Articles

Maternal Characteristics and Iron Intake as a Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Pregnant Women

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Pregnancy is a critical period for fetal growth and development, nutritional issues can significantly affect both maternal and fetal health. This phase is marked by increased nutritional needs to support fetal development and maintain maternal well-being. This study investigates the prevalence and risk factors of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women in Parung Panjang District Health Center, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 92 pregnant women, examining various maternal characteristics and nutrient adequacy levels. The prevalence of anemia was found to be 36%. Parity emerged as a significant factor, with primipara mothers showing a higher anemia rate (46%) compared to multipara mothers (23.8%). Iron intake adequacy was also significantly associated with anemia status (p = 0.050). Women with insufficient iron intake had a higher rate of anemia (45.7%) compared to those with sufficient intake (26.1%). Other factors such as maternal age, education, and vitamin C intake did not show significant associations with anemia. These findings highlight the importance of targeted interventions for primipara mothers and emphasize the crucial role of adequate iron intake during pregnancy. The study underscores the need for comprehensive anemia prevention strategies in prenatal care.

Analysis of Factors in Reducing the Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls at Ummi Kulsum Banjaran SMP Bandung District

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Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood. In Indonesia, around 90% of women menstruate every month, but the onset of menstruation can cause anemia for teenagers who experience it. This is caused by several things, of course because there is irregular bleeding, this is caused by the teenager’s age itself. , parental factors, including education and work, each person’s food intake/nutritional status, and also the menstrual cycle/length of menstruation experienced each month. This research aims to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of anemia in adolescent girls at Umi Kulsum Banjaran Middle School in 2022. The research method used is a quantitative analytical approach research design with a cross sectional research design. The research population was all 120 female students and the sample used was 55 people using the random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews and direct examination of respondents. Data analysis went through three stages, univariate (frequency distribution), bivariate (chi square) and multivariate analysis (Logistic Regression). The results of the research show that there are factors that are associated with the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls, including age, nutritional status and length of menstruation with a p-value <0.05. It is recommended that students increase their knowledge about reproductive health, especially those related to enstruation, educational institutions can optimize education about adolescent reproductive health by collaborating with health workers in the surrounding environment.

The Study to Assess the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Associated Risk Factors among Women

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Aim: The present study aims to assess the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Associated Risk factors among women at SMCH.

Methods and Materials: A descriptive research design was used for the present study. A total 50 samples were collected using quota sampling technique. The demographic variable and level of prevalence of iron deficiency was assessed using structured questioner and, followed by that data was gathered and analyzed.

Results: The results the study revealed that there is a significant association with level of prevalence of iron anemia and associate risk factors among women at p<0.05.

Conclusion: Thus, the present study assessed the prevalence of iron anemia and associate risk factors among women and it was evident there is a lack of awareness and knowledge.

A Study to Assess the Association between Malnutrition and Anemia in Underfive Children by Using two Binary Variables of Haemoglobin Crest and Low Height for Age and Low Degree of Malnutrition at Nerkundram

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Background: Anemia, which is characterized by low level of hemoglobin in the blood, is one of the major public health hazards affecting people in both developed and developing countries. Anemia may occur at all stages of life, however, young children and women in the childbearing age are the most vulnerable. When anemia occurs in children, it could affect their cognitive performance and physical growth  In women, anemia could adversely affect their capacity to work and may lead to poor pregnancy outcomes.

Methodology: Data collection was done in selected community area of Nerkundram, for a period of 1 week. The investigator obtained written permission from the Principal, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai and in charge of selected community area, Nerkundram. An oral consent was obtained from the samples prior to the study. The purpose of the study was explained to the subjects. The samples who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected. The purposive sampling technique was used to select 200 samples for the study. Everyday 25 samples were selected and collected data from them. Demographic data was collected by administering the structured tool and the biochemical variable hemoglobin was assessed clinically. The data collected were then coded and entered in Excel for further data analysis and interpretation.

Results: 200 in total Participants finished this research. After 1 weeks, The present study assessed the association between malnutrition and anemia in underfive children by using two binary variables of haemoglobin crest and low height for age and low degree of malnutrition. The study concluded that most of the underfive children had moderate to mild anemia and the parents of underfive had to be educated on malnutrition and the steps to prevent anemia.

Effect of Mother Knowledge and Household Food Security on Anemia of Pregnant Women (Study in North Buton Regency)

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Background: Anemia in pregnancy can cause disruption of pregnancy continuity, disruption of the birth process, disorders during the puerperium, and disturbances to the fetus. World data shows the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is 41.8% with a maternal mortality rate due to anemia of 303,000 people or around 216/100,000 live births. This study aims to analyze the determinants of anemia in pregnant women in North Buton Regency.

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all pregnant women aged <21 years who came to check their pregnancies at all Health Centers in North Buton Regency in January 2023 as many as 97 people with a total sample of 77 people who were taken using the proportional sampling technique.

Results: The research data was analyzed using using the chi-square test. The results showed body mass index (p-value = 0.002), food consumption level (p-value = 0.023), food security (p-value = 0.002), adherence to consumption of Fe tablets (p-value = 0.002), knowledge (p-value = 0.827), income (p-value = 0.015).

Conclusion: It can be concluded that body mass index, level of food consumption, food security, consumption of Fe tablets, and income are related to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, while knowledge is not related to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.

Parity and Eating Habits Trigger Chronic Energy Deficiency in Pregnant Women

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Nutrition of pregnant women is related to the welfare of the fetus they contain. Chronic energy deficiency (CED) during pregnancy is a trigger for cases of hypertension in pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, bleeding and premature rupture of membranes. Therefore, nutritional adequacy is something that needs to be considered, both before, during and after pregnancy ends. This research is an observational study using a case control design. This study aims to explore the factors that cause chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women. The sample used was 120 respondents who were divided into case and control groups with a ratio of 1:2. The results showed that the proportion of CED incidence was 33.3%, low education was 97.5%, risk parity was 43.3%, family income was below the district minimum wage (DMW) 60%, LILA was less than 23.5 cm 33.3%. , BMI <18.5 22.5%, anemia 31.67%, and unhealthy food consumption habits 69.16%. There is a relationship between parity, family income, anemia, and unhealthy eating habits with the incidence of CED, and there is no relationship between education and the incidence of CED. It is necessary to use appropriate technology as much as possible, such as social media in providing assistance in overcoming CED and the existence of cross-sectoral cooperation in increasing the use of home gardens for families to fulfill family nutrition.

Improving Hemoglobin Level with Increasing Copper, Cobalamin, and Iron Intake of Pregnant Women

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Over the past five years, there has been a dramatic increase in anemia problems among pregnant women in Indonesia. Almost half (48.9%) of pregnant women in Indonesia have anemia. Further research is needed to explore the role of additional nutritional deficiencies that cause anemia in Indonesia, apart from iron deficiency. The aim of this research was to determine the characteristics and nutrient intakes affecting pregnant women’s hemoglobin levels. A cross-sectional study was carried out from May to October 2019 on 60 pregnant women at Public Health Center Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta. The independent variables were pregnant women’s characteristics, intake of energy, protein, folate, vitamin B6, B12 (cobalamin), C, E, iron, copper, and calcium. The dependent variable was hemoglobin level. Multiple regression using dummy variables was used for multivariate analysis. The average age is 28.3+5.5 years old, with no mothers being of risky age. The average hemoglobin (Hb) level is 11.5+1.4 g/dL. The majority of women are in their third trimester (42%). The variables that significantly affect hemoglobin levels are the intake of iron, vitamin B12, and copper. Increasing the intake of iron, vitamin B12, and copper effectively improves hemoglobin levels among pregnant women. It is recommended to provide iron tablets in multi-nutrient form, and further research is needed for its effectiveness.

Etiopathogenesis of Calcium–Phosphorus Metabolism in Rabbits

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In this article clinical signs, hematological indicators and photo morphological changes in bones of the etiopathogenesis of calcium–phosphorus metabolism in rabbits are described. Low–nutrition, poor–quality feeding of mother rabbits during the estrus period means that the needs of the mother rabbits’ body for vitamins and macro–microelements are not fully met. Disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in rabbits are on average 53,3% during the gestation period and on average 73,3% during the postpartum period. It is accompanied by symptoms such as a decrease in response to external influences, swelling of the skin, a decrease in gloss, strong whitening of the mucous membranes, a decrease in body weight, accompanied by symptoms such as a change in appetite.

Symptoms of Chronic Ketosis in Cows and Morphobiochemical Indicators of Blood

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In this article described the ketosis which is subclinical in cows in the last months of pregnancy, the changes in appetite during lactation, anemia of the mucous membranes, decreased skin elasticity and luster of the skin, increased pulse and respiration, clinical signs such as abdominal hypotension, alopecia, and hemoglobin, glucose, total calcium decrease in inorganic phosphorus, carotene, alkaline reserves relative to physiological norms, increase in the amount of ketone bodies, decrease in the number and activity of infusoria in the large abdominal fluid and the course of large abdominal acidosis.

Chronic Constipation Revealing Geophagia: A Case Report

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Geophagia is a frequent cause of chronic constipation. It is often associated with iron-deficiency anemia, which may be the cause. We describe the case of a 4 year-old suffering from a chronic constipation. In which the radiographic examination revealed the presence of sand like stools and thus making an orientation for geophagia. This article come as a reminder of the utility of radiographic examination as a first line abdominal exploration in case of abdominal symptoms.