The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Employee Engagement on Employe Performance Mediated by Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) on ASN Employees at the Gunungkidul Regional Secretariat Office

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The Regional Secretariat is a key element in fostering a more professional and change-adaptive bureaucracy. According to the 2024 Performance Report of the Gunungkidul Regency Regional Secretariat, several strategic indicators have not yet been fully achieved. This reflects a performance gap between expectations and actual ASN performance. This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership and employee engagement on employee performance mediated by organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in ASN employees at the Gunungkidul Regional Secretariat Office. This study used a sample of 112 civil servants at the Gunungkidul Regional Secretariat office. The research method employed descriptive analysis to observe the characteristics of respondents and the research variables. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The study found that transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) did not significantly influence employee performance, while employee engagement significantly influenced employee performance. Furthermore, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and employee engagement on employee performance.

Prevalence and Pattern of Thyrocardiac Disease among Patients with Hyperthyroidism in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Background: Thyrocardiac disease encompasses the spectrum of cardiovascular abnormalities that arise as complications of hyperthyroidism. Despite being clinically significant and potentially life-threatening, its burden in Ethiopia remains poorly defined.

Objective: To determine the pooled prevalence and pattern of thyrocardiac disease among hyperthyroid patients in Ethiopia.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Comprehensive searches were carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar, AJOL, Hinari, Europe PMC, Cochrane library, and institutional repositories. Observational studies reporting cardiac outcomes in adults with hyperthyroidism in Ethiopia were included. Analysis was done using STATA version 17. Prevalence data were pooled using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q and I² statistic.

Results: Seven studies with a total of 1,160 participants were included in the review. Sinus tachycardia (39.32%; 95% CI: 23.34%–55.31%), Heart failure (21.65%; 95% CI: 13.84–29.46%), and Pulmonary hypertension (19.43%; 95% CI: 6.78–32.09%) were the commonest presentations, while Dilated cardiomyopathy (12.35%; 95% CI: 6.16–18.53%) and Atrial fibrillation (16.27%; 95% CI: 12.17–20.38%) were the least common. Toxic multinodular goiter was the most common cause of hyperthyroidism among these patients accounting for 64.8% (95% CI: 53.2–75.3%).

Conclusion: Thyrocardiac disease is a frequent complication among hyperthyroid patients in Ethiopia, with sinus tachycardia and heart failure being the most common presentations. These findings highlight the importance of integrating routine cardiac evaluation into the clinical management of hyperthyroidism.

Impact of Pit Latrines on Enteric-Pathogen Contamination of Groundwater in Tigania West Sub-County, Kenya

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Access to safe water and sanitation remains a challenge in many developing regions, where pit latrines are the dominant sanitation option. Their proximity to groundwater raises concerns about fecal contamination and related health risks. This study examined the effect of pit latrines on enteric-pathogen and physicochemical contamination of groundwater in Tigania West Sub-County, Meru County, Kenya. A cross-sectional design was applied, with water samples collected from 96 households across five wards. Groundwater samples were obtained from boreholes and wells located within 30 meters and beyond the recommended setback distances from pit latrines. Microbiological analyses targeted total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Staphylococcus aureus, while physicochemical parameters including pH, turbidity, colour, odour, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were measured. The results revealed high levels of microbial contamination across wards. Total coliforms were most prevalent in Athwana (1.08/100 ml) and Mbeu (0.80/100 ml), while E. coli contamination was highest in Athwana (0.23/100 ml). Salmonella was widespread, with Nkomo (0.82/100 ml) and Athwana (0.92/100 ml) showing the greatest occurrence. Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 3.8/100 ml in Kianjai to 7.23/100 ml in Athwana, exceeding WHO permissible limits. Overall, wards with pit latrines situated within 30 meters of water sources such as Mbeu (86.7%) and Nkomo (76.5%) recorded significantly higher contamination. These findings underscore the role of pit latrines in groundwater pollution in Tigania West and highlight the urgent need for improved siting, design, and management of sanitation facilities to safeguard public health.

Magnitude and Patterns of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy among Epilepsy Patients on Follow-Up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Zewiditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Background: Post-traumatic epilepsy is characterized by development of at least one seizure after the first week following a traumatic brain injury (TBI). In Ethiopia, there is a lack of data regarding the prevalence of post-traumatic epilepsy among epileptic patients.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of post-traumatic epilepsy among epilepsy patients on follow-up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) and Zewidtu Memorial Hospital (ZMH).

Methods and materials: An institution-based cross-sectional study design was implemented among patients with epilepsy attending the neurology clinic of TASH and ZMH. Data was collected from patients and medical records using a structured questionnaire and data abstraction format respectively. Descriptive analysis was conducted to summarize the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants.

Results: In this study, 280 patients with epilepsy participated from Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital and Zewidtu Memorial Hospital with a response rate of 85%. Among participants, 21 (7.5%) were diagnosed with post-traumatic epilepsy. The mean age of these patients was 41.5 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. Road traffic accidents were the primary cause of brain trauma (61.9%) and subdural hematoma (19.04%) and intraparenchymal hemorrhage (19.04%) were the commonest imaging finding. In the majority of cases (91.5%), seizures began within a period of three years following a traumatic event. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (57.1%) were the most common seizure type and generalized epileptiform discharges (35%) were the most common EEG finding.

Conclusions:  Post-traumatic epilepsy contributes significantly to the number of patients with epilepsy presenting to our neurology services, predominantly affecting the young active population, with road traffic accidents being the common mechanism.

Self-Acceptance of Breast Cancer Patients in the Minahasa Cultural Context of North Sulawesi: A Literature Review

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Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women compared to other types of cancer. Both the disease and its treatment have not only physical impacts but also significant psychological effects. Common psychological impacts experienced by breast cancer patients include anxiety, depression, fear of death, body image disturbances, and low self-acceptance. The aspect of self-acceptance plays a crucial role in the psychological adaptation process of breast cancer patients. In Minahasa society, culture and spirituality hold a central role in shaping how individuals perceive illness and the healing process. Beliefs in ancestral spirits, traditional healing practices, and life philosophies such as mapalus influence how patients respond to a cancer diagnosis and make decisions regarding medical treatment. This paper aims to conceptually explore how cultural beliefs in the Minahasa community influence self-acceptance among breast cancer patients and to discuss the application of the transcultural nursing approach using Leininger’s Sunrise Enabler Model. This conceptual paper is based on a literature review of relevant scientific articles, ethnographic sources, and cultural texts. The analysis is conducted using a conceptual framework based on the Sunrise Enabler model and Madeleine Leininger’s Culture Care theory. The literature study reveals that Minahasa culture significantly influences how patients accept their illness. Spirituality, traditional beliefs, and social support rooted in the mapalus value system can enhance self-acceptance. However, certain cultural beliefs also pose challenges, such as the myth that surgery can worsen cancer. In this context, nurses play a crucial role in culturally sensitive and collaborative repatterning through education. In conclusion, nursing approaches that acknowledge and respect local culture can effectively support patients’ self-acceptance. The nurse’s role in care delivery includes an approach that addresses patients’ spiritual, social, and cultural traditions. This holistic approach is vital for promoting treatment adherence and improving the quality of life of breast cancer patients, especially within culturally rich communities like the Minahasa society.

Negotiating Faith in Hybrid Spaces: Digital Catholic Practices among Youth in Eastern Indonesia

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This study examines how Catholic youth in Paroki Santa Maria Assumpta (St. Mary of the Assumption Parish), Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, integrate digital media into their religious life within a majority-Catholic yet infrastructurally limited context. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observations involving 20 participants, including youth, a parish priest, a parish council leader, and leaders of the basic ecclesial communities. Thematic analysis revealed five major patterns: (1) digital engagement as an extension of faith, (2) negotiations between tradition and innovation, (3) community and belonging in hybrid spaces, (4) youth agency and creative religious expression, and (5) challenges and limitations of digital practices. The findings highlight how young Catholics perceive online platforms as natural extensions of devotion, while parish leaders stress the importance of safeguarding sacramental integrity and communal bonds. Rather than replacing tradition, digital practices reframe faith through hybrid forms that blend accessibility, creativity, and community participation. The study contributes theoretically by extending discussions on digital religion into peripheral, non-Western contexts and practically by offering insights for the Catholic Church to develop adaptive pastoral strategies for digital generations.

Meta Analysis Study: Nutritional Factors in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with Obesity

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Improvement prevalence obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) become challenge significant global health, especially affected by changes style life like pattern Eat No health and lack of activity Physical. This study aims to analyze the influence of nutritional factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with obesity through a meta-analysis approach. The method used was a systematic review of articles published in 2019–2024 obtained from the PubMed, DOAJ, PLoS One, and Google Scholar databases, with a focus on dietary factors and physical activity.

The analysis of 21 observational articles with cohort and case-control study designs eligible for meta-analysis showed that unhealthy diets and low physical activity significantly contribute to the increased risk of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. This meta-analysis emphasizes the importance of nutritional factors as modifiable determinants in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes in obesity. These findings provide a strong scientific basis for the development of nutrition- and lifestyle-based public health policies and interventions.

Adaptive Work Discipline in the Digital Era: The Roles of Work Climate, Job Satisfaction, and Work Culture in Higher Education Institution

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The transformation of work landscapes due to digitalization and post-pandemic dynamics demands organizations, including higher education institutions, to create a conducive, satisfying, and positive work environment in order to support employee discipline. This study aims to analyze the influence of work climate, job satisfaction, and work culture on the work discipline of employees at Pancasakti University, Tegal. This quantitative research involved a population of 139 employees, with a sample of 58 respondents selected through proportional random sampling. Primary data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed with multiple linear regression. All data processing and statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 23. The results indicate that work climate, job satisfaction, and work culture significantly influence work discipline, both partially and simultaneously, contributing 83.1% to the variance of work discipline. These findings emphasize the importance of improving work climate, enhancing job satisfaction, and strengthening work culture as strategies for promoting employee discipline in higher education institutions, especially in the context of flexible and technology-based work practices.

Feeding Tourists and Recycling Food Waste in Sustainable Tourism Context

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The main topics related to the nutrition of tourists, the processing of food waste and the implementation of the approach for sustainable tourism development in destinations are presented.

In the context of sustainability, the main requirements that must be applied are outlined, such as individualized nutrition tailored to situational needs, effective processing of food waste, and ensuring ecological security, which is a priority for tourists and the natural environment.

New approaches to ensuring balanced nutrition are presented, using local products and foods, applying new technologies in food preparation, and raising awareness among tourists about national cuisine and places to eat.