Development of Learning Tools Based on the Outdoor Learning Mathematics Project Model on Social Arithmetic Topics to Improve Students’ Numeracy Skills

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Numeracy is one of the essential competencies that students need to solve mathematical problems in real-life situations. However, many junior high school students still experience difficulties in applying mathematical concepts to contextual problems because classroom instruction is predominantly teacher-centered and less connected to authentic learning experiences. Therefore, innovative learning devices integrating the Outdoor Learning Mathematics Project (OLMP) model are needed to promote meaningful learning and improve students’ numeracy skills. This study aimed to develop OLMP-based learning devices on Social Arithmetic material that are valid, practical, and effective in improving junior high school students’ numeracy skills. This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the modified Four-D (4D) model consisting of the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages. The developed products included teaching modules, student worksheets (LKPD), numeracy test instruments, and a teacher guidebook. The subjects consisted of Grade VII students of SMP Argopuro Panti, Jember. Data were collected through expert validation, classroom observations, questionnaires, interviews, and pretest–posttest numeracy tests. Data analysis included validity, practicality, effectiveness, N-Gain, normality, and independent sample t-test analyses. The developed learning devices achieved a validity score above 3.75 (very valid), a practicality level of 96.5%, and positive responses from students (97%). Students’ learning activities reached 92%, while classical numeracy mastery achieved 86%. Furthermore, the independent sample t-test revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05), indicating that the OLMP model significantly improved students’ numeracy skills. The OLMP-based learning devices are valid, practical, and effective for mathematics instruction on Social Arithmetic and significantly enhance junior high school students’ numeracy skills through authentic outdoor learning experiences.

Community-Based Diagnostic Strategies to Reduce New Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Babakan Village, Indonesia

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Tuberculosis of the lungs (TB) is a persistent infectious condition that arises when the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis establishes itself in the body. Although the lungs are typically the first site affected, the infection can migrate to various organs and produce non-pulmonary forms of TB. The illness spreads when tiny particles containing the bacteria are released into the air during activities such as speaking, coughing, or sneezing. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2023), an estimated 10.8 million new cases and about 1.25 million deaths were attributed to TB globally. Indonesia continues to face a substantial burden from pulmonary TB, ranking among the top three countries with the greatest number of cases (Ministry of Health, 2023). In the service area of the Legok Health Center, 111 individuals were recorded as having pulmonary TB, with Babakan Village reporting the highest count at 20 cases. Community assessment utilized the Blum Paradigm and incorporated findings from a mini survey. Priority issues were determined through the non-scoring Delphi technique, and underlying causes were explored using a fishbone diagram. To help address the TB burden in the community, a health education session was delivered and evaluated with pre- and post-test questionnaires. All 20 participants scored below 70 before the session, while most attained scores of 70 or higher afterward.

Exploring Employability Skills and Career Success through the Lived Experiences of Geology Graduates across Diverse Career Pathways

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Graduate employability has become an important indicator of higher education quality as graduates are increasingly expected to demonstrate transferable competencies that support career development across diverse employment contexts. This study aims to explore how employability skills contribute to career success among geology graduates working in both geology-related and non-geology sectors through the lens of Career Construction Theory. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed to examine the lived experiences of seven geology graduates from Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Pakistan. Participants were purposively selected based on their graduation year, professional experience, and employment background. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s six-phase thematic analysis. The findings revealed that communication, teamwork, adaptability and continuous learning, problem-solving, and professional responsibility were the key employability skills supporting career success across different occupational contexts. Graduates employed in geology-related sectors combined technical expertise with transferable employability skills to achieve career progression, whereas graduates working in non-geology sectors relied primarily on transferable competencies to facilitate career transition and establish sustainable careers. Career success was perceived as a multidimensional construct encompassing both objective outcomes, such as career advancement and employment stability, and subjective outcomes, including professional satisfaction, personal growth, and meaningful work. This study extends Career Construction Theory by demonstrating that employability skills function as adaptive career resources whose contribution to career success varies according to occupational context. The findings provide practical insights for higher education institutions, employers, and policymakers seeking to strengthen graduate employability through the integration of transferable competencies with discipline-specific education.

Defragmenting Student’s Thinking Structures with Logical Errors in Solving STEAM-Based Geometry Problems through the Scaffolding Building Blocks Strategy

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The purpose of this study was to investigate how Scaffolding Building Blocks facilitates the defragmentation of students’ thinking structures characterized by logical errors in solving STEAM-based geometry problems. This study employed a qualitative descriptive design involving one ninth-grade student selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through a STEAM-based geometry problem-solving test, task-based semi-structured interviews, and documentation of students’ written work. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was ensured trough methodological triangulation. The findings indicate that the student’s logical errors did not stem from a lack of conceptual understanding, but from fragmented relationship among mathematical concept during problem solving. The student relied on intuitive selection of arithmetic operations, which resulted in incoherent reasoning chains across solution stages. The implementation of Scaffolding Building Blocks enabled the student to reconstruct conceptual relationships trough concrete geometric representations and guided questioning. This process progressively shifted the student’s thinking from fragmented and intuition-driven reasoning toward coherent, structured, and logically consistent problem-solving. The study concludes that Scaffolding Building Blocks is effective in facilitating the defragmentation of students’ thinking structures by reorganizing conceptual relationships in STEAM-based geometry problem solving. Beyond improving solution accuracy, the strategy promotes the reconstruction of logical reasoning structures, offering a pedagogically meaningful approach to addressing students’ logical errors in mathematics learning.

Implementation of the Modeling Reading Method Assisted by Big Book Media to Improve Early Reading Skills of Second-Grade Elementary School

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This study aimed to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the modeling reading method supported by Big Book media in improving the early reading skills of second-grade students during the second semester of the 2025/2026 academic year in the Indonesian Language subject, Theme 7: Affection. One of the contributing factors was the limited use of instructional media, which mainly relied on standard textbooks and less varied reading methods. The participants of this classroom action research were second-grade students of Pakel 01 State Elementary School, Gucialit District, Lumajang Regency.The findings showed that the implementation of the modeling reading method assisted by Big Book media significantly improved students’ early reading skills, as evidenced by classroom observations and test results in each cycle. During the pre-cycle, out of 13 students, 3 demonstrated excellent reading fluency, 7 showed good reading fluency, and 3 required additional guidance. In Cycle I, 5 students demonstrated excellent reading fluency, 6 showed good reading fluency, and 2 still required guidance. In Cycle II, 6 students demonstrated excellent reading fluency, 6 showed good reading fluency, and only 1 student required guidance. The test results also indicated continuous improvement. The average score increased from 71 in the pre-cycle, with 9 students requiring guidance, to 75 in Cycle I, with 7 students requiring guidance, and finally reached 83 in Cycle II, with only 4 students requiring guidance.Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the implementation of the modeling reading method supported by Big Book media effectively improved the early reading skills of second-grade students during the second semester of the 2025/2026 academic year at Pakel 01 State Elementary School.

From Individual Contributor to First-Line Manager in Indian CROs: Direct Reports’ Perspectives in Centralized Clinical Research Teams

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The transition from Individual Contributor (IC) to First-Line Manager (FLM) represents a critical career milestone in the highly regulated Indian clinical research sector. Within centralized operational models such as Centralized Monitoring and electronic Trial Master File (eTMF) oversight, FLMs are required to balance technical compliance demands with effective people leadership. Despite the strategic importance of these roles, empirical research capturing direct reports’ perspectives remains limited. This study adopted a qualitative approach informed by grounded theory principles to explore how direct reports perceive managerial behaviors, effectiveness, and challenges in centralized teams. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine professionals (n = 9) working across centralized functions in Indian contract research organizations (CROs). Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method to identify recurring patterns in the manager–report relationship. The findings indicate a clear contrast in leadership experiences. Positive direct report perceptions were associated with relational trust, psychological safety, consistent communication, and empowerment. In contrast, negative experiences were linked to technical credibility gaps, communication breakdowns, and perceived favoritism. Reporting duration emerged as an important contextual factor: shorter reporting tenures reflected greater tolerance for managerial learning curves, whereas longer tenures without visible developmental progress were associated with frustration and reduced morale. The study highlights that FLM effectiveness in centralized clinical research teams is a developmental process shaped by relational competence and organizational support. By foregrounding psychological safety as an important enabler of trust and team resilience, this study contributes a bottom‑up perspective to leadership literature within the clinical research industry and offers practical insights for designing interventions that strengthen communication, fairness, and psychologically safe team environments during early managerial transitions.

Floating solar photovoltaics in Greece. A SWOT analysis

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Floating solar photovoltaics is an emerging solar energy technology which allows the installation of solar photovoltaic systems on the surface of water bodies. It has several advantages and drawbacks compared to ground-mounted solar photovoltaics. There are many applications worldwide while the majority of them are located in Asia. Greece has abundant solar energy resources while many solar photovoltaic systems are installed on the ground and on rooftop of buildings. However, there are not currently installations of floating solar photovoltaics in the country. SWOT analysis is a strategic management tool which helps organizations to assess their internal capabilities and the external environment for making rational decisions for the future. The current study investigates the possibility of developing floating solar photovoltaic systems in Greece using SWOT analysis. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in developing these innovative solar energy systems in Greece have been identified. Our results could facilitate the promotion of this emerging benign energy technology in Greece removing the existing barriers which hinder their deployment. The findings could be used from policy makers, local authorities and renewable energy companies which are involved in the development of renewable energy systems generating green electricity in the country.

Buddhist Ethical Values and Transformations in the Practice of Mother Goddess Worship of the Three Palaces in Contemporary Hanoi

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This article examines the role of Buddhist ethical values, including compassion, karma, merit-making, moral self-cultivation, right faith, and moderation, in orienting the contemporary transformations of Mother Goddess Worship of the Three Palaces in Hanoi. Drawing on an interdisciplinary approach that combines religious studies, cultural studies, and ethics, the article uses document analysis, qualitative synthesis of recent field-based studies, and comparative interpretation of ritual spaces, ritual performances, and practitioners’ perceptions. The findings show that Buddhism influences Mother Goddess Worship not only at the doctrinal level but also as an ethical and legitimizing framework that helps practitioners regulate behavior, solemnize ritual practice, restrain commercialization, and strengthen humanistic and communal values. The Buddhist-Mother Goddess convergence in Hanoi should therefore not be understood as a one-way process of Buddhistization. Rather, it is a dynamic process of reception, selection, and reinterpretation by practitioner communities amid urbanization, heritage revival, and changes in contemporary spiritual life.

The Importance of Diagnostic Vigilance Amid Cultural Barriers in Pediatric Oncology: A Case of Atypical B-ALL

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Pediatric cancers have the ability to spread rapidly, however, they also respond well to chemotherapy, and can have incredible success rates when diagnosis and intervention are implemented early. This case report describes an unusual presentation of B-ALL in a patient whose treatment was initially delayed due to barriers of cultural origin. The child initially presented with high fevers and vomiting, with mild abdominal distention and tenderness. With concern for sepsis or the need for surgical intervention, the pediatrician urged the family to proceed to a tertiary care center for further workup. The family felt these processes were unnecessary and felt that he would recover at home with over-the-counter medications. As the boy remained ill, emergency care was sought, and further investigations revealed a diagnosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. With this case report, we examine the importance of diagnostic vigilance amongst physicians to ensure a prompt and accurate diagnosis, while remaining mindful of cultural factors that may complicate clinical assessment and compliance.

Enhancing Customer Satisfaction through Talent Management and Innovative Work Behavior: The Mediating Role of Operational Performance in Reducing Lightning-Induced Claims in a Telecommunication Tower Company

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This study examines the effect of talent management and innovative work behavior on customer satisfaction through operational performance in reducing lightning-induced claims at XYZ Company in Area 1 Sumatra. A quantitative approach with a causal and cross-sectional research design was employed. The population consisted of 11,260 operational sites, from which 400 sites were selected using the Slovin formula. The unit of analysis was the operational site, while the units of observation included managerial representatives and customer representatives. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measured on a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). The results show that talent management has a positive and significant effect on operational performance and innovative work behavior. Operational performance also has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. However, innovative work behavior does not directly affect operational performance or customer satisfaction. The direct effect of talent management on customer satisfaction is significant but negative, indicating that internal talent practices do not automatically improve customer satisfaction unless they are translated into better operational outcomes. Furthermore, operational performance significantly mediates the relationship between talent management, innovative work behavior, and customer satisfaction. These findings emphasize that customer satisfaction in lightning-induced claim management is more effectively improved through reliable operational performance supported by strong talent management and structured innovation practices.