherence.

Grounded in the framework of discourse intonation and prosodic phonology, this study analyzes the ways in which speakers employ intonational cues—such as pitch contour variation, boundary tones, pausing, and tempo changes—to mark the insertion of parentheticals. The analysis is based on a dataset of natural spoken English, including both scripted and spontaneous speech, with acoustic measurements carried out using PRAAT software.

Findings indicate that parenthetical clauses are typically set off from the main clause by a combination of prosodic features, most notably a noticeable pause before and after the clause, a shift in pitch range (often a reset), and in some cases, a slower articulation rate. These features help signal a temporary departure from the main communicative thread and guide listener interpretation. Moreover, the study reveals differences in intonation strategies based on the syntactic type and discourse function of the parenthetical—whether it serves as clarification, hedging, commentary, or citation.

By examining the prosodic marking of parentheticals, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how spoken English encodes syntactic and pragmatic structures through intonation. The results have practical implications for speech synthesis, language teaching, and discourse analysis, especially in distinguishing core versus peripheral information in spoken communication.

Gesture Plus: A Novel Approach to Enhance Interactive Media

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 GesturePlus is a comprehensive human- computer interaction system that integrates hand gestures, voice commands, and a chatbot for seamless handling. Through the use of computer vision and machine learning, GesturePlus recognizes hand gestures through image pre- processing, fingertip detection, and real-time classification with high accuracy. GesturePlus finds great use within sterile environments or for people with limited mobility in an intuitive manner that replaces the traditional input devices.

Sustainable Education Service Asset Management Model: Case Study at State University of Gorontalo

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This study reveals important findings related to asset management at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, indicating a lack of integrated planning in the asset procurement system. Minimal involvement from all units and institutions contributes to inefficient and poorly coordinated procurement, as well as inadequate asset record keeping. These findings highlight the need for a systematic and collaborative approach to asset management, where proper record keeping is essential to monitor asset usage and condition, which impacts the quality of educational services. This study also fills a gap in the literature on asset management in higher education and paves the way for further research on information technology integration. However, this study has limitations, such as the focus on certain dimensions and the qualitative nature of the data. The conclusion emphasizes the need for concrete steps to improve the asset management system, including the implementation of integration strategies, resource management support, and the development of good information systems. Overall, this study provides guidance to improve the effectiveness of asset management in the context of higher education.

The Influence of Inclusive Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior: The Mediating Role of Job Autonomy and Psychological Safety (A Study of Start-Up Industry Employees in Semarang)

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This study examines the influence of inclusive leadership on employees’ innovative work behavior, with job autonomy and psychological safety as mediating variables. In today’s highly competitive and rapidly changing business environment, innovation is a critical factor for organizational success, especially in start-up companies dominated by millennials. Inclusive leadership, which emphasizes appreciation, employee involvement, and emotional support, has been shown to enhance job autonomy and create a psychologically safe work environment, encouraging employees to take risks and contribute fully to innovation. A multi-level approach analyzing interactions among individual, team, and psychological contexts is employed to understand these mechanisms. Focusing on start-up employees in Semarang, a rapidly growing hub with a strong millennial workforce, the study demonstrates that inclusive leadership plays a vital role in sustaining growth through fostering innovative behavior. The findings provide both theoretical and practical contributions for developing effective leadership strategies to support innovation in modern organizations.