Lesson Plan and Its Importance in Teaching Process

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Teaching in the simplest sense of the term is the flow of interaction between the teacher and the students that is done to achieve pre-designed goals based on a codified plan. Planning and goals of a lesson presented by the teacher at the beginning of the session is one of the most important and effective factors in the learning process of students. Summing up these items at the end of the lesson and presenting a summary of a lesson is of special importance to the students’ learning.  The necessity of developing lesson plans in our classrooms, schools and educational institutions is a case that is less appreciated to it, so this study has been done to investigate how to prepare and implement lesson plan and to know its importance in the teaching process of learning. The resources used in this research are textbooks and curriculum, educational and scientific articles. The findings of this research show that curriculum in the teaching process causes the teacher to be ready for teaching and to formulate his/her course activities according to the students’ preparation level.

 

The Effect of Probiotic Fertilizer Concentrations and Pruning on Kristal Guava (Psidium guajava L. cv. Kristal) in the Off-Season Production

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Kristal guava is one of the horticultural commodities that is in demand by the public at large amount and can grow well in Indonesia. The low production of Kristal guava in the off-season is one of the causes of not fulfilling the demand for the fruit. The research was conducted in Semanik Village, Badung, Bali, Indonesia from January to July 2023. This study aimed to increase the growth and production of Kristal guava in the off-season through fertilization with probiotic fertilizer and pruning. This experiment used a factorial Randomized Block Design consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was fertilization with probiotic fertilizer consisting of 4 concentration levels, i.e., control (C0), 10% (C1), 20% (C2) and 30% (C3). While the second factor was pruning, namely: Pt (no pruning) and Pl (pruning 2-3 segments of twig ends + dead twigs + twigs infested with pests). The results showed that the interaction between fertilization with probiotic fertilizer and pruning had no significant effect in off-season production of Kristal guava. The 30% probiotic fertilizer concentration (C3) was able to increase the growth as indicated by the variable number of new shoots per tree (2.17 shoots) and the number of leaves of new shoots per tree (2.67 leaves) and the off-season production of Kristal guava, reflected in the increase in the number of flowers formed per tree (103.50 flowers), the number of harvested fruits (3.50 fruits) and the weight per fruit (49.72 g) or an increase of 93.46%; 40% and 114.31%, respectively, compared to C0 which was 53.50 flowers; 2.50 fruits and 23.20 g. The Pl treatment increased the growth as indicated by the variables of leaf chlorophyll content (69.55 SPAD) and leaf relative water content (59.58%) and the off-season production of Kristal guava as reflected by the number of flowers formed per tree (91.25 flowers), the number of fruits formed per tree (8.83 fruits) and the weight of fruit per tree (163.22 g) or an increase of 39.85%; 103.93% and 123.28%, respectively, compared to Pt which was 65.25 flowers; 4.33 fruits and 73.10 g.

The Effect of Profitability, Capital Structure and Cash Dividend on Firm Value of Public Non-Financial Companies in Indonesia During the Period Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic (2018-2021)

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This study aims to test and prove empirically the effect of the independent variables namely profitability, capital structure and cash dividends on the dependent variable, namely firm value with liquidity and firm size as control variables. The research method used is quantitative research in the form of a correlational study using firm financial report panel data taken at www.idx.co.id. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling with a total sample of 116 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2021 period. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression using the eviews application. The results of the study found that profitability, cash dividends, liquidity and firm size had no effect on firm value in the period before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Capital structure has an effect on firm value in the period before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Adjusted R2 value shows that 64.7% of firm value can be explained by profitability, capital structure, cash dividends, liquidity and firm size, the remaining 35.3% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.

Business to Business (B2B) Market Penetration Strategy for PT Perro Manufacturing Business

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This research focuses on PT PERRO which has encountered challenges in revenue growth and stagnant sales on electric vehicle two-wheeler product. The objective of this study is to identify the factors influencing consumer purchasing decisions and analyze the internal and external business conditions of PT PERRO. The theoretical framework employed in this research encompasses consumer behavior in the purchasing process, market trends, and market penetration strategies to enhance PT PERRO’s revenue.

A Tracer Study on the Bachelor of Elementary Education Graduates of St. Paul University Surigao A.Y. 2017-2022

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A Tracer study is a research method that tracks and collects data on the outcomes and experiences of graduates to assess the effectiveness of educational programs. This research study titled “A Tracer Study on the Bachelor of Elementary Education Graduates of St. Paul University Surigao A.Y. 2017-2022” aimed to trace the employability of graduates and assess their rating of the effectiveness of the teacher education program outcomes. The researchers collected data from 45 graduates using an adapted-modified questionnaire and analyzed using various statistical tools. The findings showed that most of the graduates were female and within the age range of 21-24. Most participants were single, held a bachelor’s degree as their highest educational attainment, and graduated in 2018. The Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) was taken by 31 graduates, with professional education subjects identified as the most challenging area. Six months after graduation, at least 62% of the graduates who responded remained unemployed, while those employed mostly worked as grade school teachers. The competencies learned during college, such as communication, information technology skills, critical thinking, and problem-solving, were reported as valuable in their first jobs. Graduates highlighted the development of attributes such as communication and relational skills, academic excellence, critical thinking, research, problem-solving, leadership, teamwork, social and ethical responsibility, productivity, and accountability during their undergraduate studies. Graduates rated the nine teacher education program outcomes as very effective. The study’s conclusion recommends targeted support for licensure exam preparation, enhancing employability and job placement, and bridging the education-employment gap.

Proposed Business Strategies for Business Development in Indonesia’s Interior Design Industry (Case: Hepta Desain)

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This research aims to develop a proposed business strategy for Hepta Desain, an architectural consultancy firm in Indonesia, to capitalize on the interior design division and seize the opportunity for increased profitability. The study explores the internal and external factors influencing Hepta Desain in the interior design industry and identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats through a comprehensive SWOT analysis. The application of the TOWS Matrix and IE Matrix aids in formulating effective business strategies. Analysis reveals that Hepta Desain possesses strong financial capacity, an established organizational structure, valuable physical assets, advanced technological infrastructure, intangible resources, a positive reputation, and relevant certifications. Leveraging these strengths, the company can pursue market penetration and product development strategies to capitalize on existing industry opportunities. However, certain weaknesses and threats, such as limited transportation resources, technological presence, physical market presence, and service activities, require attention. The recommendations include strengthening marketing and PR activities, investing in technology and innovation, expanding physical presence, and developing strategic partnerships to mitigate risks and maximize competitive advantage. By implementing these strategies, Hepta Desain can position itself as a proactive and distinct player in the interior design industry, thereby enhancing its profitability and market standing.

Achieving New Exsport Brand Equity through Improvement of Social Media Marketing Effort (SMME) to Increase Sales

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The creative industry in Indonesia is currently in the spotlight because it contributes significant value to the economy in Indonesia. Therefore, bags brand also plays an increasingly important role in Indonesia’s manufacturing sector and bags industry is one of creative economy in Indonesia. But, fashion industry need more than just only good quality product or good design product, to compete in nowadays, a brand must develop their customer relationship followed by the brand perception. Developing a dynamic and competitive business world demands the company to changes the orientation to the way they create the product, maintain its products, attract customers, and handle competitors. A deep understanding of how product information of a brand competes in the minds of consumers in the intense market competition is very crucial. This research will be used to create a marketing plan for the Exsport bags brand. The study utilized to produce the alternative approach is based on observations of the brand’s internal and external analysis. The qualitative technique, and TOWS analysis are used in the strategy analysis. The qualitative method is used to assess existing market knowledge, which will lead to the identification of new brand value after rebranding, where TOWS analysis will define numerous potential strategies based on external and internal brand analysis. The strategy developed by this research focus on developing a new online media strategy to showcase Exsport’s new value, as well as the relevant strategy used by the firm to compete in the future market.

Research on the Measurement of the Modernization Level and Efficiency Changes of the Economic System

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The modernization of the economic system stands as a crucial strategic initiative within the comprehensive construction of a socialist modernized nation. This paper establishes a comprehensive evaluation index system for economic system modernization. Utilizing the entropy-weighted-TOPSIS method, the economic system modernization levels for the years 2012-2021 are computed, taking the province of Zhejiang as a case study. Additionally, an efficiency input-output index system for economic system modernization is constructed. Employing the super-efficiency DEA-Malmquist model, the super-efficiency values and the dynamic changes in efficiency for various municipalities within Zhejiang Province are ascertained. The study reveals that the developmental level of Zhejiang Province’s economic system modernization has exhibited a consistent annual advancement. While the overall modernization efficiency values of each municipality have risen, regional disparities persist. Notably, technological progress efficiency emerges as the principal determinant influencing the fluctuations in total factor productivity. Consequently, the process of advancing economic system modernization warrants an emphasis on high-tech industries and educational investments, the enhancement of fundamental circulation infrastructure, a dedicated focus on technological progress, and the strengthening of interregional linkages.

Correlation between Financial Performances with the Stock Price in Indonesia Stock Exchange on Telecommunication Industry for 2017-2021 (Case Study: PT Telkom, PT XL Axiata, PT Indosat Ooredoo)

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Over the past few decades, telecommunication in Indonesia has experienced enormous growth and development, playing a crucial role in supporting the advancement of society, economic prosperity, and human connectivity. A couple major companies dominate the market including PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia and private firms like PT Indosat Ooredoo and PT XL Axiata. These companies provide a wide range of services, including mobile phone service, fixed-line services, internet connectivity, and digital solutions, adapting to the diverse needs of businesses and individuals across the country. The purpose of this research is to determine how financial ratios affect stock prices on the Indonesian stock exchange. Additionally, this study compares the financial health of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia, PT Indosat Ooredoo, and PT XL Axiata based on ratio comparison of Decree No. KEP-100/MBU/2002.

The results indicates that PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia has the healthiest financial performance by obtained AA category compared to PT Indosat Ooredoo and PT XL Axiata. This study finds the effect of eight financial ratios on the telecommunication industry for five years period. Based on the multiple linear regression test namely T test, it resulted that total asset turnover and total equity have a positive significant effect on stock price partially with a value less than 0.05. The F tests shows that all independent variables have effect to the stock prices by 80% and the remaining 20% are influenced by models outside this study.

Study on the Aftermath of Natural Ways to Cure COVID-19 in Bangladesh

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COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, expanded worldwide because of its easier transmission process, which emerged as respiratory infections, multi-organ disorders, and asymptomatic effects. Though several vaccines have been invented to prevent the virus affection, still lots of people are affecting from mild to severe Covid. In this study, we mainly focus on the natural ways that helped the patients to cure COVID-19 in the recent post-covid scenario. Our goal is to find the effectiveness of protein-rich foods and physical activities that may reduce the risks and boost immunity to fight off SARS-CoV-2. This study was conducted in Bangladesh and data was collected from 208 cured people through face-to-face interviews, phone calls, and social media. It was found that protein-rich foods such as sea fish, river fishes, pigeon meat, lemon, ceevit, and physical activities such as walking, jogging, and pushing up were associated with a lower recovery period. Males has the higher recovery period after being cured than females.