The Effect of Sonication Duration and Citric Acid Concentration on The Yield of Reduced Graphene Oxide (r-GO) Isolated from East Kalimantan Bituminous Coal

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Reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) is a derivative of graphene which has good electrical conductivity, so it can be used as a composite in the industrial sector. The manufacture of graphene oxide (GO) as the basic material for r-GO is carried out using green chemistry one of them is using the sonication technique and citric acid reductant. This research aims to isolated r-GO from East Kalimantan Bituminous coal which has 70,24% carbon content. The citric acid was varied on 10%, 30%, and 50% and the applies sonication duration was 10, 30, and 50 minutes. In order to obtain the optimal r-GO which was evaluated according to the lowest yield. The optimal condition took place at 10% citric acid under 50 minutes sonication. The r-GO was characterized using FTIR and it showed that the peaks of C-OH, C=C, and C-O-C exhibiting the high %T. The morphology of selected r-GO was closed to the references based on SEM analysis. There was an increase about 50,20% of carbon content in r-GO (84,412%) compared to the GO (56,199%). On the other hand, the percentage of oxygen decreased by 64,27% for GO (23,785%) to selected r-GO (8,498%). There was a change of C:O ratio, from 2,409 (GO) to 9,935 (r-GO). Its density and pH for r-GO were 1,4 g/cm3 and 2.

Implementation of Decision-Making Methods in Determining the Object of Customs and Excise Audit: Study on DGCE Regional Office of West Java for Quarter IV 2023

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This research aims to select the best customs and excise audit objects using several criteria that have been determined in this research by implementing the decision-making method in the determination process so that the process will be optimal. In this study, researchers used the VFT method to determine the criteria for determining customs and excise audit objects. Next, the researcher will select several company objects that are feasible to be audited from several nominations given using the SMART method.  As a result, 10 criteria were found and 5 companies with the highest value ranking were selected as audit objects from 21 nominated companies which were expected to provide optimal quality audit results.

The Effect of Micro and Macro Brand Ambassador Related To Soft and Hard Selling Language on Purchase Decision of Piero Shoes in Jakarta, Indonesia

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The local shoe industry in Indonesia is growing, one of the local shoe brands that is well known is PIERO, which has been established since 1999 Having experienced its peak in the early 2000s, many efforts are being made by Piero to maintain its existence. The development of the digital world, especially the social media sector which eventually became social commerce, made Piero think about whether they should choose brand ambassadors and calculate the budget to collaborate with the right brand ambassador. Moreover, there are two kinds of digital brand ambassadors: micro and macro influencers. This issue ultimately becomes a problem that must be answered immediately, because PIERO’s competitors have begun to move rapidly on social media with their brand ambassadors. The purpose of this research is to identify the effect between micro and macro brand ambassadors related to soft or hard language with brand trust, purchasing decision, brand image on Piero shoes. This research is using quantitative design. To conduct the study, the authors recruited 339 participants from an online social media then randomly assigned to one of four conditions: micro influencer with high selling language, micro influencer with low selling language, macro influencer with high selling language, and macro influencer with low selling language. They were then asked to view an Instagram post by the assigned influencer and fulfill the questionnaire. Based on the result of research analysis using spss through multi anova analysis, the author conclude that : Micro brand ambassador with soft selling language is more effective at brand trust and purchase decision, meanwhile Macro brand ambassador with hard selling language is more effective to represent a good brand image to the customer.

The Peculiarities of the Use of Activated Charcoals Obtained from Native Plum Pips in the Treatment of Wastewater of Industrial Enterprises

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The purpose of the article is to treat the wastewater of industrial enterprises with the help of activated charcoals with high adsorptive properties obtained from the waste of native plum pips, a local raw material grown in large quantities in our country. The research methods were carried out on the basis of samples presented in the literature and GOST standard indicators. According to the results, carbon activated by steam at 800 0C showed its efficiency with higher adsorption properties compared to the samples activated by acid and alkali. The results of water purification showed that the adsorption activity of the selected carbon was almost 30 times higher. The effect of activated carbon on cations and anions in water and on water hardness, color, smell, taste and pH indicators was determined in wastewater treatment by selected activated carbon.

Analysis of Electric Vehicle Purchase Intentions in Indonesia Using the Extension C-TAM-TPB Model

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The success of electric vehicles is influenced by how they are accepted and adopted by society. Identifying driving factors can help stakeholders take appropriate steps to drive Electric Vehicle Purchase Intentions. This study examined the driving variables of EV Purchase Intention using the C-TAM-TPB model approach and six extension variables in an emerging market context. This research is quantitative research. Data were collected from a questionnaire distributed to 385 people using a purposive sampling technique. PLS is used in the data analysis technique. Based on the research results, Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use significantly and positively affects Attitudes Toward EV. Furthermore, Attitude Toward EVs, Price Value, and Cognitive Status significantly and positively affect EV Purchase Intention. Meanwhile, the Infrastructure Barrier significantly and negatively affect EV Purchase Intention. Meanwhile, Incentive Policy Perception, Functional Value, and Perceived Risk have no significant effect on EV Purchase Intention.

The Effect of Capital Adequacy, Financing Risk, And Efficiency on Profit Distribution Management at Shariah Banks in Indonesia

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This research aims to examine the effect of capital adequacy, financing risk and efficiency on Profit Distribution Management in Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. This research is a population study with the number of companies studied being 12 Sharia Commercial Banks for 5 years (2014-2018 observation period) and 1 Aceh Syariah Bank for 2 years (2016-2018 observation period) in Indonesia. This research uses multiple linear analysis of panel data to analyze the data to be studied. This research empirically finds that CAR, NPF, and BOPO have a positive and significant effect on profit distribution management in Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia.

 

Design of Knowledge Flow According to the Approach of Self-Regulation Learning for Teaching Maths on Chatbot

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Each student has different skills, interests, and learning paces in a classroom. If each student has a personal tutor to support learning according to their ability, it will improve the quality of teaching and no student will be left behind. In reality, no school has enough teachers to support individual learning, but each teacher has to handle many students in the same class. Therefore, an AI Chatbot that acts as a “virtual teacher” next to a real teacher can do that. AI Chatbot can support individual students in a friendly, interesting environment and provide knowledge depending on their cognitive level. Learning with AI Chatbot also helps students feel more interested and motivated with new learning methods. Instead of teachers providing information and knowledge for students to remember and apply, AI Chatbot will help learners build and create their knowledge through interactions and experiences. Besides providing answers to learners’ queries, Chatbots can provide step-by-step instructions to achieve teaching goals for specific lessons. In this article, the authors based on the applications of AI Chatbot in teaching to present a teaching scenario using AI Chatbot to teach mathematics with a self-regulated learning orientation for primary school students. Specifically, the authors have built a scenario for the “Millimeter” lesson in the Mathematics, 3rd Grade according to three phases of self-regulated learning: forethought, performance and self-reflection.

Eco-Innovation and Non-Eco-Innovation in Shaping Financial Performance: The Moderating Role of Online Consumer Reviews from Indonesian Cosmetic Industry

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This study examines the relationship between eco-innovation, non-eco-innovation, online consumer reviews, and financial performance within the Indonesian context. Data from Indonesian companies were analyzed using quantitative methods. The findings show that both eco and non-eco-innovation positively influence financial performance. Online Consumer Reviews play a crucial moderating role, enhancing these relationships. These insights have practical significance for businesses, suggesting a balanced innovation approach and active online reputation management to maximize financial benefits. Digital reputation management and diversified innovation strategies are essential for enhancing financial performance in today’s business landscape.

Unraveling PT Cita Mineral Investindo: Growth Potential through Organic & Inorganic Strategies under Bauxite Export Ban

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Downstreaming has bring significant impact for Indonesia’s economy, with higher price on goods that were processed to gain a higher value, from IDR 17 trillion (USD 1,1 billion) at the end of 2014 to IDR 326 trillion (USD 20,9 billion) in 2021, Indonesia was able to boost the value of its nickel exports by up to 19 times. However, concerns arise as there may be a lack of clarity and confidence among investors on investment potential in Indonesia’s bauxite mining business, potentially leading to the failure on increasing added value due to the inadequate numbers of bauxite smelters to support the downstreaming process.

Bauxite export ban as part of Indonesia’s effort to downstream more minerals could lead PT Cita Mineral Investindo’s growth to plateau due to their main business is in bauxite mining with products of Metallurgical Grade Bauxite. It may affect its revenue stream negatively, and limit their potential to grow even further. Bauxite industry currently aligned with Indonesia’s plan to be a big player in EV production in the future, which could contribute to the production of aluminium material and key component to EV batteries. The study will examine the valuation of PT Cita Mineral Investindo with the scenarios of organic growth and inorganic growth in an effort to market and increase their domestic sales in order to quantify the opportunities that PT Cita Mineral Investindo may have in complying with the new regulations. The study will involve Financial Ratio Analysis to assess its business condition and DCF valuation will assess the enterprise value for both growth strategy. Sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the most factor influencing the enterprise value of the company.

The enterprise value of PT Cita Mineral Investindo in the organic growth scenario is valued at IDR 9.505.697.469.283 and in the inorganic growth scenario is valued at IDR 12.018.885.689.175. Tornado chart sensitivity analysis shows that the most influencing factors are WACC and terminal growth rate. PT Cita Mineral Investindo is valued higher when it uses an inorganic growth scenario. To achieve this, PT Cita Mineral Investindo must utilize inorganic growth through a set of joint-venture and strategic partnerships.

 

Funding Valuation to Support Disaggregation of Value Chain in HLMC Hospital Yogyakarta

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The economic cycle always goes through boom-and-bust cycles. When the economy slows down, the government will increase the money circulation; when the economy is heating up, the government will slow down the money circulation. In this regard, interest rates, credit control, currency policies, and so on play a role. The COVID-19 pandemic era accelerated the economic cycle relatively quickly. During the pandemic, the government provided massive stimuli to the economy, and during the recovery phase, the government tightened financial policies again. Such actions have made the global investment market experience tumultuous twists and turns. Corporate funding, which was relatively easier before, has become difficult. Companies once again have to adjust their business models to their original goals: value creation, generating profit and margin, and ultimately producing positive cash flow. Adapting to the changing demands of the business environment, shifting from a “growth at all costs” mindset to prioritizing “more sustainable profit,” companies must acknowledge that the essence of business activities is to generate real cash flow and tangible profits. This study compares different approaches to valuing companies: the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF), Revenue Multiple, and PE Multiples. DCF takes a valuation approach based on projections of the company’s future cash flows and real profits operationally, whereas revenue and PE multiples offer simpler valuation methods by emphasizing relative comparisons within similar industries. This simplification aids investors in evaluating potential profits when executing exit strategies. Therefore, the valuation method using DCF (Discounted Cash Flow) is not as aggressive as the valuation method using exit multiples, such as P/E (Price/Earnings) Multiple, let alone Revenue Multiple.  This research serves as a benchmark for the funding valuation method to support the disaggregation outlined by HLMC Hospital Yogyakarta in the field of skin, aesthetic, and wellness centers.