Business Process Reengineering of the Procurement Process at PT PAR an Oil and Gas Company

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The procurement sub-department at PT PAR, an Indonesian oil and gas company, faced significant operational inefficiencies, causing project delays and a 10% budget overrun. An analysis of its auction-based workflow revealed that the performance decrease was due to numerous non-value-added activities. This paper details a Business Process Reengineering (BPR) initiative aimed at enhancing service performance. Through modeling and simulation with Bizagi Modeler, and while adhering to company regulations, two critical activities were modified. This targeted redesign successfully increased the procurement success rate by 29% and reduced the maximum processing time by 8.3% working days. The study concludes by recommending the adoption of the new process, supported by four key actions: minimizing waste activities, realigning the organizational structure, integrating software, and establishing a new standard operating procedure (SOP).

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Teaching the Topic “Energy” in Science Subject According to The STEM Education Model to Develop the Ability to Apply Learned Knowledge and Skills for Primary School Students

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This paper presents the findings of a study on the implementation of teaching the topic “Energy” in Grade 5 Science using the STEM education model, with the aim of developing primary school students’ competence in applying acquired knowledge and skills. Based on a competency-based approach and integrated teaching theories, the study designed a specific instructional process that combines scientific knowledge with practical experiential activities. The research was conducted in the form of a pedagogical experiment involving two groups: an experimental class applying the STEM model and a control class taught using traditional methods. The results indicate that the STEM model not only improved academic performance but also significantly enhanced students’ ability to apply knowledge in real-life contexts and fostered a more positive attitude toward learning. The study thus affirms the feasibility and practical value of applying the STEM education model to teaching Science at the primary level, contributing to the innovation of teaching methods aligned with the new general education curriculum.

Accessible Tourism in Global Tourist Destinations and Its Relationship with Sustainable Marketing in the Digital Age

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The study explores the concept of accessible tourism in the context of global tourist destinations and analyses its relationship with the principles of sustainable marketing in the digital age. The aim of the study is to outline the main challenges and opportunities related to the integration of accessibility as an integral part of sustainable marketing strategies. The analysis examines good practices from different regions, as well as the role of digital technologies and social media in increasing the visibility, engagement and inclusion of tourists with different needs. The study argues for the need for a global approach that unites the ethical, economic and social aspects of tourism in order to create destinations accessible to all. The conclusions drawn emphasise the importance of digital marketing as a tool not only for promoting, but also for the actual implementation of sustainable and inclusive practices in the tourism sector.

The Role of Museums, Monuments and Sites to the Development of Cultural Heritage Tourism Entrepreneurship in Tanzania

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Museums, Monuments and Sites are currently becoming the hub of business enterprises. Besides the well-known core functions and roles of the Museums, monuments and Sites throughout the world, that includes but not limited to acquisition, conservation, preservation, researches and awareness rising though educational programs and exhibitions, recently the scope and the roles of museums, monuments and sites have been extended to the development of cultural tourism entrepreneurship. Griffin (2002) in the Kenneth Myer Lecture put it clear that the ultimate goal of entrepreneurship in museums must be the enhancement of the visitors’ experience of interaction with the authentic object and the increase in understanding and knowledge. In Tanzania for instance business enterprises, corporate institutions, companies, start-up organizations and individual entrepreneurs have been working together with museums, monuments and sites in their ventures to furnish the needs of their companies, visitors and partners. This paper therefore, intends to unearth various ventures, products and opportunities offered as the Cultural tourism entrepreneurship in Tanzania through Museums, Monuments and Sites. Although the predominant applications of entrepreneurship in museums seem to consist in diversifying income, financing through entrepreneurial endeavors, or stepping into business-like activities (Högberg & Jogmark, 2021; Toepler, 2006), being commercial and entrepreneurial does not necessarily mean deviating from the museum’s core values. As Brenton and Bouckaert’s argue (2021, p.725), “financial entrepreneurial museums are also progressive, ethical, and innovative”. Thus, to make this study easier simple random sampling and observation techniques were used as the tools to collect data and analyse them descriptively.

Optical Transmission Spectra of Pb_(0.80) Sr_(0.20) TiO_3/Pb_(0.90) Sr_(0.10) TiO_3 Compositional Graded Ferroelectric Thin Films

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This study looks at the optical transmission properties of ferroelectric thin films made from two different compositions of lead strontium titanate:  and . The films were created using a method called metallo-organic decomposition (MOD) combined with spin coating on quartz substrates. The researchers analyzed the optical properties by recording transmission spectra from 300 to 1500 nm. They found that the films were highly transparent in the longer wavelength range and that their optical characteristics varied significantly with grain size. By deriving the refractive index, extinction coefficient, and absorption coefficient from the spectra, the team demonstrated that these films have promising applications in electro-optic devices, photodetectors, and photonic sensors. Overall, this work showcases the progress made in creating and studying lead strontium titanate thin films, highlighting their versatile optical features.

Effect of Stirring Circulation on the Effectiveness of Microbial Consortium in Sludge Oil Bioremediation Process

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Sludge oil is a by-product of crude oil processing that poses significant environmental and efficiency challenges in the oil and gas industry. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using microbial consortia to address sludge oil, with a focus on the impact of agitation on oil recovery enhancement. An experimental and laboratory analysis approach was employed to implement bioremediation for cleaning sludge oil from crude oil tanks. Factors such as agitation conditions, types of microorganisms, environmental conditions, and handling time were evaluated to understand their effects on oil recovery efficiency. The experiment compared two conditions: microbial consortia in agitated and non-agitated systems. The results showed that the use of microbial consortia in an agitated system was significantly more effective in reducing sludge oil and enhancing oil recovery compared to the non-agitated system. Agitation was found to improve microbial circulation and nutrient distribution, contributing to an increase in sludge oil degradation by up to 17.1%. However, the success of this method was also influenced by the composition of the sludge oil and environmental conditions. This research contributes to the development of more effective solutions for managing sludge oil and improving oil recovery in the oil and gas industry. The results of this experiment can serve as a foundation for further research on optimizing bioremediation for different operational conditions and supporting environmental sustainability.

Behavior-Based Purchase Intent Prediction in E-Commerce: A Machine Learning Approach

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This study investigates the use of machine learning to predict user purchase intentions based on behavioral data in a multi-category e-commerce platform. By analyzing seven months of user interaction logs—comprising product views, cart additions, and purchases—the research applies feature engineering to generate variables such as event weekday, product category levels, session activity count, and cart-to-view ratios. Four classification models were developed and evaluated: logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and gradient boosting. Among these, the Random Forest algorithm outperformed the others, achieving the highest accuracy and F1-score, effectively balancing precision and recall. The results demonstrate that machine learning can reliably predict purchase intent and support more targeted marketing, personalized recommendations, and improved conversion strategies in e-commerce environments.

Nasal Hemangioma and the Importance of Preoperative Embolization: Case Report and Literature Review

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Nasal hemangioma is a rare benign vascular neoplasm, yet clinically significant due to its hemorrhagic potential within a richly vascularized anatomical region. Its therapeutic management requires a multidisciplinary approach, particularly in cases indicated for surgical resection. Preoperative arterial embolization has proven to be an effective tool for controlling intraoperative bleeding, facilitating complete excision, and improving surgical outcomes. This review addresses the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of nasal hemangioma, with emphasis on the role of endovascular embolization as a fundamental component of pre-surgical strategy and in this case, as a definitive treatment.

Puff of Smoke’ In A Young Brain: A Classic Imaging Sign of Moyamoya Disease – Case Report

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Moyamoya disease is a rare and progressive cerebrovascular disorder marked by the occlusion or blockage of the distal internal carotid arteries and their main branches. In response, the brain develops a network of fragile collateral vessels, which appear as a “puff of smoke” on angiographic imaging—a characteristic feature that inspired the disease’s name. The condition primarily affects children and young adults, often presenting with transient ischemic attacks, strokes, seizures, or cerebral haemorrhage. Although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, genetic factors, particularly mutations in the RNF213 gene, have been closely associated with disease susceptibility, The major susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease in people investigation into the mechanisms of disease and potential treatment targets. The Arg4810Lys variant of the gene is most strongly associated with moyamoya disease, but the penetrance is lower than 1%, suggesting a synergistic relationship with additional environmental and genetic risk factors. A 11-year-old female patient presented with the complaints of sudden onset of left upper limb and lower limb transient weakness associated with bowel incontinence patient has  a past medical history of seizures since 10 months with multiple seizure episodes Diagnostic evaluation typically involves magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, and digital subtraction angiography, the latter of which remains the gold standard. Treatment strategies are primarily surgical, with revascularization procedures—either direct, indirect, or combined approaches—aimed at improving cerebral blood flow and reducing the risk of ischemic events . Based on laboratory investigations and radiological reports case was diagnosed as MOYAMOYA DISEASE preoperative and anaesthesia clearance patient was taken up for STA-MCA bypass (Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass) associated  treatment with perivascular sympathectomy and superior cervical ganglionectomy may be useful but more investigation needs to be carried out into the pathogenesis of the disease before more definitive therapy is realized.

This review outlines the latest developments in the understanding, diagnosis, and management of Moyamoya disease, with attention to its genetic background and surgical outcomes.

Legal Certainty in the Management and Supervision of Donations for Humanitarian Purposes in Indonesia

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The rapid progress of information technology has greatly enhanced public fundraising via donation-based crowdfunding platforms that use social media and digital channels. This innovation expands public access and fosters community involvement in social initiatives, yet it functions within a framework of legal ambiguity due to the lack of specific regulations governing the mechanisms, oversight, and accountability of online donation activities in Indonesia. This study seeks to examine the operational procedures of donation-based crowdfunding in Indonesia, identify regulatory deficiencies, and provide legislative remedies to enhance protection for contributors, platform operators, and recipients. This study utilizes a qualitative normative research technique, using legislative and conceptual methods, to analyze existing legislation and various instances of purported donation fund misappropriation. Research reveals that existing regulations, including Law No. 9 of 1961, Government Regulation No. 29 of 1980, and Minister of Social Affairs Regulation No. 8 of 2021, inadequately address the contemporary realities and risks of the digital donation landscape, leading to transparency deficiencies, opportunities for fraud, and diminished legal accountability. This thesis asserts that legislative change, enhanced supervisory mechanisms, and extensive legal literacy initiatives are essential to guarantee that donation-based crowdfunding functions in a reliable, responsible, and sustainable way within Indonesian society.