Articles

The Effectiveness of Deep Breathing Exercise Therapy on Oxygen Saturation among Patients with Ischemic Stroke

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Ischemic stroke is an abnormality of central nervous system function in which blood flow decreases significantly, causing hypoxia. This systemic hypoxemia should be avoided; therefore oxygen saturation is monitored in the acute phase. One of the interventions that can be done in order to increase oxygen supply is by deep breathing exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of deep breathing exercise therapy to increase oxygen saturation on patients with ischemic stroke. This study is a quasi-experimental study with one group pre-posttest design that has been implemented in the neural room of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang with a sample of 16 patients with ischemic stroke who have fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data was collected directly by measuring oxygen saturation of patients with ischemic stroke before and after a deep breathing exercise intervention. The data were processed by computer and analyzed as univariate and bivariate. Normality test results show the data is not normally distributed so that the analysis used is non-parametric test by using Wilcoxon test. The results showed that deep breathing exercise therapy was effective in increasing oxygen saturation level of patients with ischemic stroke with p = 0,000 so it can be recommended that this therapy can be used as one of the nursing interventions on patients with ischemic stroke to increase the oxygen saturation level.

Effects of Moderate Intensity Circuit Exercise Programme on the Blood Oxygen Saturation and Pulmonary Function of People Living With HIV

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Introduction: Impaired pulmonary function and arterial oxygen (O2) saturation are among the symptomatic changes in people living with HIV (PLWH), associated with progression of HIV disease and anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Exercise has been considered an important adjuvant therapy for health promotion and improving the pulmonary function of PLWH. However studies are lacking on the effects circuit exercise training on o2 saturation and pulmonary function of PLWH.

Objective: This study determined the effect of moderate intensity circuit exercise programme on the O2 saturation and pulmonary function of PLWH.

Methods: The study design was a pretest-posttest randomized controlled design. A total of 120 participants were recruited from the HIV clinic of a teaching hospital. Fish bowl method was used to randomize the participants to control group or exercise group. Moderate intensity (50 – 75% MHR) circuit exercise programme was administered to the participants 3 times a week between 30-60 minutes per session for 8 weeks. Pulse Oximeter and hand held spirometer were used to measure the oxygen saturation and some pulmonary functions respectively. Measurement were taken at baseline and at 8-week. Descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation and percentages were used to summarize demographic data. Paired sample t-test and Independent sample t-test determined the mean difference within the groups and between the groups respectively. Alpha level was set at P<0.05.

Results: There was significant difference in the mean score of O2 saturation and pulmonary function within the exercise group after 8-week exercise intervention. There was significant difference in the mean score of O2 saturation and pulmonary function between the control group and exercise group after 8-week exercise intervention.

Conclusion: An 8-week circuit exercise programme brought about improvement in O2 saturation and pulmonary function of PLWH. Circuit exercise can be effectively employed to improve lung function and ameliorate the exercise hypoxemia associated with decreased O2 saturation in PLWH.