Articles

Human Development and Government Expenditure in Asian Countries: An Empirical Study

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This study examines the impact of public spending on human development in Asian countries, considering both investment and current spending. The empirical method is a system-GMM, using a dataset of 35 Asian countries collected from 2005 to 2014 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The findings indicated that government spending, both investment and current spending, had effects on the human development index, but these effects are not linear. Depending on the type of expenditure, the detected threshold effect is U-shape or inverted U-shape. According to this study, government spending could adversely impact human growth if the optimal expenditure thresholds are broken. These findings have significant implications for enhancing the effectiveness of public expenditure to improve the human development index. This study also provides meaningful lessons that are especially pertinent for Asian countries, including Vietnam.

Fiscal Analysis Based on the Implementation of Regional Development in Badung Regency, Bali in 2021

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Covid-19 on the Regional Budget of Badung Regency in 2021 in terms of the aspect of the resulting fiscal gap. This study was designed using a quantitative approach and validated by a qualitative approach. Quantitative data was obtained from budget documents before and after the Covid-19 outbreak and analyzed using the fiscal gap formula. Qualitative data were analyzed by sorting and selecting data (reduce), presenting data (display), and concluding data (conclusion: drawing/verifying). These three analytical techniques are carried out at each stage of the research, both at the preparation stage, the implementation stage in the field, and after the stage in the field. The results of the study found that the weighted value of the population index was 0.344 GDP/capita 0.324 human development 0.267 construction cost 0.247 and area 0.03. Based on the results of these studies, it is recommended to the Badung Regency Government, so that in making development policies pay attention to the value of the index weights that affect the general allocation fund in designing the regional revenue and expenditure budget.