Disparities in Village Apparatus Human Resources in Public Service Delivery in Bone Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency

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This study aims to analyze disparities in the human resources (HR) of village apparatus in public service delivery in Bone Subdistrict, Bone Bolango Regency, using the Human Capital Resources (HCR) framework with indicators of Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, and Experience (KSAE). A qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model by Miles and Huberman, comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal: First, in terms of knowledge, officials in Monano and Ilohuuwa Villages generally understand public service regulations and basic administrative procedures. However, in Waluhu Village, understanding of regulations is limited and not supported by an adequate internal training system. Second, regarding skills, operational competencies in using digital tools and village administration systems remain challenging, especially in Waluhu. Training has been unevenly distributed and not all relevant personnel have participated. Meanwhile, Monano Village is more adaptive to digital systems and efficient in financial reporting. Third, in the abilities aspect, village officials’ capacity to respond to emergencies and adapt to policy changes remains ad hoc and lacks standardized operating procedures (SOPs). Officials also tend to react rather than proactively address policy directives. Fourth, in terms of experience, most officials have served for over five years and have prior work experience outside the village (e.g., as surveyors or entrepreneurs). However, there is no structured system for transferring experience to new personnel, and learning remains informal and unstructured.

Optimization Strategy for Land Parcel Surveying and Mapping Services at the Land Office of Gorontalo City

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This study aims to analyze and design an optimization strategy for land parcel surveying and mapping services at the Land Office of Gorontalo City using three key indicators: Goal Indicator, Decision Alternative Indicator, and Resource Constraint Indicator. A qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders, field observations, and reviews of policy documents and service implementation reports. Data analysis followed the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. A SWOT analysis was also applied. The research findings show that (1) Strategic goals are achieved through the implementation of the 2021 Technical Guidelines, which emphasize risk mitigation, daily monitoring and weekly evaluations, and outreach through both in-person and online channels such as social media and public service applications; (2) Decision alternatives have been implemented, including technology-based service innovations (e.g., the Statif application), the use of modern surveying tools such as GNSS, geospatial information systems, and human resource competency training via PPSDM ATR/BPN; (3) Resource constraints include the limited number of competent personnel, inadequate infrastructure and survey equipment, low public understanding of service procedures, and minimal budget allocation; (4) The optimization strategy is positioned in the SO (aggressive) quadrant, leveraging internal strengths and external opportunities to the fullest. Digital innovation, cross-sector collaboration, and routine evaluation systems are the core components of this strategy. However, due to the balance between strengths and weaknesses, a turnaround approach is also necessary to gradually and sustainably address internal barriers.

The Development of Angngaru Poetry Reading Ability in Elementary School Students of SD Bontokamase, Gowa Regency

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Gowa Regency boasts a diverse range of tribes, races, faiths, cultures, and dialects, but this does not prevent the people of Gowa from coming together. In this case, the Makassarese regional language serves as a means of unification. Aru (Angngaru) has traditionally been an art that involves regional poetry, notably giving an oath of allegiance before the king, and is now being implemented for elementary school students to adults to promote Makassar language arts. The ability to read Angngaru poetry in Poetry Development for Class Va Students of SD (Elementary School) Bontokamase in Gowa Regency is important. This research aims 1) to show the meaning of Angngaru poetry in class Va of SD Bontokamase, Gowa Regency, 2) to describe the poetry reading ability of Angngaru students in class Va of SD Bontokamase, Gowa Regency in reciting the array. This research used a quantitative descriptive and only wanted to see the ability to read Angngaru poetry for each student to pay attention to how to pronounce it in the Makassar language. Some raters are involved in this research to give the score for students’ performance. Quantitative research methods can be interpreted as research methods based on natural object conditions because researchers act as key instruments. The population in this research was Class VA students at SD Bontokamase, Gowa Regency, and the samples were 37 students, consisting of 20 female and 17 male students. The research results on students’ ability to read Angngaru poetry are very good, and they can show the meaning very well. Based on the Angngaru participants in this research, it can be used as a pilot for other classes and between schools. 37 out of 40 students who were trained to read Angngaru properly, on average, were able to read and express Angngaru poetry well.

Optimizing Marketing Strategy to Improve Heavy Equipment Sales Performance in the Coal Mining Sector: Evidence from PT United Tractors West Sumatra

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This study investigates the impact of strategic marketing optimization on the sales performance of heavy equipment in the coal mining sector, focusing on PT United Tractors West Sumatra. Employing a quantitative approach, the research examines key factors such as Customer Relationship Management (CRM), customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty, and their interrelationships in influencing sales outcomes. Data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to corporate clients and sales representatives within the region. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data and test the hypothesized relationships. The findings reveal that while CRM significantly enhances customer satisfaction, its direct effect on sales performance is not statistically significant. Conversely, customer satisfaction strongly influences customer loyalty, which in turn has a significant positive effect on sales performance. The study highlights the complexity of the B2B heavy equipment market, where factors such as long purchasing cycles, after-sales service, and relationship management play crucial roles. Practical implications suggest that PT United Tractors should prioritize integrated marketing strategies that enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty through personalized service, value co-creation, and responsive support. This research contributes to the academic literature by providing empirical evidence on the nuanced roles of CRM and customer-centric strategies in optimizing sales performance in industrial markets.

Production Performance of Broiler Farms with Partnership Model in Malang District

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Broiler farming has an essential role in meeting national protein needs and improving the economic resilience of rural communities. The partnership pattern between farmers and core companies is the dominant system in broiler business management in East Java Province, especially Malang District. The study aimed to evaluate the production performance and financial efficiency of broiler farms in the partnership system. The research was conducted using a case study approach and quantitative methods with 75 farmers from Dunia Makmur Sejahtera’s plasma partners, spread across twelve districts. Respondents varied in age, education, farming experience, and scale of chicken population categorized into three business strata. Production performance indicators analyzed included feed conversion ratio (FCR), average body weight (ABW), mortality rate, harvest age, and performance index (IP). The financial evaluation included total cost, revenue, profit per cycle, and revenue to cost ratio (R/C ratio). Results showed that the average FCR was 1.79, ABW was 2.13 kg, depletion rate was 4.5%, and IP value reached 325. Based on stratification analysis, large-scale farms (Stratum III) showed better technical performance and financial efficiency than small and medium-scale strata. Financial efficiency was generally low with an average R/C ratio of 0.87. This suggests that despite promising technical performance, farmers still face serious challenges in achieving sustainable profitability. These findings emphasize the importance of improved feeding management, enhanced biosecurity and a re-evaluation of partnership contract schemes that are more equitable, especially for small and medium-scale farmers, to improve broiler performance and profitability in the future.

Comparison of Children Learning in Science Model with Direct Instruction in Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Terms of Learning Motivation in Science Learning

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Comparison of Children Learning in Science model with Direct Instruction in the development of critical thinking skills in learning science in elementary school. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of children Learning in Science with Direct Instruction in the development of critical thinking skills in terms of learning motivation in learning science in elementary school district Kedawung-Sragen, this study is a quasi-experimental research, using quantitative data analysis and sampling using cluster random sampling. Data collection is by test. The research Data were analyzed by stages: prerequisite analysis test, variance analysis test of two unequal cell paths, and further analysis of variance test. The results of the test calculation of variance analysis of two unequal cell paths obtained data that Fcount (75.61) > Ftable (3.89), and in further tests Anava, obtained data that the marginal mean of Children Learning in Science model is 89.78 greater than the Direct Instruction model which has an average of 77.66. The conclusion of the study is that the model of children Learning in Science is more effective than the model of Direct Instruction in the development of critical thinking skills.

Characteristic of Anxiety Levels and Risk Factors Among Fishermen with Hypertension in Coastal Lampung

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Anxiety disorders are mental health problems that frequently affect vulnerable groups. In Indonesia, the prevalence of anxiety disorders is 6.9% among individuals aged 55–64 years, 9.7% among those aged 65–74 years, and 13.4% among those over 75 years (Ministry of Health, 2020). This study aims to provide an overview of anxiety levels among hypertensive fishermen. A quantitative observational study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. The study was carried out from February to May 2025 in the coastal area of Lampung, specifically in the working area of the Sukaraja Health Center, Bandar Lampung City. The study population consisted of 100 hypertensive fishermen. Anxiety levels were measured using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS), and blood pressure was also measured. The results showed that 60 fishermen (60%) did not experience anxiety (32%) had mild anxiety,  (6%) had moderate anxiety, and  (2%) experienced severe anxiety. Risk factors associated with mild anxiety included adult age (37.6%), low education (35.9%), low income (27.8%), family support (32.1%), working morning shifts (34,6%), poor sleep quality (35.8%), exposure to bad weather (41.2%), social conflict (41.8%), and uncontrolled hypertension treatment (30.1%).

Implementation of End-to-End Circular Economy in Dairy Farming: A Case Study of KOP SAE Pujon, Indonesia

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This study was conducted at KOP SAE, Pujon District, Malang Regency, East Java Province, with the aim of identifying the application of the 5R principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Refurbish, and Renew) in the circular economy across three main sectors: the upstream sector (dairy cattle farming), the processing sector (dairy processing industry), and the downstream sector (cafe units and souvenir shops). Additionally, this study aims to explore the economic potential generated from the implementation of these principles. The respondents in this study consisted of three key informants selected purposively, namely (1) the Head of the Dairy Cattle Development and Resource Unit, (2) the Head of the Cattle Maintenance Unit, and (3) the Head of the Cafe and Souvenir Shop Unit. Data collection was conducted over a one-month period, from May 21 to June 21, 2024, using three main methods: questionnaire distribution, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed based on the 5R principles of the circular economy to measure the level of sustainability in each sector. The research results indicate that the three sectors observed have made significant efforts to apply the 5R principles, but their benefits for the environment, society, and economy have not been fully realized. In the upstream sector (dairy cattle farming), the application of the 5R principles averaged over 51%. In the milk processing sector, the application was higher, averaging above 76%. Meanwhile, in the downstream sector (cafés and souvenir shops), the implementation rate of the 5R principles averaged over 50%. From an economic perspective, the implementation of the circular economy has produced tangible impacts. The utilization of biogas from livestock waste can generate approximately 120 3-kg LPG cylinders every year, which, when converted economically, is equivalent to IDR 2,400,000. The R/C ratio from biogas utilization reaches 1.11, indicating that this venture is profitable and economically viable. Pasteurized milk processing generates an added value of IDR 9,750/liter of raw material, with an added value ratio of 49.3%. Meanwhile, yogurt processing provides a higher added value of IDR 17,160/liter and generates a company profit of 59.27%. The profit margin from the sale of dairy products by KOP SAE reaches 20%, indicating that the company’s profitability is in a healthy category.

The Effect of Excess Role on Physical and Psychological Health and Job Satisfaction The Role of Burnout Mediation

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This study aims to explore the effect of role overload on physical and psychological health, as well as job satisfaction of employees in the Prosecutor’s Office. Role overload experienced by employees can cause prolonged stress, which has a negative impact on mental and physical health. Using a cross-sectional survey, data were collected from 371 Prosecutor’s Office employees in Surakarta and Central Java. The results showed that role overload had a significant effect on physical and psychological health, and contributed to the level of job satisfaction. In addition, burnout was found to be a mediator in the relationship between role overload and job satisfaction. This study provides important insights into human resource management in the public sector to create a better working environment for employees.

Challenges and Barriers for Employees in Conducting Physical Fitness Measurements: A Literature Review

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Physical fitness measurement is one of the central government’s programs that must be implemented by employees in government institutions such as community health canters in order to increase productivity at work by maintaining a fit body condition and improving the health status of employees. The measurement of physical fitness has various challenges and obstacles, both for health canter employees and those working in other public service places. This study aims to identify the challenges and barriers faced by employees in conducting physical fitness measurements. The research method used a literature review, selecting articles using the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases with inclusion criteria including articles in the form of studies with qualitative or quantitative approaches, in Indonesian or English, full-text, and published in the period from 2016 to 2024. A total of 50 articles were obtained, of which 10 articles were included in the discussion. The research results show that the barriers to measuring physical fitness include physical and social environmental barriers in efforts to improve employees’ fitness and physical stamina; work efficiency and productivity; the need for improved facilities and infrastructure to support employees in physical fitness activities; challenges in measuring physical fitness, including the target distance for the Rockport fitness measurement method at 1.6 km, the high workload of employees which necessitates enhancing their fitness measurement capabilities, employees’ understanding and knowledge, as well as instructions or commands from their superiors to improve the quality of physical fitness measurement results optimally.