Articles

Investment Portfolio Optimization in Indonesia (Study On: Lq-45 Stock Index, Government Bond, United States Dollar, Gold and Bitcoin)

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In forming their portfolios, investors should analyze the risk and return of each investment instrument. This is aimed at preventing investors from speculating and gambling with their investments. Conducting an investment portfolio optimization study on LQ-45 stock index, government bond, USD, gold, and Bitcoin can provide valuable insights due to unique market characteristics in Indonesia. This research analyzes the formation of investment instruments over the last 60 months, specifically from January 2018 to December 2022. The research method used in this study is quantitative research aimed at selecting several investment instruments for a portfolio in Indonesia. The portfolio aims to minimize risk and maximize return using the Markowitz method, also known as the optimal portfolio. To fulfill the objectives of this research, data on the prices of each instrument are required. An optimal portfolio can be obtained by combining two instruments: 18% bitcoin and 82% gold. This optimal portfolio can achieve an expected return of 1.29% with a risk level of 5.15%. Considering a risk-free rate of 0.375%, this portfolio forms a slope of 0.1775, which is the largest slope formed between the combination of risk-free instruments and risky portfolios. Investors should allocate their funds more wisely, considering not only the highest return but also the associated risk. High returns often come with high risks, so investors need to assess the risk-return trade-off before making investment decisions.

Features of Geological Structure and Mineragenic Specialization of Sheikhdzheyli-Zengiboba of the Sultan-Uvais Ridge Area

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The productive mineralization of the Sheikhdzheili-Zengiboba area is associated with metamorphogenic transformations of the rocks of the Urusai, Karauzyak, Kuyanchik, Sheikhdzheili suites, metamorphosed under conditions of green schist facies. The mineralized zones of the site are confined to narrow faults in the tectonic zones of the northeast and northwest directions. The main form of manifestation of gold-bearing mineralization is small steeply dipping veins, lenses, nests, non-extended systems of conformal and secant quartz veinlets containing dissemination of pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, which are represented by gold-arsenopyrite-pyrite, gold-arsenopyrite-chalcopyrite-pyrite natural type of ores.