Abstract :

Due to the re-emergence of infectious diseases, the causative pathogenic microorganisms are becoming the major microbiologic public health threat. It seems to be difficult to control the emergence of new and severe bacterial diseases. However, efforts are continuously being made to identify the main cause to prevent the uncontrolled spread of emerging diseases. This review focuses on emerging bacterial diseases and their causative bacteria and the pathway of pathogenesis.

---

Keywords :

Infectious Diseases, Pathogenesis, Pathogens, Public Health Threat

---

References :

1. Klaus Heuner, Wolfgang Eisenreich, 2016, Crosstalk between Metabolism and Virulence of Legionella pneumophila, Host – Pathogen Interaction, pp. 19-36. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527682386.ch2.
2. Harriet Whiley, Steven Giglio, Richard Bentham, 2015, Opportunistic Pathogens Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) and Legionella spp. Colonise Model Shower, Pathogens, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 590-598. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.18130/v3726f

3. Jennifer Bartell, Comparative Systems Analysis of Opportunistic Gram-Negative Pathogens. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.18130/v3726f

4. Kyle J. Szwetkowski, Joseph O. Falkinham, 2020, Methylobacterium spp. as Emerging Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens, Pathogens, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 149. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9020149
5. Schmidt, Schubert, Demir, Lehrnbecher, 2019, Distinct Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs on the Anti-Aspergillus Activity of Human Natural Killer Cells, Pathogens, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 246. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8040246

6. Omoshola Aleru, Matthew F. Barber, 2020, Battlefronts of evolutionary conflict between bacteria and animal hosts, PLOS Pathogens, vol. 16, no. 9, pp. e1008797.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008797
7. Jennifer Bartell, Comparative Systems Analysis of Opportunistic Gram-Negative Pathogens. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.18130/v3726f

8. Ivana Gobin, 2020, Opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens: a new challenge in the hospital. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.26226/morressier.5f3641d798fd876311f7b3ab

9. Shane M. Ceraul, 2014, Transmission and the Determinants of Transmission Efficiency, Intracellular Pathogens II, pp. 391-415.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555817336.ch13
10. José Luis Martínez, 2014, Evolution of Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens, Evolutionary Biology of Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens, pp. 85-91. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555815639.ch9
11. Claire Jenkins, 2018, Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, Escherichia coli, a Versatile Pathogen, pp. 27-50. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2018_105
12. A. Haasdijk, J. van Ingen, 2018, Escherichia hermannii as the sole pathogen in urosepsis: case report, New Microbes and New Infections, vol. 21, pp. 100-101. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2017.11.005
13. Delia Grace, Alexandra Fetsch, 2018, Staphylococcus aureus —A Foodborne Pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, pp. 3-10.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809671-0.00001-2
14. Esther Robinson, 2020, Haemophilus influenzae, Oxford Textbook of Medicine, pp. 1066-1070. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0117
15. McClure, 2005, Escherichia coli : virulence, stress response and resistance, Understanding Pathogen Behaviour, pp. 240-278.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845690229.2.240
16. Christoph Schoen, 2016, Impact of an intergenic sequence element and the stringent response on ex vivo virulence in the commensal pathogen Neisseria meningitidis. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.26226/morressier.572768e5d462b8029237f591

17. Florian Tagini, Trestan Pillonel, Antony Croxatto, Claire Bertelli, Angela Koutsokera, Alban Lovis, Gilbert Greub, 2018, Distinct Genomic Features Characterize Two Clades of Corynebacterium diphtheriae: Proposal of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Subsp. diphtheriae Subsp. nov. and Corynebacterium diphtheriae Subsp. lausannense Subsp. nov., Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 9.Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01743
18. L. Smith, P.M. Fratamico, 2017, Escherichia coli as a Pathogen∗, Foodborne Diseases, pp. 189-208. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-385007-2.00007-3

19. Yael Yair, Uri Gophna, 2018, Pandemic Bacteremic Escherichia Coli Strains: Evolution and Emergence of Drug-Resistant Pathogens, Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, Escherichia coli, a Versatile Pathogen, pp. 163-180.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2018_109
20. Petros Ioannou, 2019, Escherichia hermannii Infections in Humans: A Systematic Review, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 17.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed4010017
21. Charles Thomas Parker, Dorothea Taylor, George M Garrity, 2003, Exemplar Abstract for Escherichia hermannii Brenner et al. 1983., The NamesforLife Abstracts.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/ex.19845
22. Sandra Grumelli, 2019, Host-Pathogen Interaction in the Lung of Patients Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa – An Armory Within.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84657
23. Jagdish Chander, Nidhi Singla, Neelam Kaistha, Neelam Gulati, 2010, Morganella morganii could be an important intensive care unit pathogen, Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 154-155.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-5229.74176
24. Randall G. Fisher, 2009, Morganella morganii, Feigin and Cherry’s Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, pp. 1545-1547.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4160-4044-6.50121-7
25. Shymaa Enany, 2017, Introductory Chapter: Clostridium difficile Infection Overview, Clostridium Difficile – A Comprehensive Overview.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69983
26. Shamba Gupta, G Marcela Rodriguez, 2018, Mycobacterial extracellular vesicles and host pathogen interactions, Pathogens and Disease, vol. 76, no. 4.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femspd/fty031
27. Sam-Shajing Sun, 2020, Pathogen Infection Recovery Probability (PIRP) Versus Proinflammatory Anti-Pathogen Species (PIAPS) Levels: Modelling and Therapeutic Strategies.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-17318/v1
28. Dward A. Horowitz, 2007, Diseases Caused by Nocardia Species, xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference, pp. 1-7.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008055232-3.60862-1
29. Héctor M. Alvarez, 2010, Central Metabolism of Species of the Genus Rhodococcus, Biology of Rhodococcus, Microbiology Monographs, pp. 91-108.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12937-7_4
30. Wonsuck Yoon, 2018, Salmonella and Biotechnology, Salmonella – A Re-emerging Pathogen. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.72181

31. Haihong Fang, 2018, Investigation of Biofilm Formation in Yersinia pestis, Springer Protocols Handbooks, Yersinia Pestis Protocols, pp. 203-212.Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7947-4_23
32. Chao Yang, Yujun Cui, 2018, Genome-Wide Variation Analysis of Yersinia pestis, Springer Protocols Handbooks, Yersinia Pestis Protocols, pp. 61-66. Available : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7947-4_6
33. Philip R. Adam, William D. Picking, 2016, Shigella and Shigellosis, Shigella: Molecular and Cellular Biology, pp. 7-26. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.21775/9781910190197.01