Articles

Perceived Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Clinical Care and Treatment of Tuberculosis-Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (TB-DOTS) Patients

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The study determined the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical care and treatment of TB-DOTS patients in Claver, Surigao del Norte, Philippines, from 2020 to 2022. The research utilized a quantitative approach through a descriptive survey, with 150 respondents through purposive sampling. Most respondents were male, and a notable proportion had completed high school. The analysis employed descriptive statistical tools, showing a positive attitude toward the financial aspects of compliance and heightened awareness of COVID-19 preventive measures. Despite challenges introduced by the pandemic, such as difficulties attending medication refill appointments, TB-DOTS patients generally expressed satisfaction with Claver’s healthcare facilities, there are variations based on educational attainment and occupation. These variations suggest the need for tailored interventions to address the specific needs and challenges of different groups of patients. Additionally, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare services and medication refill appointments is evident. To mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on TB services, health authorities in the Philippines collaborated with key stakeholders to ramp up and adopt easy-to-implement solutions. One solution was home-visit treatment with the help of health workers.

Factors Related To the Incidence of Pulmonary TB in Rural Communities in South Lampung, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study

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Indonesia is ranked second in the world with the highest number of TB cases after India. The trend in the case detection rate of tuberculosis cases for all types per 100,000 population in Lampung Province, Indonesia, during 2016-2020 tends to increase. This research aims to analyze factors related to the incidence of pulmonary TB. This case-control study with a sample of 58 respondents (29 in the case group and 29 in the control group) was conducted in the work area of one of the public health centers in South Lampung Regency, starting September-October 2023, using purposive sampling. The research instrument consists of a questionnaire sheet. Data analysis used Chi-square and logistic regression tests. The results of the study showed that the factors associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB in this study area were age (OR= 3.90; 95% CI = 2.28-6.65), nutritional status (OR= 3.72; 95% CI = 1, 23-11, 16), economic status (OR= 4, 22; 95% CI = 1, 40-12, 65), home hygiene (OR= 6, 89; 95% CI = 2, 17- 21.80), smoking habits (OR: 4.71, 95% CI = 1.48-15.03), and the history of pulmonary TB in the immediate family (OR: 3.57, 95% CI = 1.12-11 .37). The dominant factors associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB in this area are economic status (OR= 34.31; 95% CI= 1.56-753.26) and history of pulmonary TB in the immediate family (OR= 37.67; 95% CI = 1.75-809.26). It is necessary to provide education on risk factors for the incidence of tuberculosis, especially about reducing close contact between TB patients and family members, for example, by wearing masks and not throwing away TB patient waste.

Deep Breathing and Coughing Techniques are Effective for Airway Clearance in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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Tuberculosis is a public health problem throughout the world. Mortality and morbidity rates of tuberculosis continue to rise. This study aims to determine the effectives of deep breathing and effective coughing technique against airway clearance in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. This research is a Quasi Experiment with the design of the study one group pretest posttest held in one of the hospitals in the city of Padang. Samples taken as many as 12 people. The data collection is done by observation. Univariate data analysis performed using descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis with statistical paired t-test. The results of this study 33.3% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with the deep breathing  that is not good, 33.3% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with cough ineffective, 100% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with airway clearance were not clean before the deep breathing  and effective cough techniques, 33.3% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with airway clearance were not clean after the deep breathing and effective coughing techniques, there is influence of deep breathing and coughing techniques against airway clearance in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. This study shows that there is influence of deep breathing and efective cough techniques  against airway clearance in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Through leader the hospital, is expected to increase patient motivation in doing deep breathing and coughing techniques in accordance with Standard Operating Procedures (SOP).