Articles

Core State Revenue: Reconstructing the Policy of Centralization of State Revenue Management and Ease of Doing Business in Indonesia (A Systematic Literature Review)

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This study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) of 58 academic and policy sources published between 2019 and 2025 to analyze the centralization of state revenue management and its implications for the Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) in Indonesia. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, the review integrates evidence from peer-reviewed journals, government publications, and international organization reports. Findings indicate that legal reforms, particularly Law No. 1/2022, and the deployment of the Core Tax Administration System (CTAS) are pivotal in harmonizing tax administration, improving compliance, and enhancing fiscal transparency. Comparative international experiences suggest that technological integration and function-based organizational restructuring can yield significant revenue gains, with projections indicating a 2–3 percentage point increase in the tax-to-GDP ratio by 2027. Additionally, centralization is expected to reduce compliance times, improve EoDB indicators, and boost investor confidence. However, the literature cautions against risks of over-centralization, institutional capacity gaps, and regional disengagement. The study concludes that a “controlled centralization” model, combining national coherence with regional inclusivity, offers the most sustainable path forward. Recommendations for future research include longitudinal impact studies, comparative analyses, and qualitative assessments of taxpayer experiences.

Factors Affecting The Supervision System Business Licensing Policy in Gorontalo Province

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This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the business licensing policy supervision system in Gorontalo Province, especially after the implementation of the Online Single Submission (OSS) system. A qualitative approach is used through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The findings show that although OSS improves the ease of doing business, there are weaknesses in supervision, such as fictitious businesses, ignoring technical requirements, and lack of commitment from business actors to the environment. Intervention of power and weak coordination between agencies also hinder the effectiveness of supervision. This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive, transparent, accountable supervision, and is supported by strong regulations and commitment from all stakeholders. Recommendations include strengthening standards, increasing human resource capacity, utilizing technology, and strict law enforcement to achieve sustainable and equitable economic development. This study contributes to the development of a more adaptive and responsive theory of public policy supervision.