Articles

Challenges of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Children in Coastal Areas: A Literature Review on Prevalence and Risk Factors

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Background: Intestinal Parasitic Infections (IPIs), particularly soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), remain a significant burden for children in low-and middle-income countries. Coastal ecosystems that characterized by sandy soil, high water tables, and tidal flooding, present unique ecological determinants that create transmission pathways distinct from inland settings.

Methods: This review synthesizes data from over 50 studies (2000–2025), specifically focusing on coastal settlements, fishermen villages, and tidal flood-prone areas across Indonesia and Southeast Asia.

Results: Findings indicate that coastal children face elevated risks, with STH prevalence in Indonesian hotspots reaching 30%–70%. While Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides dominate due to humidity, sandy terrains specifically favor the persistence of hookworms and Strongyloides. Crucially, high water tables and tidal inundation render conventional sanitation (pit latrines/septic tanks) ineffective, causing direct fecal contamination of the environment.

Conclusion: Standard terrestrial sanitation is maladapted to coastal hydrological contexts. Mitigation requires the deployment of amphibious infrastructure, such as the Tripikon-S system and elevated latrines, combined with targeted behavioral change communication to disrupt littoral transmission cycles.

Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Vandiyur Lake: An Ecological and Chemical Analysis

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This study investigates the environmental and ecological health of Vandiyur Lake in Madurai City, Tamil Nadu, India. GIS mapping reveals the lake’s proximity to residential and commercial areas, contributing to pollution from various sources, including domestic, hospital, and industrial sewage. Chemical analysis shows alterations in the lake’s pH, dissolved oxygen, CO2, and phosphate levels. The lake also suffers from the overgrowth of the invasive species Eichhornia crassipes. Despite these challenges, the lake serves as a crucial source of groundwater and supports local fishing activities. The study underscores the urgent need for sustainable management practices to preserve this vital ecosystem.This study investigates the environmental and ecological health of Vandiyur Lake in Madurai City, Tamil Nadu, India. GIS mapping reveals the lake’s proximity to residential and commercial areas, contributing to pollution from various sources, including domestic, hospital, and industrial sewage. Chemical analysis shows alterations in the lake’s pH, dissolved oxygen, CO2, and phosphate levels. The lake also suffers from the overgrowth of the invasive species Eichhornia crassipes. Despite these challenges, the lake serves as a crucial source of groundwater and supports local fishing activities. The study underscores the urgent need for sustainable management practices to preserve this vital ecosystem.

Implementation Household Solid Waste Management (HSWM) During The COVID-19 Pandemic

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The existence of garbage that grows every day is very concerning. In addition, environmental impacts also vary, such as environmental pollution and the effect of waste on health. Second, the need for an appropriate and systematic waste management system can reduce the generation of existing debris. Therefore, management reduces the amount of waste processed for final disposal. The research design used in this study is descriptive qualitative to explore and describe the social situation in waste management. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations, and document reviews. In this study, data triangulation from sources and techniques was carried out. The data analysis is carried out by collecting data obtained from informants, making transcripts of interviews, creating matrices, and conducting interpretations. The results of this study found that waste management in the housing and collection process still does not meet existing regulations, such as shelters and Temporary Disposal Sites (TPS) that have not met the requirements, then in the final disposal process at the Bantargebang landfill there is still minimal waste management so that it still uses an open dumping system.