Articles

The Effect of Substituting Concentrate with Different Levels of Gliricidia sepium Leaves in a Complete Feed on Nutrient Content, Crude Fiber Fractions, Digestibility, and In Vitro Fermentation Products

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of substituting concentrate with different levels of Gliricidia (Gamal) leaves in a complete feed on nutrient content, fiber fractions, digestibility, and fermentation products through in vitro analysis, as well as to determine the optimal level of Gliricidia leaf inclusion for producing high-quality complete feed. The method used in this study was a field experimental method for feed preparation, employing a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to analyze nutrient content, crude fiber fraction components, and in vitro observation variables with four treatments and four replications. The highest NDF and ADF contents were observed in the control diet (P0), at 41.49% and 25.21%, respectively, while the lowest values were found in the P3 treatment, at 26.08% and 21.60%. Based on the analysis of variance, the dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) showed significant differences (P<0.01), with the P3 treatment having the highest values of 66.34% and 71.43%, respectively. Gas production from the 2nd to the 48th hour showed significant differences (P<0.01). The treatment diets showed a significant effect (P<0.01) on DMD and OMD, with the highest values in P3 (75.88% and 82.79%). Ammonia (NH₃) concentration measurements also showed significant differences (P<0.01). The results of microbial protein synthesis measurement after 48 hours of incubation showed a P-value > 0.05, with the highest value observed in treatment P3 at 44.024 g N/kg OMTR.

Technical Evaluation of the Utilization of Moringa Leaf Flour in Substituting Commercial Feed for Pigs

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This study aims to determine the effect of commercial complete feed substitution with moringa leaf flour on feed consumption, water consumption, and weight gain in pig farmers. This study is also expected to produce useful scientific information in the development of more economical and sustainable feed formulas for pig farmers. In addition, it can support efforts to diversify quality local feed ingredients to reduce dependence on imported commercial feed. The materials used were 12 male castrated landrace pigs aged 3-5 months with an initial body weight ranging from 38-55 kg, an average of 45.17 (CV = 13.31%). This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments with each treatment repeated 3 times so that there were 12 experimental units. The treatments were P0: 100% commercial complete feed, P1: 90% commercial complete feed + 10% moringa leaf flour; P2: 85% commercial complete feed + 15% moringa leaf flour; P3: 80% commercial complete feed + 20% moringa leaf flour. The data obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed using the ANOVA analysis of variance procedure using IBM SPSS 21 software. The results of the study showed that the substitution of commercial complete feed with moringa leaf flour up to 20% had no significant effect (p>0.05) on ration consumption, water consumption and daily weight gain. This study concludes that moringa leaf flour can substitute 20% of commercial complete feed in pig farmers’ pigs.