The Influence of Digital Marketing Through SEO and Social Media Marketing Activities on Brand Awareness in Building Brand Equity and Brand Loyalty Site Pikiran-Rakyat.Com

/in /by

The massive development of the internet has triggered changes in all aspects and industries. Including the mass media industry, so that there is an era of convergence towards conventional media to survive in the digital era. Including the Harian Umum Pikiran Rakyat which has the online news site Pikiran-Rakyat.com in the shadow of Pikiran Rakyat Media Network. Pikiran-Rakyat.com is one of the brave media that provides a lot of information and news not only for the people of Greater Bandung or West Java. It can also be accessed nationally, like other competitors, namely Kompas and Tribun News. The aim of this research is: The aims to be obtained in this research which are designed and adapted to the problem formulation are as follows: Knowing the influence of using Search Engine Optimization on increasing brand awareness, Knowing the influence of Social Media Marketing Activities (SMMAs) on increasing brand awareness, Knowing the influence increasing brand awareness of brand equity and knowing the effect of increasing brand awareness on brand loyalty from Pikiran-Rakyat.com  This research method is quantitative with descriptive analysis techniques and structural equation models or what are called Structural Equation Models (SEM) and Partial Last Square (PLS). The results of this research show that respondents’ responses regarding Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Brand Awareness, Brand Equity and Brand Loyalty are in the good category, while responses to the Social Media Marketing Activities (SMMAs) variable are in the quite good category. The relationship between Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and Social Media Marketing Activities (SMMAs) has a positive effect on Brand Awareness. Meanwhile, the Brand Awareness relationship has a positive influence on both Brand Equity and Brand Loyalty.

The Function of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Distinguishing between Different Types of Brain Tumors

/in /by

Introduction: The second most common cause of mortality globally is tumors, and early detection is crucial for improving outcomes. Brain tumors, characterized by abnormal cell growth in the brain, can be either benign or malignant. Although conventional MRI techniques are routinely used for diagnosis, they often lack the sensitivity needed for tumor grading and characterization. By determining the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value for each tumor and contrasting these results with the final histology result, this study seeks to evaluate the function of Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) in differentiating between common brain tumors in patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted involving thirty-four patients who underwent MRI examinations, including conventional and DWI, at a diagnostic radiology department between January 2022 and December 2024. The study employed a 1.5-T magnetic resonance scanner, with DWI analyzed using calculated ADC values. Data on demographics, MRI characteristics, and histopathological findings were collected and analyzed using SPSS Version 27.

Results: Whole-lesion ADC center values ranged 0.470–2.854 × 10−3 mm2/s higher values in dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor and lower in abscess, AS for ADC border values ranged 0.770–1.672 × 10−3 mm2/s higher values in pilocytic astrocytoma and lower in malignant meningioma. These results demonstrated the value of ADC in brain lesion differential diagnosis.

Conclusion: DWI and ADC are excellent supplementary imaging modalities because they are quick, simple, non-invasive, and require no contrast injection. It might be able to distinguish between various brain lesions, facilitating prompt diagnosis and care.

Impact of HMPV on the Human Body

/in /by

This study is conducted to identify the grievousness that can be caused by the Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV). The major purpose of conducting this study is to spread awareness about the virus. The means and mode of spreading and how it can be prevented from spreading. HMPV is highly contagious, and it is not easy to differentiate it from the common cold. With fast-moving technical advancement, the countries are getting more and more connected with each other. This is a boom in terms of learning and growing in mutual collaboration, but there is a dark side to it, too. Direct contact among a large number of individuals is taking place around the globe. If a person is infected by any contagious disease and not maintaining proper precautions can infect others coming in contact, the carelessness or the innocent unawareness will act like a never-ending chain of spreading the virus. The brief history of the virus and the pattern of the infection is pointed out in this study. Through this study, the major causes of contamination can be identified and how to prevent further spreading. The data used in the study are obtained from secondary data sources because of time limitations.

Workplace Harassment in Nursing: An Urgent Challenge in Healthcare

/in /by

Workplace harassment in nursing is a widespread issue that significantly impacts healthcare systems. Nurses frequently face various forms of harassment, including psychological abuse, bullying, and mobbing, from colleagues, supervisors, or even patients. This bibliographic review examines the prevalence, causes, and consequences of workplace harassment in nursing, drawing on extensive research and empirical evidence. The review defines workplace harassment in nursing, highlighting key concepts such as psychological harassment, role conflicts, and the effects of workplace dynamics on nurses’ well-being. It explores how hierarchical structures in healthcare institutions create power imbalances that make newly graduated and lower-ranking nurses more vulnerable.

Studies indicate that 10% to 30% of nurses experience workplace bullying, with many facing ongoing harassment. Contributing factors include high job demands, inadequate staffing, organizational culture, and weak institutional policies. The psychological effects are severe, leading to increased stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, and lower job satisfaction, ultimately affecting patient care. This review also explores individual and organizational risk factors. Personality traits like neuroticism and low self-esteem increase vulnerability, while role conflicts and unclear job responsibilities contribute to stress. Ineffective leadership, lack of support, and tolerance for abusive behaviors further exacerbate the issue.

To address workplace harassment, various interventions have been proposed, including leadership training, conflict resolution programs, psychological support, and zero-tolerance policies. Strategies such as emotional self-regulation training, peer support groups, and improved work conditions show promise in reducing workplace mistreatment. This review underscores the need for systemic changes in healthcare institutions to create a safer and more supportive work environment. Protecting nurses from harassment not only improves their well-being but also enhances healthcare quality.

Endonasal Rhinoplasty: Nasal Remodeling Without Visible Scars. A Case Report

/in /by

Endonasal rhinoplasty, also known as closed rhinoplasty, is a surgical procedure used to modify the nasal structure for aesthetic or functional purposes without leaving visible scars. Its main advantage is achieving natural results with a faster recovery compared to other techniques.

This surgical approach requires high precision and a deep understanding of nasal anatomy, as it combines technical skills with an artistic perspective. Over time, it has proven to be an effective option due to its multiple benefits, such as reduced postoperative edema and a shorter recovery period. This article details the endonasal rhinoplasty technique, highlighting its relevance and effectiveness without comparing it to open rhinoplasty, as both have specific indications. It emphasizes the importance of surgeons mastering both approaches to provide options tailored to the individual needs of patients.

A clinical case is presented involving a 21-year-old female patient who sought to improve her nasal profile due to the presence of a dorsal hump and a drooping tip. A closed rhinoplasty was performed under general anesthesia in an appropriate surgical setting, achieving a satisfactory aesthetic outcome with an uneventful postoperative recovery. Currently, endonasal rhinoplasty remains a key technique within the global trend of preservation rhinoplasty, which prioritizes the conservation of nasal structures to ensure stable and harmonious long-term results.

Redefining Menaka: Kavita Kane’s Feminist Reimagining of a Celestial Apsara

/in /by

Kavita Kane’s novel Menaka’s Choice presents a feminist reinterpretation of the celestial apsara Menaka, reimagining her beyond the conventional patriarchal portrayal as merely a seductress sent to disrupt Vishwamitra’s penance. Traditionally reduced to a tool of divine manipulation, Menaka has been viewed through a lens that prioritizes her beauty while neglecting her autonomy and personal struggles. Kane challenges this limited representation by depicting Menaka as a complex individual with agency, desires, and emotional depth. This paper explores how Kane reconstructs Menaka’s character, emphasizing her assertion of independence, internal conflicts, and personal growth. By subverting patriarchal structures and foregrounding female agency, the novel reshapes the representation of women in Indian mythology, offering a more nuanced and empowered portrayal. Additionally, the study examines Kane’s narrative techniques, such as the use of a first-person perspective and the infusion of modern feminist sensibilities, to demonstrate how Menaka’s Choice bridges the gap between mythological tradition and contemporary discourse on gender and autonomy. Through this retelling, Kane contributes to the broader movement of feminist mythological fiction, reclaiming the voices of marginalized female figures and challenging established literary and cultural interpretations.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Respiratory Toxicity: A Review

/in /by

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants primarily associated with chronic respiratory illness. Increased epidemiological findings necessitate a concentrated effort to raise awareness regarding the influence of air quality on the prevalence of highlighted PAHs in airborne particles. PAHs have been associated with respiratory problems including asthma, asthma exacerbation, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema The review gives an insight into the recent PAHs exposure and its toxicity effects on the respiratory system. A literature search across four scientific databases yielded 120 relevant studies, including articles analyzing urinary concentrations of various persistent PAHs and their biomarkers. The study also highlighted the risk posed by PM2.5-PAHs conjugates in causing mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, teratogenesis, disrupting signalling pathways resulting in oxidative stress, acute and/or chronic respiratory morbidity, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality. The study further emphasizes PAHs’ and their metabolites’ significant toxicity to the respiratory system, inducing AhR/nonAhR interlinked signalling mechanisms that lead to oxidative stress, immune system damage, asthma/COPD, and cancer. In conclusion, the study predominantly indicates positive correlations between PAHs and respiratory toxicity.

Knowledge and Perception Regarding Caesarean Section Delivery and Its Determining Factors Among Married Women of Hetauda Sub-Metropolitan City

/in /by

Background: A Cesarean section (CS) is a surgical procedure that can save the lives of mothers and babies when certain complications arise during pregnancy or labor. This research study assessed the knowledge level, perception and various determining factors for caesarean section among married women of reproductive age.

Method: A Cross-sectional study was conducted among 349 married women of Hetauda Sub-Metropolitan City. The mixed method was used in this study; where face to face interviews were taken through semi-structured questionnaire and Likert scale for quantitative data and Key Informant Interview (KII) was completed with the obstetricians for qualitative data. Data collection was done in kobo tool which was generated to SPSS VS.20 and analyzed using Chi-square test and logistic regression for knowledge level and Man-Whitney test(U) and Kruskal–Wallis(H) test for perception where association were established with p value <0.05.

Results: Nearly six out of ten (59%) had adequate knowledge regarding caesarean section. Factors such as religion, education, gravida, previous place and previous mode of delivery were associated with the level of knowledge. In this study, respondents who had experienced previous CS and normal as well as CS were 2.822 (p=0.002) and 2.578 (p= 0.030) times respectively more likely to have adequate knowledge than those with previous normal delivery. The prevalence of CS was found to be 32.9% among the studied population. Major factors such as preferred mode and previous mode of delivery were associated with the perception. The median of perception was significantly higher among respondents who had previous experience of CS than the group who haven’t.

Conclusion: The findings indicated that most respondents had sufficient knowledge about cesarean sections (CS), despite the increasing prevalence of the procedure.  Respondents who had previously undergone a CS had a greater awareness of the procedure compared to those who had a normal vaginal delivery (NVD). Consequently, stakeholders at all levels of government should be held accountable for ensuring the quality and effectiveness of maternal and child health services provided by healthcare institutions.

Stroke: Risks, Diagnosis & Prevention

/in /by

Stroke is been seen as life threatening condition which is caused due to interrupted blood flow to the brain which in turn lead to very saviour complication or death. In this paper we are going to explore stroke type, causes, risk factor, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of stroke in terms of allopathic and homeopathic approach. Highlighting the importance of early diagnosis, prevention and post stroke care and prevention to improve patient outcome.

The Position of the Heirs in the Completion of the Sale and Purchase of Land Where the Seller (Heir) Has Deceived

/in /by

This study aims to analyze the position of heirs in the settlement of land sales whose sellers (heirs) have died and to explore the procedures for land sales whose sellers have died. The method used by the researcher in this thesis is normative empirical, using a statute approach, a conceptual approach, a case approach, and a sociological approach. The results of the study indicate that the position of heirs in this case is as recipients of the rights and responsibilities of the heir during his lifetime based on the right of saisine, the right of hereditas petito, and the right of legetime portie, as well as other special rights such as the right to think, the right to receive inheritance purely, the right to receive inheritance with the privilege of recording boedel/ or receiving beneficiary, the right to reject inheritance, and the right to demand distribution of inheritance. and the process of transferring rights to certified land whose sellers or heirs have died is by transferring rights to the heirs, which is carried out by first inheriting, which then meets the document requirements and procedures by laws and regulations. Meanwhile, for land that has not been certified, it is carried out openly, in cash, and in real terms in front of the village head and the heirs should register the land by the provisions of the Basic Agrarian Law, Article 19, Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997, Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021, Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs Number 18 of 2021, Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs of 2021 and Perkaban of 1997.