Board Diversity, Foreign Ownership, and Audit Quality: Their Influence on Financial Performance in Indonesian State-Owned Enterprises (2020-2024)

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This research explores the impact of board diversity, foreign ownership, and audit quality on the financial performance of Indonesian state-owned enterprises (SOEs) listed in the index of IDX BUMN20 for the period of 2020 –2024. As part of broader governance reforms in Indonesia, this research seeks to assess how these three governance elements contribute to financial outcomes within a unique organizational setting where commercial and public mandates often intersect. Using a panel data regression model with a sample of 18 SOEs across five years, it reveals that both foreign ownership and high-quality auditing are significantly linked to enhanced financial performance, while board diversity, although positively correlated, does not show statistical significance. These results suggest that while inclusive board structures may offer long-term governance benefits, measurable financial gains are more immediately driven by investor oversight and the credibility of external audits. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of governance effectiveness in state-affiliated firms and offer practical guidance for enhancing performance through targeted reforms. This research underscores the importance of institutional support, regulatory consistency, and professional independence in shaping the future of Indonesia’s public sector enterprises.

Effect of Duck Breed on Reproductive Performance of Parent Stock, Quality of Day-Old Ducks (DOD) in Alabio, Mojosari, and Their Crossbreeds

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This study aims to evaluate the reproductive performance of duck breeders and assess the quality of day-old ducks (DOD) in Alabio, Mojosari, and their crossbred lines. The experimental design employed involved three breed groups: MM (Mojosari ♂ × Mojosari ♀), AA (Alabio ♂ × Alabio ♀), and AM (Alabio ♂ × Mojosari ♀), each consisting of 30 female ducks and 6 male ducks. Egg collection was conducted over a 5-day period to obtain 100 eggs from each breed group. Breed differences had a highly significant effect on the egg shape index, with the highest recorded in the AM group (79.80%). However, there were no significant differences in egg weight (63.90–65.13 g) or fertility rate (72–81%). The AM ducks also exhibited the highest hatchability (75.95%) and the lowest embryonic mortality (24.46%). Hatch weight and post-hatch viability score were not significantly affected by breed differences; the highest hatch weight was observed in the AA group (38.58 ± 1.07 g), with post-hatch viability scores ranging from 9.74 to 9.84. However, DOD body length differed significantly, with the MM group displaying the longest body length (18.88 ± 0.30 cm). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the crossbreeding of Alabio male ducks with Mojosari female ducks (AM) demonstrates superior reproductive performance in terms of egg shape index, hatchability, and embryonic mortality, although certain parameters such as egg weight, fertility, hatch weight, and post-hatch viability score did not show significant differences among the breed groups.

Association Between Iron Tablet Adherence and Hemoglobin (Hb) Level Improvement Among Pregnant Women in The Kampung Sawah Health Center Area, Bandar Lampung

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Anemia in pregnant women remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia and contributes to increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to analyze the association between iron supplement tablet administration and the improvement of Hb levels among pregnant women at the Kampung Sawah Health Center, Tanjung Karang Timur Subdistrict, Bandar Lampung City. A cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample consisted of 66 pregnant women, including 33 with anemia and 33 without anemia, selected from prenatal care classes. Initial Hb data were obtained from medical records, followed by Hb examination after to iron supplement tablet administration. Data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. The findings indicate that the administration of iron supplement tablets significantly contributes to an increase in Hb levels among pregnant women. The mean Hb level increased from 11.02 g/dL to 11.40 g/dL after to iron supplement tablet administration, with the paired sample t-test showing a statistically significant result (p < 0.0001).

Biosurfactant-Mediated Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles from Medicinal Endophytic Bacteria: A Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Efficacy

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Biosurfactants, surface-active compounds made by bacteria, have drawn interest in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Using biosurfactants isolated from endophytic bacteria, nanoparticles made were looked for their antibacterial and antibiofilm abilities. UV-Vis spectrophotometry was used to confirm the synthesis and stability of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles showed inhibition that were similar to those of standard antibiotics when tested against bacterial strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, indicating it to be a potential antibacterial. Additionally, they were found to be successful in preventing preformed biofilms, which is important because biofilms are a contributing factor to antibiotic resistance and chronic infections and thus can be a suitable biomedical application. These results demonstrate the potential of nanoparticles produced from biosurfactants as an alternative to antibacterial drugs. They are suitable for biological applications because of their ability to inhibit bacterial and biofilm growth. More investigation needs to be carried out to evaluate their toxicity, stability, and biocompatibility. Testing on in vivo models and cell cultures is crucial to determine their efficacy and safety in medical applications. Biosurfactant-based nanoparticles may provide a new and environmentally friendly method of creating an antibiotic in light of the growing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. By understanding the need for more research into bio-based options for infection management, this work adds to the expanding area of nanotechnology.

Physicochemical and radioactive study of Colombontatalite ore from the Kisengo quarry in the DRC

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This research concerns the assessment of radioactivity and the physicochemical characterization of columbotantalite ore extracted from the Kisengo quarry, located in the Tanganyika province of the Democratic Republic of Congo. The sample was taken from the Kisengo open-pit mine in Nyunzu territory located about 170 km from the town of Kalemie in Tanganyika province/DRC. It contained about 32% niobium, 21% tantalum, 6% iron, 7% manganese, 7% tin, 4% silicon and about 3% titanium and was analyzed by XRF. The results of the radioactivity tests revealed that the average dose rate, measured in nGy/h, was 329.72, or 0.038 mSv with the Identifinder device. This sample does not pose a risk of radioactive exposure, as the dose levels are very low, in accordance with the WHO range of 20 mSv and DRC Law 017/2002. Analysis of optical microscopy images of Kisengo coltan reveals the presence of a siliceous gangue (quartz) associated with pyroxenes as well as columbotantalite, which is the mineral of tantalum and niobium. Also present are cassiterite, a tin mineral (SnO2), and pyrolusite, a manganese mineral (MnO2). Granulochemical characterization revealed that tantalum and niobium are concentrated in the 500 micrometer fraction. The loss on ignition test indicated that niobium is the most abundant element in the analyzed sample, representing 31.97%, followed by tantalum at 20.75%. Finally, silicon and titanium are present and removed at 4.18% and 17.716%, respectively.

Analysis of Microbiological and Physicochemical Quality of The Water of Lake Tshombe for its Use for Recreational Purposes (Bathing Water)

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The city of Lubumbashi was built on land watered by numerous waterways, particularly rivers. However, these rivers contribute to the beauty of the Lubumbashi landscape and discharge their waters, mostly of poor physicochemical and microbiological quality, into the Kafubu River. All of these rivers are prone to various types of pollution. Lake Tshombe, formerly known as the “Municipal Lake” and artificially created by damming the Lubumbashi River, also serves as a tourist mirror for the city. This lake, long plagued by increasing eutrophication, is also fed by polluted waters from the Karavia, Kamisepe, Kalubwe and Lake Kipopo rivers and is the focus of this research. We have focused our investigations on a qualitative study of the water in this lake and contributing in some small way to the beautification efforts of the city of Lubumbashi. At the end of this research which focused on analyzing the water of Lake Tshombe from a physicochemical and microbiological point of view in order to determine whether it can be used without health risk for recreational purposes, we can draw the following conclusion on the quality.

Application of Theoretical Concepts of Nursing Anthropology and Transcultural Nursing in Improving The Performance of Infection Prevention and Control Nurses (IPCN) in Hospitals

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Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a fundamental component in ensuring patient safety within hospital environments. The performance of Infection Prevention and Control Nurses (IPCN) significantly determines the success of IPC programs, yet it often faces complex challenges related to staff adherence, frequently rooted in internal organizational cultural aspects. This study aims to cognitively explore how theoretical concepts of nursing anthropology and transcultural nursing can be integrated to enhance IPCN performance, particularly in addressing cultural barriers affecting IPC practice compliance in healthcare facilities. The method used was a conceptual literature review enriched with cognitive exploration based on field studies based on reflection on the author’s personal experience and observation in the hospital environment. Core concepts such as cultural competence, culturally congruent practice, and cultural context, along with transcultural nursing care models and the analogy of family theory serve as the primary analytical framework. The study’s exploration reveals that a comprehensive understanding of healthcare staff’s values, beliefs, and cultural practices is essential for designing effective and culturally sensitive interventions to improve IPCN performance. Further discussion describing the design of the application of theoretical concepts of nursing anthropology and transcultural nursing for IPCN performance improvement was explained through the adaptation of the Five-step problem solving process in Transcultural Interprofessional Practice Model (assessment, mutual goal setting, planning, implementation, evaluation) as a guide for IPCN. The conclusion recommends a transcultural approach as a transformative strategy for IPCN include the development of cultural competence, advocacy for supportive policies, and the necessity for further empirical research to test the effectiveness of this model.

Boosting Numeracy Through Differentiated Outdoor Learning in Mathematics: A Learning Material Development Study

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This research and development study aimed to develop, validate, and determine the effectiveness of differentiated learning materials in Outdoor Learning Mathematics (OLM) for enhancing students’ numeracy skills. Following the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate), the research meticulously crafted a learning module, Student Worksheets (LKPD), and a numeracy skills test package tailored for seventh-grade students. The materials underwent rigorous validation by expert lecturers and teachers, confirming their validity with all components achieving a ‘Valid’ category (Va ≥ 3). Their practicality was established through classroom observations, demonstrating an average implementation score of 83.37% (‘Good’ category). The effectiveness was primarily assessed via a quasi-experimental design involving an experimental class (n=29) and a control class (n=27) at SMP Nahdlatuth Thalabah Kesilir Wuluhan. Although pre-test and post-test data were not normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk Sig. < 0.05), their variances were homogeneous (Levene’s Sig. ≥0.05 for “Based on Mean”). A Mann-Whitney U test revealed a significant difference in post-test numeracy skills between the experimental and control classes (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.009, p < 0.05), indicating a positive influence of the developed materials. The experimental class also showed higher classical mastery (75%) and a greater proportion of students reaching ‘proficient’ numeracy levels. These findings suggest that the differentiated OLM materials are highly effective in improving students’ numeracy skills through contextual and engaging problem-based learning experiences.

Is Newa The Answer to North Badung Tourism Development?

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Badung has many tourism destinations and cultures that are the mainstay of Bali tourism. Measuring from the Gross Regional Domestic Product, it can be said that this Regency is the largest economic contributor in the tourism sector. The existence of the COVID-19 Pandemic has caused the downfall of various sectors, including the tourism industry. Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2020 concerning Strengthening the Tourism Sector Program of Badung Regency aims to increase the competitiveness of tourism in synergy with cross-sectors. This policy is expected to increase innovative tourism development and provide welfare for communities around tourist destinations.

This research was conducted in the northern region of Badung Regency using qualitative methods with qualitative data types that use purposive sampling as a way to obtain appropriate research informants. There are data sources in the form of primary data sourced from the results of in-depth interviews and observations and secondary data sources derived from policy documents, scientific articles and reports.

The results of this study indicate that strengthening development in Badung Regency can be seen from its shortcomings and advantages through the policy implementation process. The northern Badung region, which is still far below the southern Badung region, requires better coordination with other stakeholders, especially with the implementation of NEWA-based tourism that is in accordance with tourism development in this region.

The Influence of Work Discipline, Leadership Style, and Procedural Justice on the Performance of Employees of the Regional Environmental Agency of Karanganyar Regional

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This study aims to examine the extent to which work discipline, leadership style, and procedural justice influence the performance of employees at the Environmental Agency of Karanganyar Regency. A quantitative approach with a survey method was employed, involving the entire population of 84 employees as the research sample. Primary data were gathered through questionnaires completed by all respondents, supported by field observations as part of the data collection techniques. The results reveal that each variable work discipline, leadership style, and procedural justice—has a positive and significant individual impact on employee performance. Collectively, these three variables also contribute significantly to performance improvement, accounting for 60.7% of the variation in employee performance. Further analysis indicates that work discipline has the most substantial influence. Therefore, it is recommended that the Environmental Agency of Karanganyar consistently enforce discipline policies and provide regular training to enhance employee performance.