Articles

The Nexus between Mediterranean Diet, Obesity and Climate Change

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Obesity and climate change consist of two major problems which have severe economic, environmental, social and health impacts all over the world. Mediterranean diet used to be the traditional diet in Mediterranean region with many nutritious and health benefits and low environmental impacts. However, it has been replaced nowadays with the western diet or other similar diets. The interlinkages among Med diet, obesity and climate change have been studied. The interrelation among them have been analyzed indicating their complex interdependence. Obesity and climate change are mutually interlinked while the use of Mediterranean diet can reduce the obesity rates and mitigate climate change. It has also lower environmental impacts, compared to western diets, leading to sustainable agricultural systems. Climate change has adverse impacts to Mediterranean diet due to harmful impacts on agriculture. Our findings indicate that the broad adoption of Mediterranean diet would reduce the obesity rates, mitigate climate change, reduce the undesired environmental impacts of the food production system and promote the sustainable agriculture which is necessary for the healthy nutrition of an increasing global population. The results could be useful to national and international policy makers who are trying to develop policies for the mitigation of climate change and the reduction of obesity rates promoting nutritious, healthy and sustainable food production and consumption systems.

The Interrelation between Obesity Management and Climate Change in Greece

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Two major global problems of our era are climate change and obesity. Both are interlinked and interconnected having undesired social, economic, environmental impacts as well as harmful impacts on human health. The rate of obesity and overweight in children and adults in Greece is high compared to other EU countries causing many health, social and economic problems. Climate change is foreseen to have severe and harmful impacts in Greece as well as in other Mediterranean countries altering the climate conditions. Obesity and its treatment mitigate climate change, mainly due to the change in the dietary pattern of the treated patients. The proposed diets for managing obesity, based on Mediterranean dietary patterns, have less GHG emissions and lower climate footprint. Climate change makes more difficult the treatment of obesity, mainly due to the rising temperatures. Climate change has undesired and harmful impacts on obesity treatment in Greece while obesity treatment results in the mitigation of climate change in the country. Future policies for climate change mitigation and managing obesity in Greece should take into account their mutual interconnections and interlinkages in order to maximize their effectiveness in treating these two severe pandemics in the country.

The Study on Exercise as a Boost for the Health Promotion of the Elderly in Selected Urban Area in Porur

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Aim: the present study aims to exercise as a boost for the health promotion of the elderly in selected area in pour.

Methods and Materials: A quasi experimental research design was used for this present study. Total 60samples were collected using non probability sampling technique. The demographic variable and pre posttest level of health status elderly was assessed using structured questionaries’ and, followed by that data was gathered and analyzed. descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: the results the study shows significant association with health of elderly in posttest p<0.01.

Conclusion: The study concludes that there was a relationship between the effect of exercise on elderly to accomplish to improve the health of elderly.

The Influence of Mother’s Parenting Patterns on Stunting Incidence in Children Aged 0-23 Months in Gorontalo District

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Parenting is one of the factors that are closely related to the growth and development of children, including several things, namely food, which is a source of nutrition, vaccination, exclusive breastfeeding, treatment when sick, and environmental cleanliness and clothing. This study aimed to determine the effect of maternal care patterns for stunting in children aged 0-23 months in the Gorontalo District. This type of descriptive-analytical research has a population of 1614 mothers under two and a sample of 188 mothers under two. The research results obtained were the effect of parenting style on the Incidence of stunting in children aged 0-23 months (p value=0.022) parenting health and sanitation parenting patterns on the Incidence of stunting in children aged 0-23 months (p-value = 0.000). The most influential factor is the factor of healthy parenting (p-value = 0.001). The conclusion from this study is that there is an influence of the mother’s parenting style on the Incidence of stunting in children aged 0-23 months in Gorontalo Regency, with the most dominant influencing factor, namely health parenting factors. Future researchers are expected to be able to conduct further research on stunting outside of other variables besides maternal parenting.

Improving Care in Accident and Emergency Departments in Pakistan

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Introduction: Emergency departments (EDs) are perceived as 24/7 portals where a rapid and efficient diagnosis, urgent attention, primary care, and inpatient admission is provided for stabilizing seriously ill and wounded patients.

Objectives: The main objective of the study is to analysed the improving care in accident and emergency departments.

Material and methods: This analytical study was conducted in DHQ hospital, Sahiwal during 2020 to 2021. For this 5 hospitals were selected for the determination of improving care in accident and EDs. All hospitals were visited one by one and collect the data for the determination of mode of clinics and improving care. Number of patients and number of doctors were also counted. Results: Analysis of results was performed by comparing the data of hospitals with international standards. Patient case notes were checked for compliance with RCP 12 point generic medical record keeping standards on 5 point scale to stratify the level of compliance. Hospitals where case notes fulfilled all the 12 standards were placed at point 5. EDs safety scores were measured on 4 point scale and different hospitals were categorized according to grades A, B, C, D and F.

Conclusion: It is concluded that the emergency service would be provided largely by doctors in middle grade or career grade posts supported by nurse practitioners, general practitioners, and senior house officers working under much closer supervision than at present.

Role of Aminotransferase in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia with carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin action.

Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the role of aminotransferase in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology of the study: This cross sectional study was conducted in BVH, Bahawalpur during 2021. The data was collected from 100 patients of both genders. Patients whose fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dl on 2 occasion were included in the study. Patients with any concomitant diseases which can alter liver function and patient with hepatitis, alcoholic and taking any medicine were excluded from the study.

Results: The data was collected from 100 patients with a mean age of 53.72 ± 9.82 years old and mean duration of disease of 7.41 ± 6.01 years were included in the final analysis. There were no significant difference in the levels of Fas, AST, Cl, K, Ca, BUN, creatinine and uric acid in type II diabetics compared to the non-diabetic healthy control group.

Conclusion: Serum alanine aminotransferases are frequently high in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there was no association with gender, body mass index, or duration of diabetes.

Assessment of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Autistic Individuals by Measuring Plasma Lactate Levels

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Introduction: Autistic disorder, Asperger syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified comprise a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). ASDs are behaviorally defined by impairments in communication and social interaction along with restrictive and repetitive behaviors.

Objectives of the study: The main objectives of the study will determine the mitochondrial dysfunction in autistic individuals by measuring plasma lactate levels.

Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in DHQ Hospital Sahiwal. This study will include 200 children aged 7 to 9 years. Randomly selected sampling technique will be used for the data collection. For the purpose of analysis of mitochondrial dysfunctionality we will collect the blood samples of each individual.

Results: The data was collected from 200 children. In this study, blood ammonia, serum lactate, AST, ALT and CK level were higher in 29(90%), 18(80%), 23 (30%), 20(20%) and 14 (40%) subjects of study group.

Conclusion: It is concluded that mitochondrial dysfunction occur in children with autism spectrum disorder children

A Cross Sectional Study on Choice of Psychology as a Profession amongst Medical and Dental Graduates

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Introduction: Mental health is an ignored subject in the field of medicine and in the area of public health, and less 1% health budget is spent on mental health problems in developing countries.

Aims and objectives: The basic aim of the study is to analyse the choice of psychiatry as a profession amongst medical graduates in Pakistan.

Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore during 2019 to 2020. The data was collected through systematically designed questionnaire which include all the demographic data and history of selected participants. We also included additional scales to measure personality and stigma towards mental illnesses. The data was collected from 3rd year, 4th year, final year medical students and from house officers.

Results: The data was collected from 700 students and house officers. There were 450 males and 250 female participants.  However a significantly higher proportion of participants (22%, n=197) were reporting their interest in the field of Psychiatry who had done more than a month long psychiatry ward rotation as compare to those participants (14%, n=54) with less than a month rotations (P-value=0.01).

Conclusion: It is concluded that current age of understudies have a more noteworthy attention to the potential for recuperation from serious mental sickness, so the animating openness to intense work is more compelling.

Stakeholders Recovery Strategy of Bali Tourism Sector in the Post-Pandemic New Normal Era

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This investigation was driven in Bali Tourism Destination and organized using a relative and corroborative examination study. The exploration instrument is taken from the public authority report which manages wellbeing convention for the travel industry area and afterward contrasted and the fact of the Bali Tourism Destination. The pointer utilized in this examination is the application (CHSE) Clean, Health, Safety, and Environment in the business’ convenience, eatery, and vacation spot, and furthermore clarifies wellbeing conventions that apply to the travel industry ventures in Bali Tourism Destination. E-tourism has a critical occupation as a platform between the movement business creators and likely tourists. It made in Indonesia as of now has not tended to the main piece of giving information and sureness to tourists when they choose to visit a travel industry objective. The objections, lodgings, and all related areas should manage the execution of The Indicator of Clean, Health, Safety, Environment (CHSE) principles on their business activities. This investigation utilizes just a work area research strategy with information and data search methods on the web, auxiliary sources, and different wellsprings of logical distributions.