Impact of Screen Time [PHONES, T.V., SOCIAL MEDIA] on Snacking Frequency in Children [5ā€“14 Years] of Meerut District

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Children today spend a good part of their day in front of some screen or another, and parents often wonder how much of an effect this really has on the way their kids eat. That question is what this study set out to answer. Fifty parents of children aged 5ā€“14 years in Meerut district, Uttar Pradesh, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire as part of a cross-sectional descriptive study, and their answers were analysed using simple frequency and percentage calculations, then laid out in tables and graphs. What came out of the data was fairly consistent: television and mobile use both hovered around 1ā€“2 hours a day for most children (36% and 32% respectively), and screen use was heaviest in the afternoon (56%) rather than morning or night. YouTube Shorts turned out to be the clear favourite among children (42%). Eating in front of a screen was the norm rather than the exception 34% of children always ate this way, and only 8% never did. Interestingly, when parents were asked why their children snack during screen time, taste (26%), hunger (24%) and habit (24%) came up far more often than advertisements (8%), which goes against the common assumption that ads are the main culprit. Nearly half the parents (46%) also mentioned that their child gets irritated if the screen is taken away mid-meal. Taken together, these findings suggest that screen time and snacking have become tightly woven into daily routine for many children in Meerut, and that the fix probably lies less in banning screens outright and more in building steadier mealtime habits and a bit more mindfulness around eating.

Effect of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid at Different Concentrations on Growth, Yield and Quality of Soybean (Glycine max L) under Semi-Arid of Kabul conditions

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Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important legume crops cultivated worldwide for its high-quality protein and oil content. Using the Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs), particularly gibberellic acid (GAā‚ƒ) for foliar application, is considered to have great potential in enhancing the yield of soybeans. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar-applied GAā‚ƒ on the growth and yield of soybean under the semi-arid condition prevailing in the Kabul University research farm during the 2025 growing season (May-September). Different concentrations of GAā‚ƒ, such as 0, 50, 100, and 150 ppm, were used at the V6, pre-flowering, and pod-setting stages. The results showed that GAā‚ƒ application significantly influenced the growth performance, yield attributes and, seed quality. The plants treated with 150 ppm produced the tallest plants (64.14 cm). The maximum branch number (6.1) and leaf area (42.4 cmĀ²) were recorded in plants treated with 100 ppm GAā‚ƒ, and there was no significant difference between 100 and 150 ppm. The maximum number of pods per plant (60.35), seed yield (2967.3 kg ha), harvest index (43.4%), 100-seed weight (15.17 g), and seeds per pod (3.07) were noted in plants treated with 150 ppm. However, for all these parameters, there was no significant difference between 100 ppm and 150 ppm treatments. Protein and oil contents were highest in the 100-ppm treatment (38.03 and 19 %).

Effects of Varying Levels of Poultry Manure on Growth and Yield of Canola (Brassica napus L.) under Kabul Agro-climatic Conditions

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Canola (Brassica napus L.) is one of the key oilseed crops worldwide, serving as a vital source of edible oil, livestock feed, and biofuel. In Afghanistan, canola production faces significant challenges due to declining soil fertility and over-reliance on expensive chemical fertilizers. Poultry manure, as a low cost and nutrient-rich organic fertilizer, offers a sustainable alternative for improving crop productivity. However, limited scientific information is available regarding the optimal poultry manure application rate for canola under Kabul’s agro-climatic conditions. Therefore, an experimental research was conducted at Kabul University Agricultural Research Farm during the 2025 cropping season using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and four treatments. The study aimed to evaluate Effects of Different Levels of Poultry manure on Growth, Yield, and Yield Components of Canola. The findings of the study revealed that the application of poultry manure significantly influenced on growth, yield and yield components of canola. Overall, the application of 8-ton poultry manure ha-1 had better performance than control. The maximum plant height (117.45 cm), number of branches plant-1 (5.65), number of leaves plant-1 (39.77), number of siliques plant-1 (184.61), silique length (6.01 cm), number of seeds silique-1 (18.39), thousand seed weight (3.40 g), seed yield (2.74 t haā»Ā¹), biological yield (9.87 t haā»Ā¹), and harvest index (27.76%) were all recorded in T4. The lowest values for all parameters were observed in the control treatment (T1). It is recommended that use 8 tons of poultry manure ha-1 in order to realize optimal seed yield and biological yield of the crop.

Nanoparticles In Cancer Drug Delivery: Recent Advances, Therapeutic Applications And Challenges

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Cancer is one of the major causes of Mortality around the world, Despite Having significant advances in diagnosis and treatment. Conventional therapeutic-based approaches such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgeries are often limited due to poor selectivity, Toxicity, inadequate accumulation of drugs at tumor sites, and development of resistance to multi-drugs. Nanotechnology has developed as a better platform for improving Cancer treatment through the development of Nanoparticle based System of drug delivery. These nanoparticles have unique Physical and chemical properties that include Itā€™s nano scale size, Large surface area and its characteristics, enhanced drug-loaded capacity and controlled release of the drugs. These kind of properties helps to fight cancer cells by minimising damage to the healthy tissues. Various kinds of nanoparticles, Such as dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, liposomes, and hybrid nano carriers, result in better therapeutic Outcomes in preclinical and clinical studies. Recent advancements Which include Smart Nanoparticles, gene delivery systems, Immunotherapy based Nanomedicines and environment responsive drug delivery systems for tumors, Etc. These nanoparticle-based therapies have a better potential for multi-drug resistance and enhance the treatment efficiency. Despite having these advancements, there are also some challenges Which includes toxicity, Biological effects, Manufacturing And regulatory approval. This affects its widespread use for clinical treatments. This review therefore summarizes the recent developments, therapeutic applications, challenges, and future perspectives of Nanoparticle based cancer drug delivery systems.

Development of Outdoor Learning Mathematics Project Based Learning Tools on Simple and Compound Interest to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Ability

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This research is motivated by the continued dominance of conventional mathematics learning in vocational high schools, which rarely incorporates practical and contextual activities. Consequently, students’ critical thinking skills remain suboptimal, and learning tools based on the Outdoor Learning Mathematics Project (OLMP) are not yet available. This study aims to describe the process and results of developing OLMP-based learning tools for the topic of simple and compound interest that are valid, practical, and effective in improving vocational high school students’ critical thinking skills. This Research and Development (R&D) study adopted the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The subjects were 11th-grade students at SMKS 1 Pancasila Ambulu Jember. The developed tools included a Teaching Module, Student Worksheets (LKM), a FRISCO-oriented Critical Thinking Skills Test Package, and a User Manual. The results indicated that the learning tools met the validity criteria, with an average expert validity score (š‘‰š‘Ž) ranging from 3.68 to 3.78 (valid category). The practicality criteria were also met, evidenced by an average learning implementation score of 3.78 (high category), a student activity rate of 91.35% (very active category), and a positive student response rate of 96.19%. Furthermore, the effectiveness criteria were achieved with a learning mastery rate of 85% (exceeding the 70% threshold), a moderate-to-high increase in the average N-Gain score, and an independent sample t-test showing a statistically significant difference compared to the control class (š‘ < 0.05). Based on these findings, it is concluded that the OLMP-based learning tools for simple and compound interest are valid, practical, and effective in enhancing the critical thinking skills of vocational high school students.

Comparative Evaluation of Yield and Agronomic Traits of Four Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties under the Agro-Climatic Conditions of Char Asiab District, Kabul, Afghanistan

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Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple cereal crops that provides income and support the livelihoods of local farmers of Afghanistan, while also playing a vital role in food security. It is a major source of carbohydrates and proteins for human consumption, while its straw is commonly used as livestock feed in Afghanistan. yet productivity remains below potential due to limited availability of locally adapted improved varieties. This study evaluated the agronomic performance, yield, and yield-related traits of four winter wheat varieties (Sohla 02, Sohla 018, Chont, and local variety Riza Gul) under irrigated conditions in Char Asiab District, Kabul, during the 2024ā€“2025 growing season. Using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications, the data was analyzed with Statistical Tools for Agricultural Research (STAR 2.0.1) software. significant varietal differences were observed for most traits. Result showed that Sohla 018 produced the highest grain yield (4,866.67 kg haā»Ā¹), 1000-grain weight (44.36 g), and grains per spike (51.11). While Sohla 02 showed superior vegetative growth, this did not translate to higher yield. The findings identify Sohla 018 as the most suitable variety for cultivation in Char Asiab District, with potential to improve wheat productivity and contribute to food security in Afghanistan.

The Influence of Customer Experience, Local Wisdom, on Customer Loyalty Clothing Market Mediated bt Customer Relationship Management

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This study aims to analyze the effect of customer experience, and local wisdom on customer loyalty in the clothing industry in batam city, with customer relationship management (CRM) as a mediating variable. The backgrounds of this research is based on the condition of the clothing industry in batam, which is still considered an immature market, characterized by intense competition, unstable purchasing power, adn suboptimal implementation of marketing strategies and customer relationship management. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method through questionaries based on a Likert scale distributed to clothing consumers in batam. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, with criteria of respondents who have purchased clothing product. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeli g (SEM-PLS) to examine both direct and indirect relationship between variables. The result show that customer experience and local wisdom have significant effect on customer loyalty, both directly and indirectly through CRM as mediating variable. In addition, CRM plays an important role in strengthening the relationship between independent variables and customer loyalty. These findings indicate that improving customer experience,Ā  and integrating local wisdom must be supported by effective customer relationship management to optimally enhance loyalty. This study provides theoretical contributions to the development of marketing management, particularly regarding the mediating role of CRM, and offers practical implications for clothing businesses in Batam in designing more effective to improve customer loyalty

Risk Factors for Needle Stick Injuries (NSIs) Among Medical Solid Waste Handlers at Hospital X, Lampung Province, Indonesia

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Background: Needle Stick Injury (NSI) is an occupational accident that poses a risk of transmitting infectious diseases to personnel responsible for managing solid medical waste. The occurrence of NSI is presumed to be influenced by compliance with the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), the implementation of safety boxes, adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) training.

Objective: To analyze the association between compliance with PPE use, safety box implementation, adherence to SOPs, and OHS training with the occurrence of NSI among solid medical waste management personnel at Hospital X, Lampung Province.

Methods: A quantitative study with a caseā€“control design was conducted from May to July 2026 involving 45 respondents, consisting of 9 cases and 36 controls. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and secondary data, and were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a 95% confidence level.

Results: A total of 20.0% of respondents had experienced NSI. No significant associations were found between PPE compliance (p = 0.171), safety box implementation (p = 0.086), or adherence to SOPs (p = 0.118) and the occurrence of NSI. However, OHS training was significantly associated with NSI (p = 0.048). Respondents who had inadequate OHS training were six times more likely to experience NSI than those with adequate training (OR = 6.000; 95% CI = 1.238ā€“29.069).

Conclusion: OHS training was identified as a factor significantly associated with the occurrence of NSI, whereas compliance with PPE use, safety box implementation, and adherence to SOPs showed no significant associations. Strengthening structured and comprehensive OHS training programs is essential to reduce the risk of Needle Stick Injury.

English Majorsā€™ Perceived Effects of the Use of TikTok on Self-Regulated Learning

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The use of social media platforms has been popular among EFL learners and has become a topic of interest to researchers around the world in various academic contexts. This study, therefore, investigated the perceived effects of TikTok on self-regulated language learning strategies of English majors at a private university in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, for comprehensive insights. The study involved 103 English-majored freshmen, who participated in the completion of the questionnaire; concurrently, 10 of them were recruited for the semi-structured interviews via convenience sampling. Subsequently, quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS 27, and qualitative data were examined through thematic analysis. There were 64 females (62.1%) and 39 males ( 37.9%), whose responses were considered valid for the analysis procedures. The findings of the numerical data and interview responses indicated that the use of TikTok for SRL activities was frequent and regular, with general positive perceptions towards its effects on autonomous learning, which were illustrated through 4 dimensions: Metacognition, Cognition, Motivation, and Behavioural/Emotional aspects. Moreover, the results of Skewness and Kurtosis fell within the recommended thresholds of Ā±1, suggesting acceptable normality of the data distribution. By acknowledging the favourable results, this study demonstrates TikTokā€™s potential as a valuable tool for self-regulated English learning, fostering learnersā€™ autonomous behaviour and motivation. However, limited generalizability due to small sample size, reliance on self-reported data, cross-sectional design, and the focus on one group of participants remained the limitations of the current study, leaving room for future suggestions on longitudinal and multi-context studies.

Vietnamese Non-English Majorsā€™ Perceptions of the Impact of ChatGPT on Self-Directed Learning: A Study at a Public College

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ChatGPT has attracted considerable interest from educators and researchers in teaching English as a foreign language; however, there is not much empirical evidence about the effects of ChatGPT on EFL learnersā€™ self-directed learning. The current study explores the impact of ChatGPT on self-directed learning among EFL learners in a Vietnamese public college. A mixed-methods research design was used. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected through a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews through the participation of 144 non-English majors. Data were analyzed quantitatively through descriptive statistics and qualitatively through thematic analysis. Findings revealed that non-English majors mostly used ChatGPT for self-study, language practice, and answer verification. Furthermore, ChatGPT had a moderate positive effect on self-directed learning among participants, especially in terms of personal responsibility and self-regulation. However, ChatGPTā€™s role in promoting learner autonomy was rather insignificant. The findings imply that ChatGPT may be efficiently integrated into English learning, provided it is done alongside pedagogical guidance and critical assessment of ChatGPT responses by learners.