Relevance of IPR in Small Businesses

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Small businesses in India have always been one of the major occupations in rural as well as urban terrain and they are major source of income for the middle class group. As urbanization has increased the demand for the small services like grocery shops, bakeries, vegetable shops, laundry shops, juice centers, sweet shops, small hotels etc. Majorly the urban population is a mix of all the classes of people but a considerable portion is occupied by the middle and low income group, which has resulted in requirement of small services, and retail shops. As of a result of which the small businesses mushroom in the different localities, in different sizes so that they can cater to all the segments of consumers. Small business organizations contribute to the economy significantly by distributing the finished goods to the ultimate consumers, and they also create jobs in smaller units. The large business organizations contribute to economy by creating jobs in a bulk, economies of scale. The large scale organizations have the accessibility to hire legal professionals like legal advisers and naturally they give the suggestions on legal aspects for a smooth conduct of the business. In this context large or medium sized organizations have proximity to legal protection for their inventions, design, copyrights, trademarks etc, and they consciously protect their rights by patents or trademark and so on. In this article we have made an attempt to understand the extent of application of IPR in small and micro businesses.

Determining of Well Drilling Sequence for Investment Analysis using Monte Carlo Simulation in Upstream Oil and Gas Company in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

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Electrical construction company that experienced in making Well Head Control Panels (WHCP) has difficulties to decide acceptance of investment in WHCP contracts raised with their client in upstream oil and gas company. The difficulty mostly due to uncertainty of client well drilling sequence. The electrical construction company need to financial investment analysis includes material purchasing, shipping, fabrication and delivery of WHCPs need to be done to make sure they make a profit. It is crucial for electrical construction company used correct forecasting method to determine schedule of client’s request. Monte carlo forecasting method is used to predict the well drilling sequence. The well drilling sequence data for 12 months is used to determine 24 months well drilling sequence operation with result 179 wells with normal distribution and 167 wells with triangular distribution.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Among Selected Asian Countries: A Literature Review

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: This literature review examines the landscape of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in selected Asian countries, focusing on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among healthcare professionals and the general population. Drawing insights from studies conducted in Bangladesh, Iran, Malaysia, Thailand, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and the Philippines, the review highlights the increasing interest in CAM as a holistic approach to health and well-being. While positive attitudes towards CAM are prevalent, challenges such as knowledge gaps, concerns about evidence, and limited integration into clinical care persist. The review underscores the importance of education, research, and policy interventions to promote the safe and effective use of CAM, enhance healthcare quality, and meet the diverse healthcare needs of populations in the region. Recommendations include investing in educational programs, supporting research initiatives, and raising public awareness to advance healthcare systems’ capacity in integrating CAM practices effectively.

Brazil’s Economic Potential with Carbon Credits: A Study of the “Mata Do Buraquinho” – Brazil

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Introduction: Public (state) concern about the climate has, in turn, catalyzed the creation between global governments and transnational companies, and these models are subject to risk-consequence type measures, the conduct of which is now known as the voluntary carbon credit market. The article in question deals with one of the most talked-about economic instruments for combating global warming in international politics, the carbon credit market.

Objective: The article in question proposes a reflection on this subject, which has been so much talked about in recent years, focusing on its economic perspective and using a case study methodology to support its results.

Theoretical framework: The mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a necessary condition to lead to a low-carbon economy, and the best way to achieve this is through the application of economic instruments. Such as putting a price on carbon, making this transition quicker and less costly from a social point of view. In this way, with a higher relative price for pollution, private agents will choose between paying for or reducing pollution, comparing the marginal cost of control with the price of carbon.

Methodology: Initially, a bibliographical review was made of the economic theoretical framework that underpins one of the instruments considered most efficient in combating climate change, the carbon credit market. In another part of this work, a practical application of this mechanism was carried out, using an evaluation methodology for an application of this instrument in the municipality of João Pessoa -PB, which stands out for being one of the most wooded cities in Brazil and for having some conservation units in its territory, such as the one used in the work, the Mata do Buraquinho Wildlife Reserve.

Results: The sale of the ecosystem services that the forest offers, in this case its capacity to absorb CO2, could improve the conditions for maintaining the area and perhaps attract more people to visit it. Thus, the value found for “Mata do Buraquinho” was R$61,968.26.

A Study of The Consumer Profile of Fresh Chicken B2B in Jakarta Province (Case study of Processed Noodle Restaurants)

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: The study aims to comprehensively investigate the consumer profile of fresh chicken in Jakarta, with a special focus on processed noodle restaurants, especially ramen and bakmi restaurants as the main customers in business-to-business (B2B) transactions. This research is expected to serve as a basis for further analysis on how supply companies, especially the fresh chicken industry, can explore consumer preferences, purchasing behavior, motivational factors, and challenges faced in obtaining and using fresh chicken, especially in the DKI Jakarta province. The research was conducted using a survey method with a sampling technique using purposive purposive sampling with predetermined criteria of noodle processed restaurant managers. Farmers who were used as respondents amounted to 100 respondents. The analysis method used is descriptive with mode measurement or the most frequently occurring value. The results showed that the managers of processed noodle restaurants in Jakarta province are mostly in the age group of 26-35 years with 61% (61 people), 64% (64 people) have a Bachelor’s degree. Most respondents have more than 3 years of work experience, namely 52% (52 people). The majority of the location distribution of processed noodle restaurants in DKI Jakarta province is in the city of South Jakarta (34%) and the majority of restaurants have an average number of workers between 10-20 people per outlet (83%), while 79% of restaurants have chicken meat needs between 10-20 kg.

Effects of Deforestation and Anthropogenic Aspects on Streamflow in the Mau Forest Catchments in Kenya: Hydrological Modelling of Surface Water Yields from Sondu River Basin

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Climatic factors determine the amount and distribution of atmospheric water received at the land surface while the land cover conditions determine the partitioning of this water into different hydrological components and ultimately the catchment surface water yields. This study assessed the effects of deforestation of a tropical catchment on surface water yields to address fluctuating flows of the rivers emanating from Mau Forest, the largest water tower in Kenya. Sondu basin traverses Southwest Mau Forest covering an area of 3500 km2. The main channel in the basin flows in a southwest direction into Lake Victoria in an altitudinal range of 2900 to 1130 m a.s.l over a length of 173 km. Different deforestation scenarios over the basin were integrated with climate data to form inputs to a hydrologic model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Using model outputs, the effects of deforestation on annual and seasonal surface water yields, represented by changes in streamflow volumes under different deforestation scenarios, were evaluated. Deforestation scenarios were derived from a supervised classification scheme of time series of LANDSAT images (1970-2020) to show deforestation trends. Effects of deforestation on the catchment water-yielding capacity were estimated as the ratio of the difference between simulated yields under different deforestation scenarios and those simulated under the pre-deforestation scenario of the 1970s decade. Results show that forest cover declined by 21% and a corresponding growth in land under agriculture by 26% in the period 1970-2020.  The decline in forest coverage resulted in an increase in the annual surface water yields of about 23% (from 152 to 187 MCM/year) throughout the period of study. This implies that there is less recharge of groundwater due to decreased infiltration and subsequent storage leading to lower flows during the dry seasons and increased flood frequencies in the basin during the wet seasons. The study has therefore, demonstrated that deforestation has reduced the stability of Mau Forest as a water tower and conservation of the forest will enhance its water-holding capacity thereby ensuring a stable water supply to rivers emanating from it as a way of combating floods and low flows in the basin. The resultant impacts on environment and society are displacements from floods and destruction of properties.

 

Dimensions of Risk in the Effect of Customers’ Awareness and Knowledge on the Readiness to adopt Neobanks

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The majority of conventional banks offer digital services during pandemics, while the government promotes cashless transactions in daily life. In India, the Neobanking industry is developing at an increasing rate. It’s a purely online bank with no physical branches; all transactions are made through mobile applications. The purpose of this study is to find out how aware consumers are about neobanks, as well as risk factors and readiness for neobank adoption. additionally, the study builds the SEM model from the survey data of 169 respondents that had access to online banking services. The findings indicates that while financial risk and security risk have no obvious association with knowledge, whereas awareness and social risk have a substantial link with knowledge that results in readiness to use neobanks. As a result, in order to boost client usage in the future, it is essential to raise knowledge about neobanks through media advertising and provide comprehensive information about the applications.

Influence of Colors to the Memorization Skill of the Senior High School Students

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This study aimed to investigate the influence of colors on the memorization skills of senior high school students at St. Paul University Surigao. This study applied the quantitative research design employing a descriptive survey technique with 272 participants. The main instrument employed in gathering necessary data was the researcher-made questionnaire. The gathered data were treated using sample percentage, mean, standard deviation, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Based on the results, the influence of colors on the memorization skill of senior high school students got an average mean of 3.28, and a standard deviation of 0.71 which can be verbally interpreted as Strongly Agree and qualitatively described as Always. When participants are grouped according to their sex and strand, it was revealed that there is a significant difference in terms of influence of colors on the memorization skill of the senior high school students.

Proposed Marketing Strategy to Increase Sales of F&B Business (Case Study: Kapau Anak Sultan)

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Kapau Anak Sultan is a quick-service restaurant chain specializing in Nasi Kapau, a mixed rice dish from Nagari Kapau, West Sumatra. Established in early 2021, Kapau Anak Sultan currently has over 20 outlets all over the Jabodetabek area and other cities in Indonesia. According to the external analysis, the constant rise of GDP mostly due to F&B businesses and the increase in monthly expenditure for food and beverage has made the outlook for the F&B businesses in Indonesia promising. However, the sales of Kapau Anak Sultan are declining, and brand awareness is still considered low compared to competitors. Thus, this research was conducted to provide Kapau Anak Sultan with marketing strategies aligned with the business strategy. This research used primary and secondary data. To obtain the primary data, both qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this research. To determine the current customer and internal conditions, an in-depth interview with the CEO and management was carried out. Furthermore, an online survey was conducted for the customer analysis, in which 224 respondents were obtained. Meanwhile, the secondary data, for instance, textbooks and previous research journals were used to determine the external conditions. This research affords the new segmentation, targeting, and positioning for Kapau Anak Sultan and provides the new marketing mix (4Ps), such as product, price, place, and promotion. In summary, Kapau Anak Sultan needs to re-assess its resources and capabilities to deliver excellent marketing strategies and be able to survive in the strict competition in the F&B industry.

The Effect of Green Intellectual Capital and Financial Literacy on Sustainable Financial Performance of Tofu Factory SMEs in Karawang Regency

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Sustainable financial performance is one of the main objectives of SMEs, but achieving optimal sustainable financial performance needs to be supported by the ability of resources owned by SMEs, both from the level of green intellectual capital and financial literacy. Hence, this research aims to determine the effect of green intellectual capital and financial literacy on sustainable financial performance. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method. Data is collected in the form of primary data through the distribution of questionnaires. The study population consisted of all Tofu Factory SMEs in Karawang Regency, as many as 105 SMEs, using a Purposive Sampling Strategy Criteria; thus, the final sample used was 90 respondents. Data processing techniques were carried out using PLS with SmartPLS 3.0 software through three data testing stages: the outer model, the inner model, and the hypothesis. The results found a positive and significant influence of green intellectual capital on the sustainable financial performance of Tofu Factory SMEs. Sustainable financial performance is also positively and significantly influenced by the financial literacy of Tofu Factory SMEs. Suggestions for further researchers are expected to add variables of green product innovation, creativity capital, and green financing, because those who examine these variables are still very limited; thus, they can create a more accurate model based on the actual conditions in SMEs.