Pharmacological Studies on Dregea Volubilis and Derris Trifoliate – The Medicinal Plants

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The present work aims to study the pharmacological studies such as physico-chemical and phytochemical screening on Dregea volubilis and Derris trifoliate. The samples were collected, washed, dried in hot air oven and were grinded to form fine powder. Both the powders were subjected to various physic-chemical tests such as ash value, water soluble ash, acid insoluble ash and loss on drying. Solvent optimization was carried out and it was found that water and organic solvent Methanol showed best extractive values. Further Methanolic extract was subjected to phytochemical screening which showed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloid, flavonoids, tannins and phenols were present in both the plants.

Saponins were only present in Dregea volubilis plant powder.

The Influence of Principal Leadership toward Teacher Performance: A Literature Review

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The objectives of this research were to examine the Influence of Principal Leadership toward Teacher Performance. This research consists of independent variables (Principal Leadership) and the dependent variable (Teacher performance). This research was used a qualitative descriptive method by Literature Review. Data collected by a search engine, google scholar, to search the articles with keywords. Principal’s leadership and teacher performance. Based on the results of the literature review we found that there is the influence of principal leadership toward teacher performance across various countries, in general, it can be concluded that there is the influence of principal leadership toward teacher performance.

Legal Protection of Minority Shareholders under Corporate Governance Process

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In recent days, most of the corporate are failing in managing business effectively and the major cause for this is conflicts between majority and minority shareholders of the company which lead to direct or indirect destruction of business at the end. Even though, there are certain laws and provisions made for the sake of minority shareholders, those are enforced well and needs to make them as utmost safeguards to minority shareholders.

In this paper, we will discuss the issues for conflict including rights of minority shareholders as well as roles and responsibilities of shareholders by analyzing possible solution for conflicts between majority and minority shareholder.

Smart Production of Lipids as Bio-Fuel in Spirulina Platensis (=Arthrospira Fusiformis), and Bio-Oxygen and Bio-Electricity in Media Cultured in Supernatant of Digested Poultry Waste

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An experiment was conducted to evaluate growth performances and production of bio-fuel of Spirulina platensis (Gomont), and bio-oxygen and bio-electricity of culture media in supernatant of three different amount of digested poultry waste (DPW), and Kosaric medium (KM) as control. Three different amounts (concentrations) such as 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g/L poultry waste were allowed to digest under aeration. After 17 days, 700 ml grayish coloured supernatant was taken with addition of 9.0 g/L NaHCO3 and 0.50 ml/l micronutrient in 2.0 L conical flask with three replications and then autoclaved. Spirulina was inoculated to grow in these three treatments including KM (Control) after 72 hours of autoclave and then allowed to grow for a period of 14 days. This duration was estimated through repeated growth trials. The cell weight of spirulina was attained a maximum of 12.58 ± 1.25 mg/L (dry wt. basis) in KM followed by 11.46 ± 1.03, 9.16 ± 0.84 and 8.13 ± 0.73 mg/L in supernatant of 4.0, 2.0 and 6.0 g/L DPW, respectively on the 10th day of culture. Similar trend was also observed in the cases of optical density of the media contained spirulina, chlorophyll a content (mg/L), cell weight, total biomass (mg/l) and specific growth rates on the basis of cell weight and chlorophyll a. Cell weight of spirulina grown in these media had highly significant (P < 0.01) correlation with the chlorophyll a content (r = 0.993) of spirulina. Crude protein of spirulina grown in supernatant of DPW was lower than that of spirulina cultured in KM. Crude lipids as bio-fuel of spirulina cultured in supernatant of 4.0 g/L DPW was almost three times higher than that of spirulina grown in KM which may be due to high phospholipids bioaccumulation. Phosphate-P was decreased in media of DPW due to its use for high lipids biosynthesis as phospholipids. Bio-oxygen was produced higher ranged from 2.1 ± 11 mg/L on initial day to 10.20 ± 0.54 mg/L on 10th day grown in supernatant of 4.0 g/L DPW media. Bio-electricity as green electricity ranged from 135 ± 4 on initial day to 284 ± 7 mV on 10th day when spirulina cultured in supernatant of 4.0 g/L DPW which was higher than grown in other media. pH followed the similar trend like bio-oxygen and bio-electricity. It was found that the production of bio-oxygen, bio-fuel and bio-electricity had direct relation with pH in culture media of spirulina. Therefore, mass production of Spirulina platensis might be done in supernatant of 4.0 g/L digested poultry waste to get high total lipids as bio-fuel, bio-electricity and bio-oxygen.

Growth and Instability in Production and Export of Almond in Afghanistan

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The almond is native to Iran and surrounding countries as well as Asia. In 2017, world production of almonds was 2.2 million tones, with the United States providing 46% of the total. According to FAO Afghanistan is one of the 10 top producers of almonds. The study examined the growth and instability of area, production, export and consumption of almond in Afghanistan from 2000 to 2017. Exponential function fitted to estimate compound annual growth rates (CAGR) in area, production, export and consumption of almond, and Cuddy – Della Valle indices are used in the study. The compound growth rates for area, production and productivity of almonds in Afghanistan were 5.77 %, 7.37 % and 1.52 % respectively. Area under almond crop exhibited medium (19,52) instability, where production and productivity shown high (50.05 and 49.01) instability respectively, during this period. Almond consumption grew by 6.75 per cent and export grew with compound annual growth rate of 6.12 per cent from the year 2000 to 2017.Both export and consumption of almond registered high instability in this period.

Health Hazards and Protocol for Management of Used Facemasks Outside Hospitals during SARCOV-2 Pandemic

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Background: SARS-CoV-2 is highly infectious pathogenic disease leading to infection and death of millions of people all over the world till the date according to the data provided by John Hopkins University. Peoples have started using various types of mask to protect themselves from getting infected from the deadly corona virus. There has also been large amount of confusion in general public about disposal of the mask as most of them are using for first time in their life. Even healthcare professionals may be unaware of the methods of disposal of the masks outside their hospitals. This mask may carry infections from asymptomatic, SARS-CoV-2 patients that if it comes in contact with other peoples and animals may have severe bio health hazards.

Observation & Management of facemasks: Since the SARS-COV-2 pandemic outbreak since March 2020, personally, we found out that peoples a carelessly throwing masks everywhere including streets, parking lots, beaches, building complexes, sewages and homes. These masks may have been used by asymptomatic carriers or have got infected with these viruses is hazardous not only to the health of the public but also for the household waste collectors, pet animals and marine animals. Disinfecting with sodium hypochlorite * decontaminating methods like washing facemasks and drying in sunlight, pressure cooker sterilisation method, boiling, by using laundry detergent and hot dryer and cleaning in washing machine, etc.

Conclusion & Relevance: The objective of these articles is to alert the public & health care professionals to understand the hazards of throwing the facemasks at public places and preventive measure to be taken during this pandemic time and various methods of decontamination, pre-treatment and disposal of facemask avoiding severe health hazards.

Characterisation of Phytolith Production and Their Taxonomic Use among Five Species of Aristida

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Phytoliths are amorphous silicon dioxide depositions in and around the cells of certain plants. Phytoliths of Poaceae are of great importance in the field of taxonomy and Archeology. Present study confirms the use of phytolith characters in the delimitation of Aristida species. Five species of Aristida were included in the study. Various characters like presence or absence of prickle hairs, nature of margins in lobate phytoliths, shank length in relation to the length of lobes etc. proved to be promising characters in the delimitation of the taxa. A taxonomic key to the identification of species is also provided.

Finite Element Investigation of Moment Effect on Fretting Fatigue

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Fretting fatigue is a degrading process which is responsible for considerable amount of mechanical structure failure every year. In the present study, a finite element model is proposed to show the effect of a bending moment on a flat surface under fretting loading. The results show that the bending moment has a major effect on the friction stress distribution on the surface of the two solids under contact. Finite element analysis predicts an increased damage effect on the surface of solids when a load is applied as a pure moment. The results predict elevation in the relative slip between the surfaces after applying the bending moment.

Determining Criteria and Their Weights for Evaluating the Capability of Gen-Z Human Resources Meeting Japanese Labour Market Expectations- A Case Study in Binh Dinh

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The objective of this study is to determine the criteria and their weights for evaluate the quality of gen-z human resources in Binh Dinh province and their capability of satisfying the requirements of working in Japan and/or working for Japanese enterprises located in the province, using the expert method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results showed that the satisfying capability of human resources should be evaluated under 12 criteria: Physical health, Life skills, Occupational competence, Education attainment, Foreign language literacy, Computer literacy, Self-discipline and self-organization, Work attitude, Problem-solving skills, Independent working skills, Teamwork skills, and Learning skills.

 

Home Range and Distance Covered of Chukar Partridge Alectoris Chukar at Mandal Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India

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Present paper reports Home range and distance covered of Chukar partridge at mandal valley, Garhwal Himalaya from November 2018 to October 2019. During the study period, average home range (altitude M) of Chukar was 1756.75±7.75 and average distance covered from water source 69.52±6.76 (M), maximum range observed in month of June (1812±8.0) while minimum range observed in November month (1708±5.0) respectively. Maximum distance covered observed in August month (99.04±11.42) and minimum distance covered recorded in month of May (41.10±4.83). Seasonal variation was also observed, Maximum range in Summer season (1803±10.33)and minimum observed in winter season (1713.33±8.0), seasonal variation also observed in monsoon and post monsoon season (84.85± 8.77) while minimum value was observed in summer season (47.77±6.44) respectively.