Articles

Meta Analysis Study: Nutritional Factors in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with Obesity

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Improvement prevalence obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) become challenge significant global health, especially affected by changes style life like pattern Eat No health and lack of activity Physical. This study aims to analyze the influence of nutritional factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with obesity through a meta-analysis approach. The method used was a systematic review of articles published in 2019–2024 obtained from the PubMed, DOAJ, PLoS One, and Google Scholar databases, with a focus on dietary factors and physical activity.

The analysis of 21 observational articles with cohort and case-control study designs eligible for meta-analysis showed that unhealthy diets and low physical activity significantly contribute to the increased risk of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. This meta-analysis emphasizes the importance of nutritional factors as modifiable determinants in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes in obesity. These findings provide a strong scientific basis for the development of nutrition- and lifestyle-based public health policies and interventions.

Challenges and Barriers for Employees in Conducting Physical Fitness Measurements: A Literature Review

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Physical fitness measurement is one of the central government’s programs that must be implemented by employees in government institutions such as community health canters in order to increase productivity at work by maintaining a fit body condition and improving the health status of employees. The measurement of physical fitness has various challenges and obstacles, both for health canter employees and those working in other public service places. This study aims to identify the challenges and barriers faced by employees in conducting physical fitness measurements. The research method used a literature review, selecting articles using the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases with inclusion criteria including articles in the form of studies with qualitative or quantitative approaches, in Indonesian or English, full-text, and published in the period from 2016 to 2024. A total of 50 articles were obtained, of which 10 articles were included in the discussion. The research results show that the barriers to measuring physical fitness include physical and social environmental barriers in efforts to improve employees’ fitness and physical stamina; work efficiency and productivity; the need for improved facilities and infrastructure to support employees in physical fitness activities; challenges in measuring physical fitness, including the target distance for the Rockport fitness measurement method at 1.6 km, the high workload of employees which necessitates enhancing their fitness measurement capabilities, employees’ understanding and knowledge, as well as instructions or commands from their superiors to improve the quality of physical fitness measurement results optimally.

Analysis of Factors Affecting Complaints of Lower Back Pain among Nurses at Bhayangkara Hospital Kendari

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Background: One of the important factors that affect the quality of nurses’ work is occupational health and safety. One of the occupational diseases is Low Back Pain (LBP). Occupations that have a high risk of back pain are nurses. According to the Indonesian Neurological Association (INA) regarding the incidence of lower back pain in hospital nurses, the prevalence of lower back pain cases in nurses in Indonesia shows that 18,2% occurs in men and 13,6% in women. Then, based on the nursing management report at Bhayangkara Hospital Kendari in 2023, most of the nurses’ complaints were lower back pain due to the workload being too high for nurses.

Method: This research was a quantitative analytical research with a cross-sectional design approach. The data analysis was carried out using SPSS statistical tests with multiple linear regression. The population in this study was 102 nurses, while the sample was 102 nurses (total sampling).

Results: The results showed a significant p-value for workload 0,049<0,05, physical activity 0,028<0,05, body position 0,004<0,05, working period 0,048<0,05 and body mass index (BMI) 0,001<0,05.

Conclusion: This research concluded that there was an effect between workload, physical activity, body position, work period and body mass index on complaints of lower back pain in nurses at Bhayangkara Hospital Tk.III Kendari. This research can be a reference material for hospitals, health workers or nurses and can increase knowledge in preventing or reducing the occurrence of lower back pain while working.

Scoping Review on Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity in Older Adults

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Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID -19) is highly contagious disease caused by a new corona virus that first appeared in Wuhan, China and was dubbed SARS-CoV-2. Physical activity lowers the risk of numerous chronic diseases and extends life expectancy. The number of older persons suffering from mental illnesses has risen dramatically in recent years around the world. Depression and anxiety are common mental disorders among older persons, and because of their serious implications, they should be considered a public health issue. Physically active lifestyle can help them cope with the psychological stress and drastic lifestyle changes that come with social isolation. The perceived comfort and attractiveness of environmental settings appear to play another important role for older persons in terms of their sense of security towards their own body and the environment. As we all know, a variety of factors such as environmental and social factors can have an impact on the physical and psychological health of the elderly, causing anxiety, depression, and loneliness. In order to overcome these symptoms, physical activity plays a critical role.

Effect of Nutrient Intake, Nutritional Status, Physical Activity and Sunlight Exposure on Bone Mineral Density in Women: A Systematic Review

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Osteoporosis is a condition or disease that can cause bones to become brittle and break easily. The risk of osteoporosis in women is greater than in men, which is four times greater. Bone mineral density (BMD) or bone density is the total mineral present in bone. Measurement of BMD is important to show the degree of bone mineralization associated with osteoporosis. There are factors associated with reduced bone density. Thus, this systematic review aimed to analyze several factors related to BMD in women including nutrient intake, nutritional status, physical activity, and sunlight exposure. Studies in this systematic review were gathered by the (PRISMA) guidelines and identified through PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases from 2017 until 2022. A total of 17 articles passed the eligibility and were analyzed in this systematic review. Studies found the effect of nutrient intake, BMI, physical activity, and sunlight exposure on BMD in women from different age groups. So it is necessary to make eating habits with good nutritional intake and have a lifestyle that routinely carries out sufficient physical activity and gets sufficient sunlight to improve and maintain bone health until old age.