The Differences in Toxicity of Pletekan Leaf Extracts (Ruellia tuberosa L.) and Lime (Citrus auraiflia) on Mortality of Culex sp. Mosquito Larvae

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Mosquitoes Culex sp. is the main vector of filariasis. Population control using chemical larvicides continuously can cause resistance. The leaves of the pletekan plant (Ruellia tuberosa L.) and lime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia) have the potential as natural larvicides. This study aims to determine the differences in high toxicity (LC50) of pletekan leaf extract and lime fruit on the mortality of Culex sp. mosquito larvae with an exposure time of 24 hours. Pletekan leaf extract and lime fruit were extracted by maceration using 97% ethanol. The LC50 can use probit analysis with SPSS applications. The results showed that pletekan leaves were toxic to Culex sp. mosquito larvae with an LC50 value of 710.169 ppm with the lowest concentration of 615.231 ppm and the highest concentration of 796.157 ppm. The LC50 value of lime fruit extract was 1026.749 ppm, with a lower limit of 846.406 ppm and an upper limit of 1294.531 ppm.

Talent Readiness of PT KAI to Face the Era of Change

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PT KAI is the only rail-based transportation company in Indonesia managed by SOEs. The main services offered by PT KAI are transportation for passengers and products, while its non-core business is real estate, and its subsidiaries include six companies offering a wide range of services. PT KAI is currently undergoing changes that can be seen with the change in partnership PT KAI is moving towards Global Partnership. This can be seen by the cooperation carried out by PT KAI with other countries in carrying out the Indonesian Fast Train project. One of PT KAI’s missions is to become digital-based railway transportation. This mission is a business response to changes moving into the digital era.

This research was conducted using quantitative methods. Data collection was carried out by researchers by visiting PT KAI Head Office located on Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan No.1, Babakan Ciamis, Kec. Sumur Bandung, Bandung City, West Java, and PT KAI Training Center located in two locations, namely Jl. Kacapiring, Batununggal District, Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia, and Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No.215, Dago, Coblong District, Bandung City, West Java, Indonesian. The respondents of this study were active employees of PT KAI totaling 168 respondents. The method of data collection is carried out by du event, namely Quick Count or Pooling Priority, and also through Questionnaires. The data processed then was from 140 respondents. The data reduction was carried out because it was found that there were outliers of 28 respondents or 16.67% obtained through examination with the  SPSS 26 tool with the Casewise Diagnostic method.

Researchers also provide solutions to change issues so that PT KAI is better prepared to face the era of change in the future,  consist of PT KAI Goes International through English Habits, and Work Abroad Opportunities for PT KAI’s Top Talent, Transforming Service Quality and Security by maximizing the use of AI and Renewable Technology in all Business processes, Creating Synergies (Including SOEs) through harmonious and collaborative strategic alliances with other state-owned companies, Global Partnership as the best transportation ecosystem solution for Indonesia by opening up to the existence of a Global partnership business scheme.

Super Glue Production by Dermatophytes: Review

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Dermatophytosis can be caused on by the invasion and infection of keratinized tissues in people and animals via a group of filamentous fungus known as dermatophytes. About a quarter of the world’s population is affected by it which is one of the most prevalent superficial fungal diseases.  Some of these fungi have the capacity to develop complex 3-D biofilm structures, or “biofilm,” which are distinguished by the creation of extracellular polymeric molecules and a heightened drug resistance. The assessment of biofilm now relies on a variety of different methods, which frequently results in various evaluations of the microbial strains’ capacity to create biofilms.

It has only recently been discovered the architecture and growth features of dermatophytic biofilms (Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp.). Additionally, the structural complexity and lack of research on filamentous fungal biofilms make therapy challenging. Therefore, there is a demand for newer antifungals or methods for treating resistant dermatophytosis to offer an efficient, original, and safe substitute to current treatments. Therefore, this review highlighted on the significance, characterization and evaluation of biofilm that produced from dermatophytes.

 

Implementation of Pancasila Ideology in Indonesian Educational Leadership: A Literature Review

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Pancasila plays an important role in responding to the times because the basic values ​​of Pancasila can be developed in the life of the Indonesian nation. Pancasila is the basis of the Republic of Indonesia which is used as a reference in the nation and state. Pancasila as the foundation of nationality and state administration can be used as a solution to solve complex problems in terms of economic, social, political, cultural, educational, defense and security dimensions. The actualization of Pancasila values ​​needs to be socialized, internalized and strengthened in its implementation, in the practice of national and state life by strengthening the character of the nation’s generation in participating in building public understanding of national awareness. The Indonesian state needs a leader who can carry out his vision based on the values ​​of Pancasila as a unifying tool for the nation. The values ​​contained in the Pancasila ideology can be used as the basis for Indonesian education leadership. The values ​​contained in Pancasila, whether God, Humanity, Unity, Consensus, and Justice, must be practiced and applied in the life of the nation, state and society in order to achieve the goals of education in Indonesia. Pancasila-characterized leadership will be able to guide the community towards the ideals of the state, and can be an intermediary in uniting the nation, and instilling the values ​​of Pancasila in the Indonesian people.

Prevalence Study of Biofilm Marker ica D Gene among Coagulase Positive Staphylococcus of Mastitic Origin

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Bovine Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, usually due to microbial infection, which causes economic loss to dairy producer every year. Staphylococcus is one of the most common pathogens responsible for contagious mastitis in bovines. The aim of this study was to identify coagulase positive Staphylococci isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis. In vitro biofilm forming ability of the isolates, an important virulence factor of mastitogen and prevalence of biofilm marker icaD gene among the isolates. In the present study, 70 isolates were biochemically identified as S. aureus. Biochemically characterized strains of S. aureus were screened for biofilm formation. Phenotypic detection of biofilm formation of S.aureus were done by two methods, namely, Congo Red Agar (CRA) method and Tube Method (TM). The frequency of biofilm formation in S. aureus strains was 28.57 per cent on CRA plates while 71.42 per cent were biofilm non-producers. The frequency of biofilm formation in S. aureus strains was 38.57 per cent in total as shown by tube method while 61.42 per cent were biofilm non-producers. Employing PCR, molecular detection technique of icaD gene was carried out. In this study, 72.85 per cent S. aureus strains were found to be positive for icaD gene which produced an amplicon of 381bp.

 

Internship Program in Virtual and Modular Instruction as Perceived by Students

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Virtual classrooms use a number of media forms to present information, catering to a wide range of student skills and learning styles. Videos, presentations, slide shares, animations, digital whiteboards, and webinars are all examples. A virtual classroom is an online teaching and learning environment in which teachers and students can present course materials, engage and interact with other virtual class participants, and collaborate in groups.

The study used descriptive  quantitative research descriptive method. Descriptive survey is used to information or conditions with the use of questionnaire.

The study found that Through Online and Modular internship, students have acquired indeed knowledge and skills that can be utilized in their field.  Though the overall interpretation wasn’t that high enough, therefore, there is still a room to be improved in virtual internship. The existing challenges can be, first is the source of income, lack of gadgets to be used in the internship. However, these can be fixed in both helping hands. The Online respondents definitely encounter some challenges in a form of learning activities and learning patterns in which confusion is the concern, hence less is more. The brief the explanation, the more the students can under stance the process.

It is recommend that instructors may maintain their competencies on teaching students to throughout the internship of the students, hence they will be challenged to push themselves to learn and improve their performance despite of the challenges. Some challenges in a form of learning activities and learning patterns were major challenges yet the clarity of the activities would lessen the burdens to the students so that they can show their full potential. Thus, clarity is a must. The educators and instructors may understand the student’s situation. It will help them to boost their self-confident so that they will not hold back to improve their performances.

 

Proposed Design of Performance Management Framework for 3PL (Third-Party Logistics) Aggregator

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This white paper proposes a performance management framework for third-party logistics aggregators (3PLs) that connect e-commerce companies and logistics providers. The logistics industry has grown rapidly in recent years, and with the emergence of aggregators, performance records must be updated. Using a case study of an Indonesian startup PT P, we create a framework using qualitative and quantitative interviews with the company’s C-levels. The framework is based on KPBMS, a simple and knowledge-based performance management system available in Indonesia. Traditional financial-based performance management systems have proven limited in their ability to adapt to modern organizational operating systems. A new-generation performance management system is based on the company’s strategy and values, is customer-centric, long-term, and emphasizes continuous improvement. The proposed framework includes strategic objectives, key performance indicators (KPIs), objectives, initiatives and reviews. KPIs are categorized into financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth perspectives. Goal setting is based on broader goals, and initiatives are defined on the basis of rapid outcomes and long-term projects. The review process includes monthly, quarterly, and annual reviews focused on identifying areas for improvement. The proposed framework will help 3PL aggregators like PT P to set up a performance management system to monitor the performance of logistics providers and provide recommendations to e-commerce companies.

Physiotherapy Management of Vocal Cord Paralysis in a Nigerian Hospital: A Case Report

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Background: Vocal cord paralysis is disabling and can lead to morbidities such as dysphagia, dysphonia and aspiration. It can also lead to loss of quality of lives and productivity in sufferers. An appropriate understanding of etiologies, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and management are essential in offering patients appropriate treatments. This article discussed a case report of the physiotherapy assessment and management of a patient with vocal cord paralysis.

Case Presentation and Treatment Outcome: A case report of the assessment and management of a 38-year old male patient with vocal cord paralysis. Patient was referred from Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) department to the physiotherapy department after an emergency tracheostomy done 2 months prior to referral. He was given appropriate physiotherapy intervention after a thorough assessment. Voice Handicap Index Score (VHIS) was used to assess voice projection of the patient. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was used to assess the level of pain while tape measure was used to measure chest excursion. The CARE: CAse REport guideline for case reports was followed. All ethical procedures were followed as well. Treatment outcome revealed full AROM of the neck, increased chest excursion (from 2cm to 3.5cm),  no hoarseness, no choking during deglutition and a Voice Handicap Index score of 25 after 10 treatment sessions. Pain level on Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was reduced from 8/10 to 2/10.

Conclusion: Physiotherapy is effective in the management of vocal cord paralysis. Early referral to Physiotherapy is advised for good prognosis. Adequate teamwork and proper communication pathways should be encouraged in hospitals for good treatment outcome.

A Case Report of Limb Dystonia Management in a Nigerian Hospital: Physiotherapy Perspective

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Background: Dystonia is a common movement disorder characterized by abnormal postures of the affected body part. The disabilities associated with dystonia are socially disabling and disfiguring, ranging from pain, loss of muscle strength and activities of daily living, poor quality of sleep and even depression. This article presents a case report of physiotherapy approach in the management of a patient with limb dystonia with major focus on pain management, balance control and functional independence.

Case Presentation and Treatment Outcome: A case report of the management of a 48-year old female patient with limb dystonia. Patient was referred from the neurology unit, department of Internal Medicine, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) to the neurology unit of the physiotherapy department, UPTH as a case of lower limb dystonia with an unknown cause. Appropriate physiotherapy intervention was given for a period of 12 weeks after a thorough assessment of the patient. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was used to assess the level of pain in the affect limbs. The Berge Balance Scale (BBS) was used to assess the patient’s balance while Barthel Index (BI) was used to assess the functional independence of the patient. The case report was presented in line with CAse REport (CARE) guideline for case reports. All ethical procedures were followed. Treatment Outcome revealed that the score on Berg Balance Scale increased from 25 to 45 while that of Barthel Index scale increased from 13 to 18 after 12 weeks of intervention. Pain level on Range of Motion (ROM) based on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) reduced from 4/10 to 0/10 on the upper limb and from 9/10 to 1/10 on the lower limbs.

Conclusion: Physiotherapy is effective in the management limb dystonia. Early referral to Physiotherapy is key to pain management, balance control and overall functional independence of the patients.

Design and Implementation of a Multi-Channel Temperature Measurement System Based on LabVIEW

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As computer technology and instrument technology advance rapidly, both virtual instrument and Lab-VIEW have significantly grown. LabVIEW is extensively employed in the industrial and academic sectors for developing data acquisition systems, instrument control software, and analysis software. This paper presents the design of a multi-channel temperature measurement system based on a single-chip CPU and LabVIEW. The system consists of analog-to-digital conversion modules, temperature measurement modules, and data acquisition modules. The system uses the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem and the advantages of various digital filter types to obtain temperature uncertainty, including the compensation uncertainty of the reference junction. The system is of high quality in measuring accuracy, stability, scalability and other aspects. The complete system was inspected and verified using a superconducting magnetic energy storage device (SMES). The results demonized the ease of construction, practicality and precise regulation of the system. These results also show that temperature measurement devices are less than 0.1°C absolute error and are highly accurate, making them valuable for applications that require precise temperature measurements.