Effect of Nutrition on Children Academic Performance in Pre-Schools in Sironko District

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The study assessed the effect of nutrition on children academic performance in pre-schools in Sironko Town Council, Sironko District. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to determine the effect of diet on children academic performance in pre-schools in Sironko District, establish the effect of frequency of feeding on children academic performance in pre-schools in Sironko District and to determine the effect of parental knowledge on nutrition on children academic performance in pre-schools in Sironko District. The study was carried out using a cross-sectional survey design where both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used. Simple random sampling was used to select 60 respondents from Sironko Town Council, Sironko District and convenient sampling was used to select 10 pre-schools that had school feeding programs. The study found out that 65.2% of the respondents acknowledged that the schools provided meals that were balanced and 34.8% of the respondents acknowledged that schools provided meals that were not balanced. 80% of the respondents also believed that nutrition has a significant effect on children academic performance in pre-schools in Sironko District. Results also indicated that nutrition-related factors have a profound and statistically significant effect on preschool children’s academic performance. For the first objective, children with a balanced diet performed far better (M = 3.60) than those without (M = 1.66), t (215) = 25.07, p < 0.001, with a very large effect size (d = 3.99). This confirms that diet is a enhances learners academic performance in pre-schools in Sironko District.

Exploring the influences of English songs on EFL juniors’ listening skill development at Nguyen Tat Thanh University

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This study mainly investigated the influences of English songs on EFL juniors’ listening skill development at Nguyen Tat Thanh University. The study aimed to determine whether English songs would enhance students’ listening comprehension, the benefits of English songs on their listening skill improvement, learning experiences with English songs, and some challenges of English songs on the listening skill development. The study used quantitative and qualitative methods through the questionnaire and in-depth interviews. The results showed that students’ listening skills had improved significantly. Through English songs, students were able to improve many other abilities, including better vocabulary recognition, better understanding of different accents, and improved comprehension of spoken English in a more natural way. The study found that English songs were an effective supplementary tool in EFL listening instruction and recommended that they should be incorporated into curriculum to help university-level learners have more enjoyable and authentic language learning experiences.

The Relationship of Knowledge About Covid-19 with the Behavior of Preventing the Danger of Covid-19 on Traders at The Oesapa Market, Kupang City

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Background: The World Health Organization or WHO announced that, on December 31, 2019 there was a cluster case of pneumonia with an unknown etiology or cause in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Until February 11, 2020, WHO officially announced the name of this new virus, namely Covid-19 or coronavirus disease 2019. To reduce the spread of Covid-19, it is very necessary to have good knowledge about Covid-19. Knowledge about Covid-19 is very important during a pandemic like this, so when our knowledge is good, preventive behavior against the dangers of Covid-19 is also good and thus will reduce the number of additional Covid-19 patients. Good Covid-19 prevention behavior is an action that a person takes to prevent the danger of contracting Covid-19 such as wearing a mask, washing hands, keeping a distance, staying away from crowds, and reducing mobility.

Research Objectives: Analyzing the relationship between knowledge about Covid- 19 and the behavior of preventing the danger of Covid-19 on traders at the Oesapa Market, Kupang City..

Research Method: This research used descriptive analytic research with cross sectional. Sampling using the technique of acidental sample and obtained 40 research subjects.

Results: From the test results using the Contingency C test, there is no relationship between knowledge about Covid-19 and the behavior of preventing the danger of Covid-19, namely with a p value =0.291.

Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between knowledge about Covid- 19 and the behavior of preventing the danger of Covid-19 on traders at the Oesapa Market, Kupang City.

The Effect of Knee Injury and Sedentary Behavior on the Incidence of Knee Osteoarthritis at Muhammadiyah Metro General Hospital

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Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative joint diseases found in adults and the elderly. This disease causes pain, stiffness, limited movement, and impacts the quality of life of sufferers. The risk factors for osteoarthritis are multifactorial, but among the modifiable factors, a history of knee injury and sedentary behavior are of particular concern because they have been shown to contribute to the onset of osteoarthritis. This study aims to determine the relationship between a history of knee injury and sedentary behavior with the incidence of knee osteoarthritis at Muhammadiyah Metro General Hospital. The study design is an observational analysis with a case-control approach. The sample consisted of 152 respondents, comprising 76 cases (patients with knee osteoarthritis) and 76 controls (patients without knee osteoarthritis). Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires and medical record reviews. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test with odds ratio (OR) calculations and 95% confidence intervals. A total of 38.2% of respondents had a history of knee injury and 12.5% had sedentary behavior. The test results showed a significant relationship between a history of knee injury and the incidence of knee osteoarthritis (p = 0.000; OR = 6.089; 95% CI: 2.913–12.729). In addition, sedentary behavior was also significantly associated with the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis (p = 0.000; OR = 23.276; 95% CI: 3.019–179.476). This study shows that a history of knee injury and sedentary behavior are significant risk factors for the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis in patients at Muhammadiyah Metro General Hospital.

Organizational Culture Transformation Towards Inclusive Development in Timor Leste: Dynamics of Equalizing Social and Cultural Development

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This topic is a significant part of my dissertation research which reviews the Transformation of Organizational Culture in the Environment of the Ministry of Social Affairs, Solidarity, and Inclusion in Timor-Leste. This discussion aims to; 1) describe in detail the Transformation of Organizational Culture in the Environment of the Ministry of Social Affairs, Solidarity, and Inclusion in Timor-Leste, and 2) reveal how the important role of this ministry in its efforts for development in Timor-Leste. The research was conducted with a descriptive qualitative approach by utilizing the theory of transformation principles introduced by Bernand Bass (1985). Improvement of an institution can only be done by recognizing the organizational culture that applies in the organization or institution, namely the Ministry of Social Affairs, Solidarity, and Inclusion. As a large organization that oversees a number of social offices under it, this ministry functions not only as a reference institution but also as a role model institution for organizations under it throughout the country. The results of this study indicate that change is the impact of development to improve the welfare of the Timorese people so that equitable social resilience is created. Organizational culture transformation is by establishing core values that must be understood together, under inspiring leadership, providing recognition and appreciation (reward system), training and development (capacity quality improvement), and building a solid team.

Client-Auditor Relationship: Challenges and Ethical Dilemmas in Vietnam

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This study examines the challenges and ethical dilemmas that auditors face in maintaining independence in Vietnam, addressing a gap in previous research, which has primarily focused on quantitative studies. The study aims to explore how client pressure, conflicts of interest, and cultural norms influence the integrity of audits and to identify the strategies auditors use to navigate these challenges. Using a qualitative research approach, based on 36 semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions, the findings reveal significant challenges and ethical dilemmas in the client-auditor relationship in Vietnam, including client pressure to modify audit opinions, conflicts of interest, and ethical concerns related to gifts and hospitality. These issues threaten auditor independence, particularly for smaller audit firms. The results highlight the need for stricter regulatory oversight, enhanced ethical education, and firm-level policies to safeguard audit quality and professional integrity in Vietnam’s evolving financial landscape.

Review of Chemical Kinetics in Oxidation Reactions Involving Thallium (III) and Polymer-Supported Chromium (VI) in Acidic Media

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The results of multiple kinetic and mechanistic studies on the oxidation of alcohols and hydrazides using polymer-supported chromium(VI) and thorium(III) in acidic conditions are summarized in this study. These investigations reveal the underlying reaction orders, thermodynamic parameters, mechanistic routes, and variables such as pH, solvent polarity, dielectric constant, and chloride concentration. Cr(VI)-supported systems function with zero-order kinetics, whereas Tl(III)-mediated oxidations follow non-radical routes, including the creation of intermediate complexes. The paper emphasizes the importance of precisely manipulating reaction parameters in providing valuable insights into the chemical kinetics of redox systems, utilizing polymer-supported chromium (VI) and thorium (III) in acidic conditions, which are summarized.

The Cult of Resilience and Sustainability or The Crisis of Human Emancipation: Exploration and Analytical Inferences of nowadays VET through the lens of Marcuse’s Critical Theory

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This article critically examines the prevailing utilitarian orientation of Vocational Education and Training (VET) in the discourse of resistance and sustainability that impose a cult of Vocationalism through the lens of Herbert Marcuse’s critical theory. It explores how the systemic influence of technological rationality, reinforced by marketdriven imperatives, stabilize steadily a conformist, one-dimensional society that suppresses critical consciousness and human emancipation. Centralizing on key concepts such as false needs, reification, and repressive tolerance, the analysis reveals how current VET practices often serve to reproduce systemic domination under the well-intentioned guise of neutrality, resilience, sustainability and efficiency. The article appeals for a transformative reimagining of VET—one that moves beyond instrumental skills to profoundly cultivate critical reflection, democratic engagement, and human dignity. The integration philosophical and ethical inquiry into curricula, promoting learner agency, and encouraging normative questioning of technological and societal systems, a liberatory and purified of cliché model of VET can be realized—aimed not solely at labour market integration but at breeding autonomous individuals capable of remodelling the shape of a more just and realistically sustainable future.

Relationship between Work Posture and Musculoskeletal Disorders among Farmers in North Metro, Lampung Province

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Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a high prevalence health problem in the farming population with a significant impact on productivity and quality of life. This study aims to analyze the relationship between work posture and the risk of MSDs complaints in farmers in North Metro District, Lampung Province. This study used a cross-sectional design with quantitative analysis conducted in April-July 2025 on 329 farmers in North Metro District using stratified random sampling technique. The research instruments included Nordic Body Maps for MSDs screening and Anthropometric Workplace Biomechanical Assessment questionnaire for work posture assessment. The results of the Nordic Body Maps questionnaire showed 41.3% of respondents experienced a high risk of MSDs with a homogeneous distribution of complaints in all anatomical segments. Non-ergonomic work postures were mostly in the slightly high category (45.6%). The analysis showed that there was a relationship between work posture and the risk of MSDs complaints ((p-value <0.005, OR 68.933, 95% CI 26.521-179.171)). Comprehensive interventions through ergonomic modifications, optimal posture education, and lifestyle management are needed to mitigate the prevalence of MSDs in the farming population.

Road Management Policy Formulation Strategy for Sustainable Development

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This study is a discussion of development in the perspective of the Provincial Road Management System (PRMS) which is closely related to the formulation of government policies. The strategy for formulating road management policies for sustainable development involves various aspects that are integrated with other aspects such as economic, social, and environmental. This includes planning, construction, and maintenance of efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly roads, and involves community participation. This study is formulated with two main objectives; 1) formulating the form of road management policy formulation for sustainable development, and 2) outlining the strategy for managing sustainable road development and having an impact on the community. Based on these two objectives, the relevant approach used is the Provincial Road Management System (PRMS). This study uses a literature review method with a descriptive analysis by applying the Theory of Sustainable Development by Gro Harlem Brundtland. The results of this study indicate that there are at least nine points, namely, Spatial Planning, Sustainable Road Development, Sustainable Road Management, Community Participation, Increasing Public Awareness, Public Transportation Development, Technology Application, Local Industry Development, and Environmental Impact Control. Road management policies for sustainable development need to be formulated early with various considerations in order to produce an optimal formulation that can be used for road management, especially for sustainable regional development.