Abstract :

This is an ex-post facto research that investigated the OCPs content of Oyese wetlands. The study answered 4 research questions and tested a hypothesis. To achieve these objectives, Oyese wetland was mapped out into 5 research cells and from each of the research cells, water samples were collected from 10 spots bulked and composites drawn and stored in ice cooled boxes for analysis. The analytical standards adopted were CEAM and ASTM and the instrument deployed for determination of the OCPs was Agilent GC 7890A and Agilent GC 8081. The mean results obtained are; DDT 1.65 µg/l, DDD; 1.72 µg/l; DDE 1.36 µg/l, endrin; 1.72 µg/l and diedrin 0.87 µg/l. The result of the OCPs investigated were subjected to test of significance with ANOVA using SPSS model 21 at 0.05. The p-value is 0.41 thus rejecting Ho. The study recommends that cage aquaculture should not be implemented in Oyese wetland, the pollution source should be identified and plugged, decontamination and remediation should be mandated, this will allow for the deployment of cage aquaculture for pollution free fish product for the produce to meet local and international consumer standards.

---

Keywords :

Cage Aquaculture, Organochlorine Pesticides, Pollution, Remediation¬

---

References :

1. Abdulwaheed, H. (2012). Sampling and Samples treatment in Hydrobiology. Lagos: Ozama Publishers Ltd.
2. Adegbite, R. O. (2015). Youths aquaculture and Nigeria unemployment problem. Sahel Journal of Agriculture 10(4), 21-25.
3. Adegoke, M. C. A. (2015). Pollution status of Ogun River Kara. Pollution and Control 25(3), 128-133.
4. Adewale, S. S. (2018). Technical and vocational education, a vehicle for youths empowerment in Nigeria. A key note address technical and vocational education teachers association (TVE) Annual National Conference, Makurdi
5. Adeyanju, M. C. (2020). Cage aquaculture adoption in the south west Nigeria. Asian Journal of Agriculture 7(3), 9-15.
6. Afolabi, T. A. (2018). Pollution chemistry of Olomoge Lagosn badagry, Lagos. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria 8(4), 90-95.
7. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) (2012). Effects of organochlorine pesticides on human health. A ATSDR Bulletin, Atlanta Georgia, USA.
8. Akpati, A. C. & Ojobo, C. D. (2015). Oganochlorine pesticides contamination of Ase Creek Beneku Ndokwa East Delta Nigeria. Asia Journal of Pollution Management 17(4), 200-218.
9. Asugu, J. P. & Udeme, M. T. (2015). Organochlorine pesticides speciation of Njaaba River Imo State Nigeria. Journal of Environment and Health 20(4), 98-105.
10. Atshana D. & Atshana, S. (2013). Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of toxicant. News Delshi: Gogi Publishers Ltd.
11. Benson, A. A. (2018). Definition, meaning and synonyms –vocabulary https://wwwvocabulary.com retrieved May, 2022.
12. Biobaku,, C. (2019). Wetland chemistry of Iba wetland Lagos. Journal of Environmetnal Management 6(3), 80-86.
13. Codex Alimentarius Commission (1963). Guidelines on quality for export of annual products. A WHO Publication, Geneva Switzerland.
14. Duruoma, L. C. (2019). Determination of the pesticides contents of Oguta Lake Imo State. Pollution Control 22(3), 123-129.
15. Eromosele, N. O. (2021). Youths unemployment and cage aquaculture. https://www.youthscageaquculture.com. Retrieved June, 2022.
16. European Union Regulation 1818 (2006). Maximum limits of organochlorine pesticides in water. An EU Publication
17. Harry, P. C. (20111) regig: Definition, usage. Retrieved https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionary.com
18. Hassan, A. T. & Ogundipe, J. O. (2015). Organochlorine pesticides status of Asa River Kwara State. Environment and Toxicity 16(2), 205-211.
19. Ibrahim, B. (2013, 14 March). Youths employment crisis and vocational education. Vanguard, p. 45.
20. Ibrahim, S. S. & Kassim, N. C. (2020). Assessment of the pesticides pollution status of Gamji River, Bombe. Journal of Marine Toxicology 18(3), 302-308.
21. International Labour Organisation (ILO) (2019). Youths unemployment in Nigeria Sub-Saharan Africa. ILO Publication, Geneva Switzerland
22. Jones, S. C. (2018). Regig definition and meaning https://www.merriam.webster.com retrieved June, 2022.
23. Lam, S. A. & Lember, J. C. (2020). Pollution chemistry of Tchada River, Benue State Nigeria. Elsevier 177, 166-172.
24. maximillian, A. U. (2020). Regig https://www.en.wikitionary.org.wiki
25. National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) (2021). Youths unemployment rate in Nigeria. NBS publication, Abuja.
26. Odinkalu, C. P. (2018). Vocational and technical education and raining; a sure way for youths empowerment and job creation in Nigeria. https://www.tvetandjobinnigeria.com.
27. Ofetoda, S. C. & Ajala, P. (2016). Organochlorine pesticides content of Olomoge lagoon. Chemosphere 166, 177-184.
28. Ogidigba, S. N. (2020, 16 April). Nigeria youths should be involved in skills acquisition. Guardian news, p. 53.
29. Ogwu, C. & Ebireketa, E. E. (2021). Assessing the organochlorine pesticide loading of Okumesi River Ebedei Uno for cage aquaculture in school: a tool for lifelong learning in Nigeria. Research in Applied Natural and Social Science 9(6), 9-18.
30. Ogwu, C. & Ifeanyi O. V. (2021). Organochlorine pesticides characterisation of Owese wetlands Utagba-Ogbe fo cage aquaculture in schools: a tool for sustainable development in Nigeria. 10(1), 111-120.
31. Ogwu, C. & Okonji, A. O. (2021). Organochlorine pesticide content determination of Atuh wetland Ugiliamai for pen aquaculture in schools: a tool for revolution education in Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering Science Invention 10(3), 47-52.
32. Ogwu, C. (2020). Quantification of organochlorine pesticides content of Okumesi River Ebedei Uno Delta for cage aquaculture in schools: a pathway for youths empowerment and poverty eradication in Nigeria. International Research Journal of Curruculum and Pedagogy 6(2), 133-139.
33. Ogwu, C., Ehieguren, E. A. & Obue, A. (2022). Organochlorine pesticides quantification of Otorgor wetland Ughelli Delta State for secondary schools cage aquaculture for hunger eradication in Nigeria. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 5(3), 870-877.
34. Ogwu, C., Ejeba, J. E. & Utagah, O. (2022). Organochlorine pesticides characterisation of Emede wetland Isoko south Delta for pen aquaculture in secondary schools as emerging trend in vocational and technical education in 21st century Nigeria. International Journal of current Science Research and Review 5(6), 1902-1907.
35. Ogwu, C., Okeke, M. and Okoje, A. O. (2021). Organochlorine pesticides analysis of Abam wetland for pen aquaculture in schools: A recipe for retooling education in Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Science and Research 4(2), 108-113.
36. Ojimadu, J. P. (2019. Sampling in Marine Sciences. Nigerian Institute of Oceanography and Marine Research, Lagos a memograph
37. Ojobor, A. P. (2019, 17 June). Technical and vocational education in Nigeria and youths empowerment. Vanugard news p. 51.
38. Okonkwo, M. & Nwafor, P. C. (2015). Chemical pollution status of Omambala River Anambra. Journal of Toxicology 12(3), 412-418.
39. Okpako, C. (2020). Emphasis on scholarship the bone of Nigeria. https://www.youthsemployment.com
40. Osun, S. (2019, 4 January). Solve youths unemployment witth skills in aquaculture. Vanguard News, p. 42.
41. Osuqo, A. N. (2019). Youths aquaculture in the south east: assessing cage aquaculture adoption in the south east Nigeria. Journal of Extension Agriculture 5(3), 91-96.
42. Rapheal, S. (2018). https://www.collinsdictionary.com
43. Samson, A. (2016). Regigging defined. https://www.dictionarycambridge.org/regigging. Retrieved May, 2022.
44. Sanders, C. C. (2019). https://www.lexicom.com/definition
45. Shaibu, D. (2019). Vocational education and economic growth in Nigeria. Journal of Vocational Education 10(3), 21-28.
46. Shaw, J. (2018). Regig meaning. https://www.macmilliandictionary.com
47. Spencer, M. (2017). Regig https:www.deceonline.com regig. Retrieved June 2022.
48. Terry, M. (2017). Regig definition and meaning https://www.dictionary.com retrieved May, 2022.
49. Tondo, F. C. (2019, 6 May) Solve youths employment crises with skills in vocational and technical education. Punch News p. 50.
50. Tondo, L. C. (2018). Water Chemistry of Katsina Ala River Benue State, Nigeria. Asia Jouranl of Environmental Management.
51. United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (2012). Health effects of organochlorine. A USEPA Bulletin, Washington DC, USA.
52. World Bank (2021). Youths unemployment in Nigeria. World Bank Publication Washington DC, United of America.
53. World Fish Centre (2018). Fish and global economy. World Fish Centre, Panang, Malaysia.
54. World Health Organisation (2015). Health effects of organochlorine. A WHO Bulletin Geneva Switzerland.
55. Zulum, A. (2021). Youths should venture into aquaculture for empowerment. An address Bornu State Ministry of Agriculture, Maiduguri, Nigeria.