Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice Regarding Use of Face Mask Among Health Care Workers as a Measure of Covid-19 Infection Prevention in Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State Nigeria

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Introduction: Effective use of Face mask is very important to protect healthcare workers (HCWs) against respiratory hazards including COVID-19.Several countries are presently using face masks in their infection control plans, besides, incorrect use and disposal may actually increase the rate of transmission. The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare workers (HCWs) regarding the use of face mask as a measure to COVID-19 infection prevention.

Materials and Methods: This survey was conducted by interviewing 345 HCWs using a questionnaire consisting of the demographic characteristics, questions regarding the knowledge, attitude, and practices of use of face mask. Each correct answer was scored 1 and each incorrect answer scored 0. The total number of questions were 25; 10 for Knowledge, 8 for Practice and 7 for Attitude of heath care workers on the use of face mask. The final aggregate score was calculated and then labeled according to the percentage of correct responses as good >50% and poor < 50% for Knowledge, Practice and Attitude of health care workers on use of face mask. Data were gathered, analyzed using SPSS software version 25.

Results: A total of 345 participants with a mean age of 36.0 years (108 males and 237 females) were    included in the study. The Health care workers were good in Knowledge 324 (93.9%), attitude 250 (72.5%), and practice 282(81.7%) regarding use of face mask. However clinical HCW had good knowledge(X2 = 13.84, P value = 0.001, 95% CI= 0.08-0.51) and attitude(X2= 13.80, p value = 0.0001, 95% CI=0.21-0.6) of use of face mask than Non Clinical HCW when compared with their practice(X2=1.10, p value = 0.30, 95 % CI=0.40-1.35)

Conclusions: Knowledge, attitude of HCWs regarding the use of face masks were found to be adequate. but moderate-to-poor level of practice regarding the use of face mask. HCWs and general public to create awareness regarding the proper use of face mask by utilizing all social media. Provision of user friendly mask by government to the hospitals and at affordable rate to the public in order to improve their level of practice in wearing the masks.

Risk Identification in Packaging Material Warehouse in PT. Cedefindo using the House of Risk Method

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The cosmetic industry in Indonesia continues to experience rapid growth, in line with high consumer demand and the widening cosmetic market. In 2021, based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), cosmetics will grow by 9.61%. One of Indonesia’s well-respected cosmetic manufacturing companies is PT. Cedefindo, which is part of the Martha Tilaar Group. Martha Tilaar Group is one of the local pioneers in the Indonesian beauty industry. There are very large numbers and types of packaging in the warehouse of PT. Cedefindo. Due to the wide range of products, there are a number of risks associated. As a result of redesigns and product discontinuation, a lot of unused packaging material has accumulated in the storage facility. Deadstock and unused packaging materials can disrupt the flow in the warehouse, increasing costs and reducing available storage space. Delays in delivering packaging materials to the production line are a further risk that could be triggered by flow disturbances. Given this potential risk, the company must identify potential risks in every packaging material warehouse activity. Currently, PT. Cedefindo has not examined every action in the packaging material warehouse to identify risks. Risk identification is very important because it will enable the company to develop plans to minimize harmful events before they arise, without proper risk identification, no mitigation strategy can be devised. This research was conducted by identifying warehouse activities, mapping them into (SCOR) and identifying risks using House of Risk Phase 1. The first stage of the House of Risk process is the identification of risk events and risk agents. Next, the severity and occurrence levels are measured, and the aggregate risk priority (ARP) value is calculated to determine which risk agents should be prioritized based on the Pareto diagram. There are 18 risk agents and 15 risk events have been identified as a result of this research, 6 risk agents were given the highest priority based on the Pareto diagram, and 2 risk agents were identified as having a high-risk level and being in the red zone, requiring immediate direct action.

Development of Android-Based Interactive Physics Learning Media for Gas Kinetic Theory Materials

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This study aims to produce a decent Android-based interactive physics learning media, to know the user’s response to the learning media and to measure the effectiveness of the learning media. This type of research is development research using a 4-D model with 34 students as research subjects. The instruments used in this study were due diligence questionnaires by experts and physics teachers, student response questionnaires and tests. Based on the results of data analysis, the material expert validation was 96% with very feasible criteria, media expert validation was 96% with very feasible criteria and the physics teacher’s assessment was 80% with feasible criteria. Student responses to small group tests with 10 respondents obtained effective (2.8), productive (3), safe (2.9) and satisfied (3) results. Whereas in the large group test with 34 respondents the results were effective (3.12), productive (3.25), safe (3.01) and satisfied (3.17). Based on the calculation of the gain value, learning media is included in the medium category in the effectiveness of increasing students’ conceptual understanding with a value of 0.6.

Midwifery Practice: Botswana Perspective

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Midwifery practice is a health service provided to the childbearing families. The discipline aims to ensure best possible well-being of child-bearing women and their families to lower the maternal, perinatal, and neonatal morbidities and mortalities. It has existed as long as human existence. In the old days, the elderly women were key players in the provision of care during pregnancy, labour, childbirth and postpartum. They were no formal training, instead their practices were based on experience and orientation to cultural practice. The history of midwifery is based as follows: 1. Informal and formal training of midwives 2. Regulations of midwifery practice 3. Scope of midwifery practice 4. Successes of midwifery practice. The challenges faced by the midwifery practice were identified as 1. Increasing maternal mortality ratio 2. Shortage of resources.3. Lack of midwifery professional association and 4. Professional restrictions on midwives’ private practice. Implications for midwifery practice: This calls for Paucity of research related to midwifery practice and Review policy for training of midwives.

Herniation from Right Iliac Crest Secondary to Autogenous Bone Grafting: A Rare Case Presentation

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Development of Hernia after iliac bone harvesting was described for the first time by Oldfield in 1945. Hernia is one of the complications that patients undergoing iliac crest bone harvesting for grafts may develop, occurance being 5-9%. These hernias usually remain asymptomatic but can present with pain as the most relevant symptom when they occur. Abdominal Ultrasonography or Computed Tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis can help the surgeon reach a diagnosis by delineating the defect of the iliac crest. The tension-free mesh repair can be performed with a transabdominal, retroperitoneal or laparoscopic approach. Hernia developed through an iliac crest defect following bone graft harvesting is a not only a rare but one of the major complication. Attention should be paid while harvesting bone graft so that this complication can be avoided.

Factors That Influence the Performance of Saving and Loan Cooperatives in the Banyumas Residency Area with the Quality of Financial Statements as Intervening Variables

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This study aims to analyze AIS, leadership competency, and internal control system’s influence on performance with the quality of financial statements as an intervening variable. The research target is savings and loan cooperatives in the Banyumas Residency area (Banyumas, Purbalingga, Cilacap, and Banjarnegara). The samples were 110 savings and loan cooperatives. The data collection method was filling out questionnaires. Respondents in this study were leaders/managers from each saving and loan cooperative. The data analysis technique used is SEM PLS, including the outer model and inner model steps. The results of this study indicate that the use of AIS, leadership competency, and internal control system have a positive and significant effect on report quality. Then the internal control system and the quality of the financial statement have a positive and significant influence on performance. However, the use of AIS has a negative impact on performance and leadership competency does not affect performance. The results of the intervening variable test show that the quality of the financial statement is proven as the mediator, so the use of AIS, leadership competency, and internal control system have a positive and significant effect on performance. This research implies that savings and loan cooperatives can improve performance by maximizing the use of AIS, having competent leaders, optimizing the internal control system function, and improving the quality of financial statements.

Comparative Evaluation of Direct Smear and Culture Methods for Detection of Trichomonas gallinae Infection in Pigeon and Chicken of Assam

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A study was carried out in order to compare the detection of Trichomonas gallinae by examination of smears of throat swab and culture of protozoa collected from both pigeon and chicken. In the present study, five culture media viz. Modified Diamond’s Media, Nutrient broth, Medium 199, Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 (RPMI-1640) were used for culture of T. gallinae. Microscopic examination of wet mount/ Giemsa stained smear and culture of the T. gallinae revealed the latter method to be superior to wet mount preparation or staining methods.

Factors Affecting the Developing Speed and Sustainability of Night-Time Economic Services in Bac Giang Province

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Until 2030, the province of Bac Giang will focus on promoting the comprehensive development of all economic sectors, with the industrial sector as the main driving force and the service sector as the motivating force. The expansion of concentrated industrial zones, coupled with the formation of new cities, has been a premise that fosters urbanization. These areas attract an abundant workforce of young immigrants and create conditions for the middle class to grow rapidly. That, along with the province’s orientation to develop tourism as an important economic sector, Bac Giang has the advantages and potentials to strongly promote night-time service economy. This article analyzes factors that influence the economic growth of night-time service activities in Bac Giang, establishes a basis for well-planned investment, as well as rapid and sustainable development of the service industry.

Measurement of Background Ionizing Radiation in Kogi State, Nigeria

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Radiation is said to be energy that is in motion and manifests itself everywhere we look in the form of waves or particles which can either useful or dangerous. Since radiation has always existed in the environment since the earth’s origin, daily exposure to varied levels of ionizing radiation is inevitable for humans. Therefore, environmental radioactivity measurements are crucial for measuring the background radiation level caused by naturally occurring radioactive sources with terrestrial and cosmic origins because of these effects on living beings. The aim of this paper is to measure and record the background radiation of various locations evenly distributed across the twenty-one (21) local government areas of Kogi State and use the measured value to produce a reliable and easily accessible background radiation contour map for Kogi State using ArcGIS 10.3. Using a portable RDS-31 Multi-survey meter, the dose rate of background ionizing radiation (BIR) was measured in μSv/hr and the result shows that Ankpa LGA has the lowest mean readings of 0.096 μSv/hr and 0.1682 mSv/yr for the annual equivalent dose rates. Yagba East had the highest mean reading of 0.2300μSv/hr and highest annual equivalent dose rates of 0.4030mSv/yr. The result shows that eventhough the AEDE are greater than the 0.07mSv/yr global average value, however they are all below the ICRP’s recommended permitted limits of 1.00mSv/yr. This demonstrates that there are no immediate radiological health effects on the general people as a result of BIR exposure in the examined locations. It is recommended that the various human activities that raise BIR levels in the regions should be reduced and that activity concentrations of natural radionuclides and BIR levels in the state be periodically assessed.

The Role of Community Care Groups in Supporting Community Client Empowerment in the Community

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Pancasila is the thought that the function of punishment is no longer just a deterrent, but also an effort to rehabilitate and reintegrate the social inmates of prisons. Prisons have an important role in the justice system. There are 4 main functions of the Penitentiary, namely; 1) Guidance; 2) Assistance 3) Supervision, and 4) Community Research. The existence of the Correctional Care Community Group (Pokmas Lipas) is very important in supporting the empowerment of correctional clients in the community, Pokmas have their respective roles to support the reintegration of correctional clients so that they can return to the community. The implementation of the correctional system which is the implementation of Pancasila values, namely coaching the personality of prisoners, is carried out by a coaching program with forms of coaching in the form of religious education, general education, skills courses, recreation, sports, arts and job training.