Articles

Vaccination and Immunization as Perceived by Badjao Parents in Surigao City, Philippines

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Health authorities in the Philippines are tackling emerging infectious diseases among Filipino children by implementing precautionary measures, with a focus on strengthening immune systems. The cornerstone of their efforts is the 40-year-old Expanded Immunization Program (EPI), a key initiative by the Department of Health. This descriptive quantitative study aimed to inspire provision for Filipino children with safe vaccinations, addressing diseases like measles, diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough. The EPI has significantly reduced death and morbidity rates associated with preventable diseases. This study delves into the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and confidence among Badjao parents in Barangay Canlanipa, Surigao City, regarding children’s vaccination and immunization. The methodology included the utilization of researcher-made questionnaires and statistical tools such as the Frequency Count and Percentage, Mean and Standard Deviation, and Chi-Square Test. The study highlighted that despite challenges such as limited education and socioeconomic factors, many Badjao parents prioritized their children’s vaccination and immunization. However, the study revealed disparities in knowledge and confidence levels, emphasizing the need for targeted information campaigns. The study recommends targeted programs to promote the EPI’s benefits among the Badjao community and urges health authorities to conduct information drives. It also suggests exploring how personal experiences, like family illnesses, affect vaccination decisions. The study ultimately provides valuable insights for local stakeholders, healthcare providers, and future researchers, highlighting the importance of vaccination and immunization for children’s health.

Factors Influencing the Participation of Mothers with Toddlers Aged 2-12 Months in the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Program in Metro, Lampung, Indonesia

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Pneumonia (pneumonitis) is an infectious disease that often attacks children under five. One way to prevent and control pneumonia cases is through the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) immunization program targeting toddlers aged two months to 12 months. However, the achievement of Universal Child Immunization (UCI) in Metro Lampung, Indonesia, is below the target. This research aims to determine the factors that influence the participation of mothers of toddlers aged 2-12 months in the PCV immunization program. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 208 patients with mothers of toddlers aged 2-12 months in the PCV immunization program in Metro Lampung, Indonesia, from July to October 2023. Variable measurements were carried out using a questionnaire. The chi-square test and logistic regression were used for data analysis. The research results show that factors that have a significant influence on the participation of mothers of toddlers aged 2-12 months in the PCV program are knowledge (OR= 7.32; 95% CI= 3.38-18.85), family support OR=6, 71; 95% CI=3.09-14.57) and exposure to information media (OR=4.28; 95% CI=1.94-9.42). Mothers with toddlers aged 2-12 months should participate in the PCV program to prevent pneumonia in children.

The Results of Vaccination and Reversed After Vaccination of Coronavirus Infection in Fergana Region for 2021–2022

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In this study, an analysis of the incidence of COVID–19 in the Fergana region was carried out, the number of vaccinated vaccination coverage and those who recovered after vaccination with COVID–19 was determined. The incidence was studied for the period from March 2020 to 2022. Since vaccination began in 2021, we analyzed those vaccinated and recovered from 2021 to 2022. The dynamics of the incidence of COVID–19 in the Fergana region was undulating. During the surveyed period, the intensive indicator of the incidence of COVID–19 was as follows: in the city of Fergana (887.6), Kuvasay–1169.5, Kuva–995, Sokh–737.2, Yazyavan–781, Altiarik–610.1, Fergana–472 cases per 100,000 populations. During this period, more than 7 million doses of COVID–19 vaccines were administered, and no side effects of the vaccines used were observed among those vaccinated.

Proposed Marketing Strategy to Increase the Awareness of Bulan Imunisasi Anak Nasional (BIAN) in Bandung City

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Bulan Imunisasi Anak Nasional or BIAN is an Health Ministry of Republic Indonesia program that aims to enhance the children’s health by immunize them with a mass Complete Immunization and Follow-Up Immunization in Indonesia especially for the children that did not have immunize yet since the pandemic in 2020. Bandung City which is included in West Java Province has the lowest coverage of BIAN Immunization among the other City/Districts in West Java.

This research is aimed to figure out what factors affected the low coverage of BIAN Immunization in Bandung City and analyze the situation regarding the field report in the implementation phase and how to solve it by applying better strategies in upcoming BIAN events. The analysis that was conducted are External and Internal Analysis to find what factors that related to the issue. In the External Analysis, the author uses Customer Analysis, Stakeholder Analysis, and PESTEL Analysis to indicate any external factors that affected the low coverage of BIAN Immunization. In the Internal Analysis, the author uses Tangible Analysis, Intangible Analysis, and Interview Data from stakeholders that hold the event. There are several findings in External and Internal Analysis especially in Advertisement and Public Relation became the strong factor that affected the main issue because of low awareness of the target audience. From several analyses and the findings, there are four proposed strategies to increase the awareness of the target audience to participate in the event to enhance the coverage of the immunization in Bandung City. The first one is improvement in Public Relation strategy that needs to be more organized and comprehensive especially with external parties. The second strategy is improvement in Advertisement strategy, especially in social media activation and Advocacy Advertisement. The third strategy is collaboration with brands that have a strong family image in the health sector. The fourth strategy is initiation in having Key Opinion (KOL) as the face of BIAN in Bandung City. In academic recommendation, the next author should consider the current situation of the target audience especially in their awareness towards the event and the current coverage of the immunization.

Awareness on Immunization Schedule among Nursing Students

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Introduction: Immunization is the process of including the immunity in an individual against an infection organism or agent, through the vaccination. It stimulates immune system (either humeral or cell mediated) to generate specific protection against an infection agent. Vaccine may be prepared from live modified organism, inactivated or killed organism, toxics, or combination of these. The immune system protects an individual against invasion by foreign bodies, specifically microbial agent and their toxoid product.

Design: The analysis of data was done by descriptive and inferential statistics.

Tool: using a simple random sampling technique.

Sample size: The sample size was 45.

Result: That between age and knowledge level 21 to 22 years of students had adequate (100%) knowledge, between source of information and knowledge level family member has adequate (57.14) knowledge, between area of residence and knowledge level are English language had adequate (50%) knowledge, between parents education and knowledge level 12th pass has adequate (44.74%) knowledge, between course of study and knowledge level GNM students had adequate (66.67) knowledge on immunization schedule. The study result show that knowledge score on immunization for average mean is 12.62 and standard deviations is 5.18.