Articles

Farming Efficiency of Pest and Disease Control Techniques on The Efficiency of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Farming in Local Agricultura Areas in Timor-Leste

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Agriculture is one of Timor-Leste’s most important economic sectors, providing a living for the vast majority of the population. The key issue for shallot producers in Timor-Leste’s local agricultural areas is the high intensity of plant pest organism attacks, which has an impact on production costs and revenue. The purpose of this study is to determine how pest and disease control approaches affect the efficiency of shallot (Allium ascalonium L.) cultivation in Timor-Leste’s local agricultural areas. This study employs a quantitative approach, collecting primary data from farmers via surveys, structured interviews, and questionnaires administered to a sample of 10 shallot farmers and 40 respondents in the study area, and analyzing farming efficiency using the Linear Regression Analysis method implemented in SPSS version 22. This study found that, when compared to other ways, the use of integrated control in shallot cultivation is the most profitable and efficient. With a production of 3,700-4,320 kg and a consistent selling price of $3.50, total production costs (TC) range from $660 to $785. The t-test results showed that the variables Chemical Use (X1), Biological Use (X2), and Integrated Control (X4) all had a significant and positive effect on the dependent variables. The use of biological uses (X4) was the most significant factor, with a tcal value of 6,715, demonstrating that chemical technology intervention is still the principal driver of agricultural efficiency at this research site. The model accounts for 69% of the variance in farming efficiency (R² = 0.690). As a result, expanding farmer training and extension programs on integrated pest management (IPM) is critical for improving sustainable pest control and increasing the efficiency of shallot farming in Timor-Leste. So extension and training initiatives on integrated pest management (IPM) techniques should be strengthened to help farmers manage pests more efficiently and sustainably.

Financial Performance Analysis and Valuation Assessment of Pt Bumi Resources in Comparison with Pt. Adaro Energy Tbk. and Pt. Bukit Asam Tbk. For Period of 2017-3rd Quarter of 2022

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Indonesia is the third largest country in the world producing coal products. PT. Bumi Resource Tbk. (BUMI) is a coal industry company with the highest market capital, but its financial performance is not good when viewed from its net income in the 2017-3rd quarter of 2022. Financial ratio analysis is used to evaluate the company’s financial performance. This analysis uses the provisions of the ministry No.KEP-100/MBU/2002 which is divided into 4 factors, namely profitability, liquidity, activity and solvency ratio. Economic Value Added (EVA) and FCFF valuation are the methods used in this research. For external analysis, researchers use PEST analysis.
The researcher found that BUMI’s financial performance was categorized as an unhealthy company based on its financial ratio analysis with an average rating of B. Based on the EVA method, BUMI’s financial performance was considered not good considering that its value was always negative. From the FCFF valuation, the Intrinsic Value of BUMI is IDR 250.29 when the current price is IDR 147. So, the BUMI company is concluded to be undervalued.

Optimizing Risk Mitigation Analysis of Business Development Division (Case Study: Urban Transportation Division at PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero)

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The community can use various alternative modes of transportation, and the train is still the choice for most Indonesian people. PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero), the object of this research, has 2 main businesses, namely the railroad and the non-railroad businesses. A company’s business processes do not stop until the company benefits from the business it does, but in this highly complex and interconnected world, the risk is everywhere. Risk management is an important discipline for companies, institutions, and society in today’s modern business world. Risk management is carried out based on the ISO 31000:2018 framework. This research will discuss optimizing risk mitigation strategies as a tool for the business development division to provide effectiveness and how to implement these solutions in the real world. Sources in this study came from secondary data such as annual reports, audited financial reports, and project studies in the Urban Transportation Business Development Division of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero), discussions, and interviews with related parties. Some of the tools used in this study are PEST to analyze external companies, McKinsey 7S Framework to analyze external companies, and the Enterprises’ Risk Management method for the risk management process. Managing risk through optimizing risk mitigation can reduce and minimize loss exposure. Based on the risk matrix score results, the company can take risk treatment, whether the risk must be mitigated or accepted. The risk level score from the risk matrix is used to make underwriter decisions in the risk acceptance process at the Business Development Division of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero).