Articles

Factors Influencing Patient Delay in Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Community Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Delays in the treatment of Tuberculosis (TB) result in the failure to achieve the TB program’s goals. The delay in TB treatment can be measured by patient delay and healthcare service delay.This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of patient delay in pulmonary tuberculosis. The type of this research is quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The research population consists of all suspected Pulmonary TB patients, totaling 182 patients, with a sample of 158 respondents using the proportional random sampling technique. This research was conducted in the Working Area of Maja Public Health Center, Marga Punduh District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung, Indonesia, in September-October 2024. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted univariately (frequency distribution), bivariately (chi-square), and multivariately (logistic regression). The research results indicate that there are factors associated with the occurrence of patient delay in this study, namely age factor (p-value <0.001), gender (p-value = 0.017), employment status (p-value <0.001), economic status (p-value <0.001), education level (p-value = 0.003), knowledge level (p-value = 0.023), smoking history (p-value = 0.022), distance from residence (p-value = 0.040), and cadre support (p-value <0.001). The dominant factor influencing the occurrence of patient delay in tuberculosis treatment is the employment factor (p-value = 0.019; OR (95% CI) = 21.5 (1.67-279.24). Advice for healthcare workers includes providing education about TB, particularly the cough symptoms suspected to be TB, especially in the smoking community, and efforts to change patients’ perceptions about TB are essential to reduce the level of delay in seeking early healthcare.

The Effect of Slow Deep Breathing Exercise on the Blood Pressure of Elderly People with Hypertension at the Working Area of the Public Health Centre Air Tawar Padang

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Hypertension is often found in elderly, it is a major factor causing stroke and heart disease. The number of people with hypertension continues to increase every year, it is estimated that by 2025 there will be 1.5 million people affected by hypertension in the world. The purpose of study was to determine the effect of slow deep breathing exercise on changes in blood pressure in the elderly in Public Health Center Air Tawar. This researchis a Quation Experiment with one group pre-post design. The research was conducted in Public Health Center Air Tawar, Padang from January to June 2022. The population were 80 erderly with hypertension,with a sample of 20 people obtained from the slovin formula. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test with Signed Rank Test. The type of data wasseondary obtained from the Air Tawar Public Health Center and Primary from questionnaires. The results showed that the average of systolic blood pressure before intervention was 149/100 mmHg. The average after the intervention decreased to 140/92mmHg. The effect of the slow deep breathing exercise was proven by the significant value of blood pressure before intervention and after intervention was 0.001. The conclusion shown, there was a significant influence of slow deep breathing exercise on changes in blood pressure of the elderly. The changes in blood pressure obtained were still in the category of hypertension, it is hoped that respondents willconsume low-salt diet, drug consumption and utilizing the services of health workers can make slow deep breathing exercise as one of the blood pressure control techniques.