Articles

Motivations and Barriers to Internationalization and the Impact of Exports on Business Performance in the Portuguese Food Sector

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This study examines the impact of exports on the performance of Portuguese food sector firms, considering the mediating role of export intensity between internationalization motivations, barriers and business performance. Data were collected from 312 surveys and complemented with secondary data from Informa D&B. Exploratory factor analysis and multiple linear regression were employed.Proactive and market-driven motivations, as well as capacity-based motivations, drive internationalization. However, only capacity-based motivations are positively associated with firm performance. Market and political risks act as barriers to internationalization, exerting negative effects. Extra-EU exports contribute positively to performance, while intra-EU exports have a negative effect. The econometric model estimates that a 1% increase in export intensity is associated with a 7.2% increase in ROA (p < 0.05). Firms should strengthen internal capabilities and target extra-EU markets. This study identifies specific drivers and barriers to internationalization in the Portuguese food sector, highlighting intra vs extra EU export effects.

Risk Management Assessment at Primary Health Clinic to Support Quality Improvement

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The rapid increase in population provides opportunities for businesses in the health sector to develop. Health workers began to look for profits and channel self-actualization by opening primary clinics. However, in running the primary clinic business, the owner faces obstacles in managing risk at the Primary Clinic because there are no guidelines for carrying out risk management at the clinic. Based on this premise, the research respondents were primary clinic owners in the city of Bandung. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire containing the type of clinic, clinic age, turnover per month, average number of patients per day, risk awareness, application of risk management, and statements related to risk management and quality of health services. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistical method, and hypothesis testing with multiple linear regression. This hypothesis test proves that risk management can support the improvement of the quality of health services with value of R square 75,9%. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a solution to increase awareness of the clinic owner about risk management by building a risk culture in the Primary Clinic entity. In addition, procedures for carrying out risk assessments are carried out starting from determining the context in the primary clinic, identifying non-medical risks, analyzing, evaluating, to determining mitigation activities. After that, strategic initiatives and monitoring plans are determined because risk management is a long-term and continuous process to support business processes and improve the quality of health services.