Articles

Assessment of the Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) Status of Oyese Wetland Ogume Delta State for Cage Aquaculture in Secondary Schools as a Tool for Regiging Education in Nigeria

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This is an ex-post facto research that investigated the OCPs content of Oyese wetlands. The study answered 4 research questions and tested a hypothesis. To achieve these objectives, Oyese wetland was mapped out into 5 research cells and from each of the research cells, water samples were collected from 10 spots bulked and composites drawn and stored in ice cooled boxes for analysis. The analytical standards adopted were CEAM and ASTM and the instrument deployed for determination of the OCPs was Agilent GC 7890A and Agilent GC 8081. The mean results obtained are; DDT 1.65 µg/l, DDD; 1.72 µg/l; DDE 1.36 µg/l, endrin; 1.72 µg/l and diedrin 0.87 µg/l. The result of the OCPs investigated were subjected to test of significance with ANOVA using SPSS model 21 at 0.05. The p-value is 0.41 thus rejecting Ho. The study recommends that cage aquaculture should not be implemented in Oyese wetland, the pollution source should be identified and plugged, decontamination and remediation should be mandated, this will allow for the deployment of cage aquaculture for pollution free fish product for the produce to meet local and international consumer standards.

Effect of Cadmium Nitrate on Acute Toxicity of Fish Channa Punctatus at 24 Hr. by Dragstedt and Behren’s Method

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This study was carried out on fish channa punctatus to investigate the lethal concentration of cadmium nitrate on fish channa punctatus at 24 hr.
Experiment procedure was repeated five times at the selected cadmium nitrate concentrations, noting the number of fish killed. The mean value was taken. These values were taken to determine LC50 value for 24 hr.
Toxicity of heavy metals it may be depends upon the dose and time of exposure period.

Organochlorine Pesticide Quantification of Otogor Wetland Ughelli Delta for Secondary Schools Cage Aquaculture for Hunger Eradication in Nigeria

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United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2 requires all member Nations to achieve zero hunger by 2030. Agriculture especially aquaculture adopting cage technique has been recognised as a very viable option in achieving this set goal. Aquaculture requires water devoid of pollutants and that underscores the study. This is an ex-post facto research that answered 3 research questions and tested a hypothesis and its focus is on the determination of the organochlorine pesticides content of Otogor wetland for cage aquaculture in secondary schools for zero hunger. To achieve this, Otogor wetland was mapped out into research cells A, B, C, D, E. From each of the cells, water was sampled with clean sampling bottle tied to a graduated string from 5 spots at 10 cm depth. The water samples from each cell were then bulked, a composite drawn, fixed with HNO3 and stored in ice cooled box for analysis. The analytical standards adopted were USEPA 3570, APHA, Steindwandter and Shufter 1978. The analytical instrument deployed for determination is Agilent 6100 series single quadrupole LC/MS. The mean results of the organochlorine pesticides investigated in Otogor wetland were DDT 1.27±0.21μg/l, heptachlor 3.01±0.45μg/l, a-lindane 0.33±0.09μg/l, adrin 3.52±1.00 μg/l and endrin 0.32±0.11μg/l. The results of the organochlorine pesticides investigated were subjected to test of significance with ANOVA with numerator 4 and denominator 20. The F ratio calculated value is 5.59 while F ratio critical value is 2.87, thus rejecting Ho and accepting Ha. The study thus recommend that cage aquaculture should not be deployed in Otogor wetland with the present pollution status. The pollutants source point should be identified and discontinued and remediation should be commissioned in Otogor wetland to return the wetland to its healthy state to allow for the deployment of cage aquaculture for youths empowerment for zero hunger in Nigeria.

Application of Activated Afzelia Africana and Acacia Albida Carbon for Removal of Pollutants in Textile Wastewater

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Adsorption of contaminants in textile wastewater onto activated carbon derived from two wood species has been studied using batch-adsorption techniques. This study was carried out to examine the removal efficiency of the low-cost adsorbent (Afzelia africana) AFA and (Acacia albida) ACA for the removal of heavy metals and other organic contaminants from textile effluents. The influence of contact time and adsorbent dose kept constant on the adsorption process was also studied. Removal efficiency increased with increase in contact time. The two adsorbents had an average removal efficiency of 60% at 90mins contact time for Zn. The ACA had higher removal efficiency for chromium at all contact times than AFA except at 120mins contact time where there existed a slight difference in the removal efficiency between the two adsorbents. Removal efficiency of iron was high between 58.18- 70.52% and 72.75-75.86% for AFA and ACA carbon respectively. This showed that iron had high affinity to the adsorbents surface. It was observed that AFA exhibited highest removal efficiency for nitrate at all contact times as compared to ACA. Results indicated that the freely abundant, locally available, low-cost adsorbent derived from the two wood species could be treated as being economically viable for the removal of contaminants from textile effluents.