Articles

Exploring the Current Structure of the Business Ecosystem in the Indonesian Travel Agency Subsector

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The wave of digital transformation has shaken the foundations of Indonesia’s tourism industry, disrupting long-established structures and forcing the travel agency subsector to adapt, evolve, or risk obsolescence. This study explores the current structure of the business ecosystem within Indonesia’s travel agency subsector. Using a qualitative approach, data were gathered through document analysis, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs) with key stakeholders. The analysis adopts a business ecosystem perspective to map actors, relationships, and value flows shaping the ecosystem’s structure. Findings reveal a diverse range of interdependent actors. Central and local governments act as regulators and funders. Academia contributes research and human resource development, while associations foster networking and training. Investors assess regulatory clarity and risks before committing capital. Media influence tourism perceptions and share industry news. Suppliers provide core services such as transport and accommodation. Both conventional and online travel agents bridge tourists and suppliers. Local communities offer cultural experiences and products, with tourists forming the ecosystem’s core through their consumption, data, and engagement. This study offers contextual insights into the ecosystem’s current landscape and serves as a foundation for developing adaptive, collaborative strategies to strengthen Indonesia’s tourism sector in the future.

The Use of Chat GPT for the Assessment of the Tourism Industry in the Island of Crete, Greece: A SWOT Analysis

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Artificial intelligence and the language model Chat GPT have increasing uses in several sectors including the tourism industry. The island of Crete, Greece is a popular global tourism destination with a flourishing tourism industry. Chat GPT has been used for the assessment of the island’s tourism industry according to SWOT methodology. The responses of the abovementioned language model regarding the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of tourism industry in Crete have been analyzed and it was found that they were adequate and satisfactory. Chat GPT has identified the internal advantages and vulnerabilities of tourism industry in the island as well as the opportunities and risks imposed by the external environment. The results given by Chat GPT were in accordance with the views of tourism experts and tourism stakeholders indicating that artificial intelligence can be used supplementarily to human analysis in the tourism sector. The results of the current study and the responses of Chat GPT can be used by policy makers and tourism stakeholders in Crete for the development of rational and effective policies regarding the future of the local tourism industry.