Dilated Cardiomyopathy Following Total Thyroidectomy Complicated by Severe Mitral Regurgitation: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Cardiac dysfunction following thyroid and parathyroid surgery is rare but clinically significant. Hormonal disturbances, including iatrogenic hypothyroidism and calcium metabolism disorders, may adversely affect myocardial function and the mitral valve.

We report the case of a 56-year-old woman who underwent thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy in 2024. One year later, after discontinuation of thyroid hormone replacement and calcium supplementation, she progressively developed dyspnea, peripheral edema, and heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed hypokinetic dilated cardiomyopathy (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 32%) associated with severe functional mitral regurgitation. Laboratory tests showed marked hypothyroidism (TSH 95 µIU/mL, free T4 2.39 pmol/L), hypocalcemia (total calcium 43 mg/L), and elevated NT-proBNP levels (7,850 ng/L).

Management combined guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure, gradual thyroid hormone replacement, calcium supplementation, and discussion of potential surgical/valvular intervention. After six months of follow-up, a significant improvement in cardiac function and regression of mitral regurgitation were observed.

This case highlights the importance of cardiologic and endocrinologic surveillance after thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Early recognition of hormonal abnormalities and cardiac dysfunction is crucial to optimize management and improve prognosis.

Fraudulanet Financial Reporting Using Fraud Pentagon Model: Evidence form the State-Owned Companies in Indonesia

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Financial statement fraud has the highest number of losses among all fraud types. In addition to harming finances of a company, false financial reports could risk the viability of the business. In the corporate sector, fraud results in losses of trillions of rupiah. This study uses the fraud pentagon theory to investigate the relationship between fraudulent financial reporting and pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence, and arrogance. This study applied quantitative method and causally associative approach. This research using secondary data from financial reports that were obtained through the Indonesia Stock Exchanges (IDX) official website. The state-owned companies (BUMN) listed on IDX 2018-2023 period comprise the study population, and purposive sampling method used to determine sample size. One hundred eighty samples from thirty BUMN as result of the sample selection. The study method of data analysis is the Random Effect Model (REM) with EViews 13. The result of this research indicate that return on assets (ROA), and change in auditor (AUDCHANGE) has significant positive effect on fraudulent financial reporting (FFR). In contrast, ineffective monitoring (BDOUT), change in director (DCHANGE), and number of CEO picture (FCEO) did not significant effect on FFR in state-owned companies. This research can contribute to the advancement of current theories and offer companies resources to lower the risk of fraud. This research advances audit company best practices for enhancing companies auditing efficacy in lowering financial reporting fraud.

The Art of Using Allusions in Du Fu’s and Nguyen Binh Khiem’s Poetry

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Besides influencing content, Du Fu’s poetry also greatly influenced Nguyen Binh Khiem’s ​​poetry in terms of artistic merit. This is evident in the art of using allusions in the poems of both authors. Comparing the art of using allusions in the works of the two authors reveals similarities in how they reflect social reality, particularly the contrast between the impoverished lives of the people and the luxurious lives of the official class, thereby expressing a profound sense of humanism and critical awareness. Furthermore, the use of allusions demonstrates erudition and conciseness in poetic language. While Du Fu leaned towards historical allusions to express his concern for the times, Nguyen Binh Khiem adopted and creatively adapted them to express a philosophy of leisurely living, affirming his own unique artistic style.

The Effect of Screen Time Duration on Fine Motor Development in Children Aged 2–5 Years in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara

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Background: Preschool children in Indonesia continue to experience developmental challenges. National data indicate that fewer than half of children aged 1–59 months receive standardized developmental monitoring. At the same time, increased access to digital devices has made screen time a routine part of early childhood, potentially reducing opportunities for physical play that are essential for fine motor skill development.

Objective: To examine the association between screen-time duration and fine motor development among children aged 2–5 years in the service areas of the Sikumana and Tarus Community Health Centers.

Methods: This study employed an analytic correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 55 children aged 24–60 months were recruited using consecutive sampling. Screen-time duration was assessed using a questionnaire adapted from the SMALL-Q, while fine motor development was evaluated using age-specific fine motor items from the Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire (Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan/KPSP). Data were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test.

Results: The results showed that 54.5% of children were exposed to excessive screen time (>60 minutes/day), and 63.6% demonstrated fine motor development that was not appropriate for their age. A significant moderate negative correlation was observed between screen-time duration and fine motor development (r = −0.449; p = 0.001). Children with excessive screen time had a substantially lower proportion of age-appropriate fine motor development (16.7%) compared with children who adhered to recommended screen-time limits (60%).

Conclusion: There is a significant and moderately strong association between screen-time duration and fine motor development among children aged 2–5 years. Parental education on limiting screen time and ensuring active supervision is crucial to support optimal fine motor development in early childhood.

Strengthening Community Trust through Good Village Governance: An Empirical Study of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) In Indonesia

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This study investigates how good village governance enhances community trust in Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Indonesia by employing a qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis across selected high-performing BUMDes. The findings reveal that transparency, accountability, participation, and responsiveness are central to shaping cognitive, relational, and institutional trust, with community confidence strengthened when governance processes are open, inclusive, and consistent. Conversely, mismanagement, elite capture, and political interference undermine trust and institutional legitimacy. The study contributes to theoretical perspectives on institutional trust, rural social capital, and participatory governance, while offering practical recommendations for strengthening nationwide BUMDes governance models through improved financial transparency, community-based monitoring, and participatory planning. Although limited by its site-specific context and qualitative scope, the research provides a foundation for future comparative, mixed-method, and longitudinal studies on governance–trust dynamics in rural development institutions.

The Influence of the Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by ‘Energy Exploration Board’ Media on Scientific Literacy and Learning Outcomes in Elementary School Science and Social Studies (IPAS)

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The learning of Science and Social Sciences (IPAS) in elementary schools currently faces challenges, particularly in the low achievement of students’ scientific literacy and learning outcomes. The learning process is often dominated by teacher-centered methods, lacking the integration of innovative media that fosters active student engagement. This research aims to examine the influence of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model supported by “Papan Jelajah Energi” (Energy Exploration Board) media on students’ scientific literacy and learning outcomes. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design involving 5th-grade students at SDN Kandangtepus 02. The research instruments included scientific literacy tests and cognitive learning outcome tests. Data analysis was conducted using the independent samples t-test. The results showed that the experimental group, which implemented the PBL model with the Papan Jelajah Energi media, achieved significantly higher scores compared to the control group. This indicates that the integration of PBL and interactive game-based media is effective in improving students’ understanding of renewable energy concepts and their scientific literacy skills.

What do we know about Tax Amnesty? Insights from bibliometric analysis

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This paper provides a bibliometric analysis of the existing literature on tax amnesty, focusing on its effectiveness in enhancing tax compliance, generating government revenue, and reducing tax evasion. By analyzing 108 relevant articles extracted from Scopus, the study maps the evolution of tax amnesty research and identifies key themes and trends in the field. The analysis reveals a significant increase in the number of publications since 2015, reflecting growing academic interest in this policy tool. The findings suggest that while tax amnesty programs can generate short-term revenue and improve voluntary compliance, their long-term impact on reducing tax evasion remains debated. The research also highlights the central role of countries like Indonesia, where tax amnesty programs have been extensively implemented, and identifies prominent authors contributing to this body of knowledge. Through keyword analysis, the study emphasizes the importance of concepts such as tax compliance, tax evasion, and tax system reforms, which are closely linked to the success of tax amnesty programs. The paper concludes by suggesting directions for future research, particularly in understanding the sustainability and ethical dimensions of tax amnesty.

The Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model-Local Wisdom with ELIKOSIS Media on Elementary School Students’ Ecoliteracy Skills and Science Learning Outcomes

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This study aims to examine: (1) the effect of the Problem-Based Learning model with ELIKOSIS media on the IPAS ecoliteracy skills of elementary school students, (2) the effect of the Problem-Based Learning model with ELIKOSIS media on the IPAS learning outcomes of elementary school students. The background of this study is based on the importance of strengthening eco-literacy from elementary education and the need for contextual learning that integrates the local wisdom of the Edelweiss mountains with play activities that are appropriate for the characteristics of elementary school students. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a posttest-only control design. The research sample consisted of two classes, namely the experimental class that received the Problem-Based Learning-Local Wisdom model treatment with ELIKOSIS media and the control class that used direct learning. Data collection was carried out through an ecoliteracy test, an IPAS learning outcome test, and an observation sheet on the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning-Local Wisdom model with ELIKOSIS media. Data analysis in this study used inferential statistics, specifically the t-test technique, with the SPSS version 27 application. The results of the study showed that: (1) there was a significant effect of the Problem-Based Learning model with ELIKOSIS media on the IPAS ecoliteracy skills of elementary school students, (2) there was a significant effect of Problem-Based Learning with ELIKOSIS media on the IPAS learning outcomes of elementary school students.

Factors Associated with Chronic Macrovascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly in The Coastal Community of Konawe Islands

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Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Long-term, uncontrolled hyperglycemia can trigger macrovascular complications, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze factors associated with chronic macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in elderly people in coastal communities in the Konawe Islands Regency.

Methods: This study was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was all 256 elderly people with type 2 DM in the period January–September 2025. A sample of 160 respondents was selected using simple random sampling and met the inclusion criteria. Independent variables included duration of diabetes, obesity, blood sugar control, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and physical activity. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman rank test and logistic regression.

Results: Factors significantly associated with macrovascular complications were duration of diabetes mellitus (p=0.00), obesity (p=0.032), dyslipidemia (p=0.000), hypertension (p=0.001), and physical activity (p=0.045). Meanwhile, blood sugar control showed no significant association (p=0.114). The R-square value of 0.500 indicates that half of the variation in complication incidence can be explained by the studied variables.

Conclusion: Duration of diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and physical activity are associated with the occurrence of macrovascular complications in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Efforts to prevent and control these risk factors need to be increased to reduce the burden of complications in the elderly population in coastal areas.