Intergenerational Caregiver Strategies in Caring for Parents and Maintaining Personal Well-Being

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This study explores how young intergenerational caregivers navigate caregiving responsibilities toward aging parents while maintaining their personal well-being. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, the research examines the lived experiences of three university students in Jakarta who simultaneously manage academic commitments, paid employment, and family caregiving. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model supported by NVivo 12 Plus. The findings reveal that caregiving among young adults operates as a multidimensional process involving financial management, emotional regulation, and role negotiation. Participants adopted structured income allocation strategies, pursued flexible supplementary work, and practiced careful time management to balance parental care with personal and educational needs. Despite these adaptive efforts, caregivers experienced significant psychosocial pressures, including stress, fatigue, and heightened moral responsibility, shaped by cultural expectations of filial duty and uneven family role distribution. Caregiving responsibilities frequently concentrated on individuals who were structurally available, accelerating their transition into adult roles and constraining personal aspirations.The study highlights forms of everyday resilience developed through pragmatic coping practices and family solidarity. However, reliance on individual adaptability also exposes gaps in formal support systems. These findings underscore the need to reconceptualize intergenerational caregiving as a shared social responsibility rather than an individual burden. Policy interventions integrating financial assistance, educational flexibility, mental health services, and community-based caregiver support are essential to sustain the well-being of young caregivers. The study contributes to caregiving and social development literature by providing empirical insight into how young adults construct meaning, strategy, and identity within intergenerational care arrangements in urban Indonesia.

Exploring The Impacts of online Game-Based Applications on Enhancing Learning Motivation among Primary School Students

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This study investigates the impact of online game-based applications (OGBA) on enhancing learning motivation among primary students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms in Vietnam. Although digital game-based learning has been widely associated with increased engagement, limited research has systematically examined its motivational mechanisms within primary-level EFL contexts in developing countries. Drawing upon Self-Determination Theory and Flow Theory, this study employed a convergent mixed-methods design involving 50 Grade 5 students and three teachers over a 12-week instructional intervention. Quantitative data were collected through a validated Likert-scale questionnaire measuring five motivational dimensions, while qualitative insights were obtained from semi-structured interviews and classroom observations. Descriptive and thematic analyses revealed consistently high levels of student motivation, particularly in interest, participation, and perceived competence. Students reported increased concentration, confidence, and willingness to engage when OGBA platforms such as Kahoot and Wordwall were integrated into instruction. However, moderate challenges related to time constraints, competitive pressure, and technological issues were also identified. The findings suggest that OGBA can effectively strengthen intrinsic and identified forms of motivation when pedagogically aligned with learning objectives. This study contributes context-sensitive evidence to the growing literature on digital game-based learning in primary EFL education and offers practical implications for sustainable technology integration in similar educational settings.

Optimizing Company Profile as a Public Communication Tool in Educational Institutions

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This study aims to analyze the public communication strategy implemented by Bimbel CEC, a non-formal educational institution, through the use of its company profile. The company profile functions not merely as an informational medium but as a strategic communication tool to build institutional image, convey vision and mission, and reach wider audiences, including prospective franchise partners. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews with two key informants: the Chief Executive Officer and the Co-Founder. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo software with thematic coding to identify key themes. The findings reveal that Bimbel CEC employs a multi-channel communication strategy, utilizing digital, print, electronic, and face-to-face media in an integrated manner. Message formulation emphasizes structured content, audience-based customization, visual storytelling, and soft selling approaches. Strategic adjustments are made regularly in response to technological advancements, curriculum changes, and social media trends. This study concludes that the company profile is not only a promotional asset but also a dynamic communication medium that embodies the institution’s values and positioning aligned with Kotler’s concepts of integrated marketing communication and strategic branding.

Building Trust in Agentic AI: TRACE Framework for Policy-Driven Multi-Agent System Design

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The rapid adoption of multi-agent AI systems— ranging from prescriptive, workflow-driven deployments to fully agentic, autonomous ecosystems—raises urgent challenges for trust, accountability, and regulatory compliance. This paper introduces the TRACE Framework (Trust, Review, Accountability, Critique, Explainability), a governance-first architecture designed to make multi-agent AI systems auditable, policy-aligned, and operationally reliable across varying degrees of agent autonomy. TRACE embeds governance anchors at the agent level, enforces data privacy and policy checks, supplies a dedicated Critic agent for meta-validation, and preserves human-in- the-loop oversight where required. We present a layered architecture that separates Governance & Compliance, Operational Agents, and Oversight & Assurance, and provide a concrete methodology for instrumenting agent behaviour with provenance, explainability outputs, and per-agent metrics. A formal scoring rubric—comprising agent operational metrics, critic checks, and aggregation rules—yields an Overall System Confidence (OSC) that drives automated actions, human escalation, and continuous learning. Finally, we propose a suite of operational KPIs for each layer as Governance and Compliance Indicators (GCI), Agentic Performance Metrics (APM), and Assurance Indicators (AI) that enable financial institutions and other regulated organisations to deploy multi-agent systems that are efficient, auditable, and compliant. TRACE bridges the gap between regulatory expectations and system engineering practice— providing a practical roadmap for trustworthy multi-agent AI deployment in high-stakes domains.

How Job Satisfaction Shapes Affective Commitment: The Moderating Roles of Innovative Climate and Innovative Behavior in a Government Institution

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Public sector organizations face persistent challenges in strengthening employees’ affective commitment within rigid bureaucratic structures and increasing demands for innovation. Job satisfaction remains a critical issue, and efforts to promote an innovative climate and innovative behavior do not always translate into stronger emotional attachment to the organization. These conditions highlight the importance of understanding how job satisfaction and innovation-related factors interact in shaping affective commitment. This study examines the effect of job satisfaction on affective commitment, with innovative climate and innovative behavior tested as moderating variables. A quantitative explanatory design was employed using a census survey of 115 civil servants and probationary civil servants at the Regional Office XII of the National Civil Service Agency in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Job satisfaction was modeled as a second-order construct reflected by satisfaction with pay, promotion, supervision, coworkers, and the work itself. The results indicate that job satisfaction has a positive and significant direct effect on affective commitment. Innovative climate and innovative behavior also show significant direct effects, but their moderating effects are not supported. Satisfaction with promotion emerges as the most dominant dimension, followed by satisfaction with pay and supervision. Overall, job satisfaction remains the primary antecedent of affective commitment, while innovative climate and innovative behavior act as complementary contributors. These findings highlight the importance of fair career advancement, equitable compensation, and supportive organizational practices.

Quality of Work Life of Female School Teachers – An Empirical Analysis

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This study examines the quality of work life among female school teachers in Thiruvananthapuram district in Kerala. The study investigates; various organizational and personal factors influence their professional well-being and satisfaction. The comprehensive literature review, identifies gender inequality, workplace stress, work-life balance challenges, and organizational support as critical dimensions The research employs quantitative methodology to assess the key variables, like workload, working hours, flexibility, organizational support, and stress levels among fifty participants. Descriptive statistical analysis reveals that organizational support emerges as the most consistently positive factor with the highest mean and lowest variability. On the other hand, workload presents the lowest satisfaction levels with significant individual differences in stress experiences. Correlation analysis indicates a significant negative relationship between organizational support and stress levels, that reflects an enhanced organizational support, that effectively mitigates workplace stress among female teachers. The findings suggest that targeted interventions focusing on workload management, improved work flexibility, sustained organizational support, and stress reduction strategies are essential for enhancing the quality of work life and professional sustainability of female school teachers in Thiruvananthapuram.

Social Media Leads to Stress and Depression for Working Adults

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Today’s digital age has made social media platforms crucial to people’s everyday lives by facilitating many types of interaction, including communication, information dissemination, and professional networking. However, many people’s mental health has suffered as a result of the extensive use of social media, especially adults in the workforce. To what extent do working individuals’ social media habits contribute to their stress and mental health? That’s the question this report sets out to answer. The examine how the intrusive nature of social media, the pressure to maintain an online presence, and the constant exposure to curate online personas can lead to increased stress and vulnerability to depression through a comprehensive literature review and empirical analysis. The research highlights the need for more research into the effects of social media use on mental health and well-being and the significance of targeted interventions and digital literacy programs in helping to lessen the negative effects of social media use among this demographic. This research adds to the expanding body of information about the link between technology and mental health, providing insights that may help people and institutions encourage more positive online habits and cultivate a healthier perspective on technology.

The primary goals of this study are to investigate how much time spent on social media sites is associated with increased levels of stress and depression, to pinpoint specific social media behaviours that correlate with these adverse outcomes, and to investigate moderating factors that may influence the observed associations. This study used a mixed-methods strategy, combining quantitative survey data with qualitative interviews, to shed light on the intricate relationship between social media use, mental health, and the realities of today’s contemporary workforce.

The Use of the Podomoro Technique in Improving the Results of Listening and Speaking Class Evaluation

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The suitability of using teaching tools or materials in teaching is essential to achieve what students want and the learning objectives. Not only are the right and appropriate teaching tools or materials needed, but teaching and learning methods that are appropriate to what students need are also needed. Students can use the Podomoro technique to focus more on studying the materials. Not only that, but efficiency in the use of time can also help students to be more focused on studying what is being studied. This research is quantitative. The design is a one-group pretest-posttest. The Pretest and Posttest scores were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which was implemented using a statistical application called SPSS. There are different results from the three different classes for the Listening and Speaking classes, which show that the Podomoro technique helps learning outcomes. Statistically significant improvement was observed in two classes (p = 0.005 and p = 0.016), but not in the third (p = 0.388).

Mediating Effects of Job security on the Relationship between Trust in Management and Organizational Commitment in Downsizing Organizations

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Organizations have underestimated the adverse effects of downsizing and often overlook the challenges of motivating a remaining workforce that is emotionally affected by witnessing others lose their jobs. Yet, motivating these survivors to achieve higher productivity is vital for the company’s success and the job security of employees. It should be noted that, next to the death of a relative or friend, losing a job is one of the most traumatic experiences, as it disrupts careers and families. This research paper aims to study the mediating effect of job security on the relationship between trust in management and organizational commitment of employees. The present research findings suggest that if organizational downsizing is carried out in such a manner that employees perceive positive changes in their daily work experiences in the form of increased organizational support that enhances their trust for management and inculcates perceptions of the accuracy of the performance appraisal system, their affective and continuance commitment to the organization can be maintained or even increased. The study has significance for maintaining member loyalty by organizations which are resorting to downsizing through voluntary retirement schemes as in the Indian context.  Research strongly suggests that survivors in the organization also suffer adverse effects after downsizing has occurred.

Comparative Study of the Existing and Post Intervention of the Mr. Dwiyanto’s House in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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This study presents a quantitative comparative analysis of environmental performance before and after an architectural intervention on a vernacular dwelling in the Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. Conducted as a longitudinal field investigation, the research employed a baseline-endline methodology with data collection in June 2025 (pre-intervention) and October 2025 (post-intervention). Key metrics included surface temperatures of building components (ceiling, walls, floor) and comprehensive indoor air quality (IAQ) parameters, notably particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) concentrations, measured against national ambient air quality standards (NAB). The results demonstrate a pronounced dual outcome. The intervention achieved its primary objective of drastically improving IAQ, with PM10 and PM2.5 levels reduced by over 90%, transitioning from exceeding to far below the NAB thresholds. However, this significant improvement coincided with a critical trade-off. A severe reduction in indoor air velocity (78%) altered the thermal environment, leading to mixed results: while floor temperatures decreased consistently, other components showed varied responses, and the heat stress index (WBGTi) slightly increased despite a lower dry-bulb temperature. The study concludes that while passive architectural strategies can effectively protect against outdoor particulate pollution, they can inadvertently compromise natural cooling ventilation. These findings highlight the essential ventilation-filtration dilemma in tropical climates and underscore the necessity for integrated, balanced design approaches in sustainable housing retrofits to simultaneously ensure occupant health and thermal comfort.