Antioxidant potential of Annona muricata (Leaves extract) with metallic conjugates and its cytotoxicity analysis by (in vitro) Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus assay

Annona muricata is one of the most important traditional medicinal plants which contains numerous chemicals that exhibit various pharmacological properties. Inspired by the bioactivity from different studies of the aqueous and alcoholic extract, we employed it as a plant-based material for the green synthesis of nanoparticles. The NPs was prepared by the addition of isolated Annona muricata leaf extract as a reducing agent to metal. The synthesized metal based NPs were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopic analysis and microscopy. The observed colour changes confirmed the successful formation of NPs, Free radicals are inhibited by antioxidant compounds, which can be naturally sourced from soursop (Annona muricata L.). Extraction processes affect levels of antioxidant compounds in the extract. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the optimal extraction conditions for soursop leaves using maceration and pressing methods and determine the content of the flavonoid compound rutin in the optimized extract. The analysis was conducted to achieve maximum levels of 2.2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). This study aimed to evaluate and compare the potential cytotoxic activity of different leaf extracts of A. muricata and conjugates using the CBMN assay against the cultured lymphocyte. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay is an established method for assessing chromosome damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes resulting from exposure to genotoxic agents such as ionizing radiation. This study discovered that A. muricata crude leaf extracts have the potential to inhibit the cultured lymphocyte cells by inducing cell death. Phytochemicals termed Annonaceae and Acetogenins (AGEs) found in this plant has shown antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer properties in various in- vitro studies done. The objective of this study was to measure cytogenetic DNA damage in-vitro based on MN frequency in peripheral blood these findings contribute to the growing field of eco-friendly nanotechnology and emphasize the significance of plant-mediated approaches in nanomaterial synthesis and biomedical applications.