Evaluation of Darul Arqam Gombara Islamic Boarding School, Makassar, Using the CIPPO Approach Model: A Literature Review Study

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Modern Islamic boarding schools are Islamic educational institutions that play a crucial role in shaping a generation with Islamic character while remaining adaptive to the dynamics of contemporary development. Amid the challenges of globalization and digitalization, modern pesantren must conduct continuous evaluations to maintain the relevance and quality of their education. This study aims to evaluate modern Islamic boarding schools in South Sulawesi, particularly Pondok Pesantren Darul Arqam Gombara, using the CIPPO model (Context, Input, Process, Product, Outcomes). The research employs a literature review method by examining various scholarly sources, including journal articles, books, theses, and research reports relevant to the themes of modern pesantren and educational evaluation. The analysis reveals that: (1) in terms of context, modern pesantren have a vision that integrates religious and general education; (2) regarding input, the quality of teaching staff, dual curriculum, and educational facilities serve as key factors; (3) in the process dimension, there is an integration of formal education with a character-based pesantren system; (4) in terms of product, graduates of modern pesantren demonstrate strong religious, academic, and social competencies; and (5) with respect to outcomes, alumni actively contribute to society, higher education, and the workforce.

Preliminary Study of the Economic Development Potential of Pageraji Village

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This research is a preliminary study using a field study approach. This preliminary study aims to identify natural resources in Pageraji Village that have the potential to be developed to increase the income of the village community. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires and supported by interviews with relevant parties who understand the village’s natural conditions. Furthermore, Nvivo software was used to process the interview results regarding the hopes and challenges faced in village development. The results of the study successfully identified that Pageraji Village has natural resources that have the potential to be developed. The presence of coconut trees, land area, and soil and water conditions were identified that could be developed for future agricultural and livestock activities. Based on the coding carried out, it was identified that the natural resources owned by the village are supported by creativity, innovation, community involvement, and government support, providing hope for the development of the village’s potential. Furthermore, it was identified that motivation, discipline, conservatism, and the role of institutions are challenges to the development of the village’s potential. The results of the study provide insights into the natural resources of Pageraji Village, which in the future can be utilized to develop the village’s economic potential. In addition, this research can be continued to deepen other potentials that Pageraji Village has so that later a model can be designed that can be adopted for the development of village potential in general.

Hydraulic System Performance on the Caterpillar 305.5E2 Excavator Unit

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Excavators are one of the most widely used types of heavy equipment due to their ability to operate in tight spaces with high efficiency. One crucial component in supporting excavator performance is the hydraulic system, which functions to move main parts such as the boom, arm, and bucket through fluid pressure. Disruptions in this system can reduce productivity and trigger damage to other components. This study aims to evaluate whether the hydraulic system on the Caterpillar 305.5E2 Excavator unit works optimally and according to technical specifications. Testing was carried out through two main methods, namely pressure tests and operational tests, with the help of pressure gauges and stopwatches. The test results showed that all main functions of the boom, stick, bucket, blade, swing, and travel can operate properly without symptoms of damage or delayed response. Although the hydraulic system may still be operationally functioning normally, there may be indications of internal damage or improper pressure adjustments, which could affect the unit’s long-term performance. Therefore, further technical evaluation is required as part of a preventive maintenance program.

Parental Views and Attitudes Concerning Child Work in a Rural Region of Romania

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This study examines parental perspectives on children’s involvement in household and agricultural work in a rural region of north-western Romania. The research focuses on Someș Valley in Satu Mare County, where subsistence farming remains common and children often assist with family labour. Using qualitative data from interviews with parents and a focus group with teachers – complemented by survey findings – we analyse how rural parents view the role of their children’s work in the household, its perceived benefits, and its impact on education. Parents generally consider children’s help in chores and farming as a normal and even beneficial part of upbringing, teaching responsibility and practical skills while strengthening family bonds. They report assigning age-appropriate tasks and prioritizing schooling, with most insisting that education is not compromised by farm work. However, contrasting insights from local educators and supportive quantitative data reveal potential tensions: some children experience fatigue and occasional school absences linked to work demands. The findings highlight a nuanced reality in which moderate child work is culturally valued and can foster growth, but excessive labour poses risks to academic progress and child well-being. The article concludes with a discussion on balancing tradition with child rights and offers policy suggestions to support rural families in safeguarding children’s education and welfare.

An Embedded System Approach for Real-Time Attendance and Hall Occupancy Management Using Arduino and GSM Technologies

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Efficient monitoring of hall occupancy and attendance is crucial in contemporary institutional settings for ensuring safety, facilitating planning, and optimizing resources. This paper details the design and implementation of a real-time attendance and hall management system leveraging embedded system technologies. The system employs a dual infrared (IR) sensor configuration for directional entry-exit detection, an ultrasonic sensor for proximity validation, an I²C-based LCD for real-time occupancy display, and a GSM module for SMS alerts when the hall reaches maximum capacity. The Arduino Uno microcontroller serves as the system’s control unit, integrating sensor inputs and executing logical decisions. Tests conducted in the Nyesom Wike Senate Building at Rivers State University demonstrated the system’s capability to monitor up to 20 occupants with an accuracy rate of 98.7%. This system provides a cost-effective and scalable solution for managing public hall capacity, mitigating overcrowding, and enhancing institutional safety.

An Investigation Regarding the Problems of Peach Growers in Goshta District, Nangarhar province, Afghanistan

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This investigation aimed to identify and analyze the primary challenges faced by peach growers in District Goshta. A systematic interview schedule was employed to gather data, and data analysis was performed using Excel and SPSS version 20. his study explores the major agricultural challenges encountered by peach growers. These challenges include weak market linkages, limited access to modern farming techniques, pest and disease issues, inadequate storage facilities, insufficient transportation infrastructure, restricted market access, a lack of cold storage options, limited access to institutional credit, and the need for timely advisory services. According to the study, the Afghan government should investigate subsidizing expensive inputs like fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides, high-quality varieties, and contemporary agricultural equipment so that they are available in the local market at the appropriate times and at fair prices. Additionally, extension workers should make frequent visits to ensure that the farming community is aware of the most recent farming techniques.

Theoretical Issues in Developing Scientific Research Competence in Higher Education

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In the context of higher education reforms oriented toward competency development and the strengthening of research elements in academic training, developing scientific research competence among students has become an urgent requirement. Engagement in scientific research activities enables students to cultivate scientific thinking, self-directed learning abilities, and creativity. This paper analyzes fundamental theoretical issues related to the development of scientific research competence for students in higher education. Based on a synthesis of domestic and international studies, the article clarifies key theoretical aspects, including the definition and structure of scientific research competence, major theoretical approaches to competence development, and factors influencing the formation and enhancement of students’ scientific research competence. The findings contribute to theoretical foundations for guiding instructional design and building academic environments that promote research-oriented thinking in contemporary higher education.

Analysis of Harmonic Improvement in the Computer Laboratory of Samarinda State Polytechnic with the Addition of a Static VAR Compensator

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An electrical system is said to have a high level of reliability if it is capable of supplying electrical energy continuously and in accordance with user needs. The quality of electrical power can be disrupted by the use of non-linear loads, such as computer devices, electronic devices, and energy-saving lamps. Harmonic problems in power quality arise due to the interaction between the sinusoidal waves of the system and the characteristics of non-linear loads, such as those found in the Computer Laboratory of the Samarinda State Polytechnic, which results in high harmonic current values. To determine the actual conditions, electrical parameters were measured. The results of the measurements showed a total current harmonic distortion value of 33.65% in phase R, 15.85% in phase S, and 92.99% in phase T. The individual current harmonic distortion in phase R decreased from 28.39% to 4.53%, to 3.76% in phase S, and to 2.63% in phase T on Thursday at 15:00 WITA. To overcome this, the use of a Static Var Compensator (SVC) is proposed as a solution to reduce the level of harmonics in the electrical system at the Computer Laboratory of the Samarinda State Polytechnic. The simulation was conducted using Matlab R2023a software through the Simulink feature. The results obtained show that the Static Var Compensator can reduce harmonics well, as seen from the harmonic values on Thursday, where before the Static Var Compensator was installed, the harmonics in phase R were 9.81%, phase S were 10.98%, and phase T were 9%.

Policy Analysis of Public and Private Elementary Schools Through the Cippo Evaluation Model: A Case Study in Wajo Regency, Indonesia

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This study aims to analyze educational policies implemented in public and private elementary schools UPTD SD Negeri 223 Kampiri and UPTD SD As’adiyah 2 Kampiri

using the CIPPO evaluation model (Context, Input, Process, Product, and Outcome). The CIPPO framework provides a comprehensive tool to assess policy effectiveness from planning and resource allocation to program implementation and long-term educational outcomes. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach through document analysis, interviews, and literature review, the study reveals that public schools tend to align with centralized government regulations and standardized funding mechanisms, while private schools demonstrate greater flexibility in curriculum innovation and institutional management. However, both face similar challenges in maintaining teacher quality and ensuring adequate facilities. Findings indicate that policy effectiveness is less dependent on school status than on consistent implementation, professional competence, and leadership capacity. The study highlights the need for stronger affirmative support for private schools, continued pedagogical innovation in public institutions, and collaborative governance between government, schools, and communities to ensure equitable and high-quality education.

The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Perceived Organizational Support on Innovative Work Behaviour Mediated by Work Engagement among Civil Servants at PPSDM Regional Yogyakarta

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The low level of innovative work behaviour at PPSDM Regional Yogyakarta is reflected in the institution’s 2024 accreditation result, which was rated at the one-star category, as well as the limited contribution of new ideas from employees. This condition highlights the importance of understanding internal organizational factors that can foster IWB, particularly the roles of transformational leadership, organizational support, and work engagement. This study aims to analyze the effects of transformational leadership and perceived organizational support on innovative work behaviour and to examine the mediating role of work engagement among civil servants at PPSDM Regional Yogyakarta. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey method, involving 108 civil servants. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that transformational leadership and perceived organizational support directly influence IWB. Both variables also have a positive and significant effect on work engagement. Furthermore, work engagement was found to have a positive and significant impact on IWB. Work engagement also significantly mediates the effects of transformational leadership and perceived organizational support on IWB. These results emphasize that work engagement serves as a key mechanism linking leadership and organizational support to employees’ innovative behaviour. Enhancing employees’ IWB cannot be achieved solely through transformational leadership or organizational support; instead, strengthening work engagement as a central mediator is essential. Organizations need to foster employee involvement by improving support, appreciation, and the consistency of policies to build a sustainable innovation culture in the workplace.