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Effects of Different Amount of Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Common Bean

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This study evaluated the effects of different rates of diammonium phosphate fertilizer on the growth, yield, and yield components of common bean under field conditions at the Faculty of Agriculture Research Farm, Kabul University, during the 2025 growing season. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications and four fertilizer treatments: 0 (control), 30, 60, and 90 kg ha⁻¹ of diammonium phosphate. Data were collected on vegetative growth traits, including plant height, number of branches, and number of leaves, as well as reproductive traits such as number of pods per plant, grains per pod, pod length, pod width, 100-seed weight, and grain yield. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, and treatment means were separated using the least significant difference test at the 5% significance level. Fertilizer application significantly affected most growth and yield parameters. The application of 60 kg ha⁻¹ produced the greatest vegetative growth, recording the highest plant height (33.8 cm) and number of branches (4.47), while the unfertilized control produced the highest number of leaves (36.4). The application of 90 kg ha⁻¹ resulted in the highest reproductive performance, including number of pods per plant (12.33), grains per pod (4.00), pod size, 100-seed weight (66 g), and grain yield (1090 kg ha⁻¹). The findings indicate that moderate fertilizer application promotes vegetative growth, whereas a higher application rate maximizes reproductive development and grain yield. Therefore, applying 90 kg ha⁻¹ of diammonium phosphate is recommended to improve common bean productivity under agroecological conditions similar to those of the study area.

Effect of Different Times of Budding on Budding Success and Subsequent Seedling Growth in Peach

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The present experiment entitled “Effect of different times of budding on subsequent seedling growth of Peach” was carried in open field conditions at fruit nursery, Department of Horticulture, Paktia University, Gardiz, Paktia province, Afghanistan during the year 2018-2019. Peach cv. Benidict was T-budded on peach seedling rootstocks with four different times (May 9; June 13; July 7 and August 23, 2018). The objective of this investigation was to find out the appropriate time of budding in order to obtain vigorous budded saplings under climatic conditions of Paktia province. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Completely Block design with 10 replicates. The results showed that different budding times had significantly affected the bud take success rate and vegetative growth of budded saplings. Budding in August and June (T4 and T2) revealed the highest bud takes success rate (87% and 83,33%) respectively, however budding in May (T1) with lowest bud take success rate (20%). Budding in June (T2) and August (T4) had not showed significant difference among themselves. Budding in May (T1) obtained first rank with highest average number of lateral branches (14,85), stem diameter (13,73mm), longest sprout length (104,7cm) and highest average number of leaves (207,7), though budding in June (T2), July (T3) and August(T4) had not showed significant difference in vegetative growth parameters like number of lateral branches and stem diameter. According to Fisher’s LSD test budded saplings in August (T4) obtained the shortest sprout length (53,8cm), However, the sprout length among the budded saplings in May (T1), June (T2) and July (T3) was not found significantly different. The highest average number of leaves (207, 7) and lowest average number of leaves (54, 2) was recorded under T1 (May budding) and T4 (August budding) respectively, Meanwhile the average number of leaves was not significantly different among T2 (June budding) and T3 (July budding) budding times.