Abstract :

This study examined the effectiveness of Mathematical Problem-Solving Cooperative Learning (MPSCL) in enhancing the geometry problem-solving ability of santri in an Islamic boarding school, particularly on the topics of circle circumference and circle area. A quantitative approach was employed using a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The participants were 15 ninth-grade santri from MTs Darul Hikmah Mumbulsari, an Islamic junior secondary school, selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments consisted of a geometry problem-solving test, a santri response questionnaire, and observation sheets assessing learning implementation and santri activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, paired-samples t-test, N-gain analysis, and effect size analysis (Cohen’s d). The findings revealed a significant improvement in the geometry problem-solving ability of the santri following the implementation of MPSCL. The paired-samples t-test yielded a significance value of 0.000 (p < .05), indicating a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. The average N-gain scores were 0.466 for circle circumference and 0.552 for circle area, both categorized as moderate. Furthermore, Cohen’s d values of 2.541 and 4.445 indicated strong practical effects. The santri also demonstrated highly positive responses toward the learning process, while the implementation of learning activities and santri participation were categorized as very good. These findings suggest that MPSCL is an effective instructional approach for enhancing geometry problem-solving ability among santri and supporting meaningful mathematics learning in Islamic boarding school settings.

---

Keywords :

Cooperative Learning, Geometry Problem-Solving Ability, Islamic Boarding School, Mathematical Problem-Solving Cooperative Learning (MPSCL), Santri

---

References :

1. Annizar, A. M. (2026). Pengembangan Mathematical Problem-Solving Cooperative Learning berdasarkan Theory of Planned Behaviour untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah peserta didik (Disertasi doktor, Universitas Jember).
2. Annizar, A. M., Kurniati, D., Yudianto, E., & Susanto, S. (2025). Towards a comprehensive framework for complex problem-solving in mathematics: A development and validation study. TEM Journal, 14(3), 2860–2869. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM143-85
3. Arta, I. M., Japa, I. G. N., & Sudarma, I. K. (2020). Problem based learning berbantuan icebreaker berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika [Problem-based learning assisted by icebreakers and its effect on students’ mathematical problem-solving ability]. Mimbar PGSD Undiksha, 8(2), 264–273.
4. Ayari, M. A., Sellami, A., Santhosh, M. E., Naji, K. K., Al-Ali, A., & Al-Hazbi, S. M. A. (2025). From problems to performance: A systematic review of problem-based learning in K–12 mathematics. Frontiers in Education, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1731307
5. Ceballos, H., van den Bogaart, T., van Ginkel, S., Spandaw, J., & Drijvers, P. (2026). How collaborative problem solving promotes higher-order thinking skills: A systematic review of design features and processes. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 59, 102001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2025.102001
6. (2021). Mengembangkan kemampuan dasar matematika santri berdasarkan NCTM melalui tugas terstruktur dengan menggunakan ICT [Developing students’ basic mathematical abilities based on NCTM through structured tasks using ICT]. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 22(1), 63–80.
7. Hanan, M. P., & Alim, J. A. (2023). Analisis kesulitan belajar matematika santri kelas VI sekolah dasar pada materi geometri [Analysis of elementary school students’ mathematics learning difficulties in geometry topics]. AL-IRSYAD: Journal of Mathematics Education, 2(2), 59–66.
8. Klang, N., Karlsson, N., Kilborn, W., Eriksson, P., & Karlberg, M. (2021). Mathematical problem-solving through cooperative learning—The importance of peer acceptance and friendships. Frontiers in Education, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.710296
9. Miranda, A., & Saliceto, L. (2024). Back and forth between Euclidean geometry and Taxicab geometry to foster students’ theoretical thinking in digital contexts. International Journal for Technology in Mathematics Education, 31(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.1564/tme_v31.2.06
10. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
11. Novainda, D., & Turmudi. (2021). Analisis hambatan belajar (learning obstacles) dalam pembelajaran geometri: Literatur review [Analysis of learning obstacles in geometry learning: A literature review]. Jurnal Gantang, 6(2), 133–139.
12. (2023). PISA 2022 results (Volume I): The state of learning and equity in education. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en
13. Piaget, J. (1970). Science of education and the psychology of the child. Viking Press.
14. Slavin, R. E. (2015). Cooperative learning: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed.). Allyn & Bacon.
15. Supriadi, N., Jamaluddin Z, W., & Suherman, S. (2024). The role of learning anxiety and mathematical reasoning as predictor of promoting learning motivation: The mediating role of mathematical problem solving. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 52, 101497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2024.101497
16. Susino, S. A., Destiniar, & Sari, E. F. P. (2024). Pengaruh model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis santri kelas X SMA [The effect of problem-based learning (PBL) model on students’ mathematical problem-solving ability in Grade X senior high school]. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Komputer, 8(1), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.47709/jpsk.v2i02.1792
17. Talkhan, E., Alhubaidah, S., Muthanna, A., & Qadhi, S. (2025). The effect of cooperative learning toward mathematics achievement of primary students: A systematic review using meta-analysis. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12, 102247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102247
18. Utami, W. B., Setyosari, P., Sa’dijah, C., & Praherdhiono, H. (2025). Analysis of factors that influence student engagement in mathematics learning. Perspectives of Science and Education, 74(2), 257–269. https://doi.org/10.32744/pse.2025.2.17
19. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
20. Wakjira, G. T., Ayele, M. A., & Birhanu, Z. K. (2026). Effect of the integrated cooperative problem solving and multiple representations approach on mathematical problem solving skills. Discover Education, 5(1), 195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-01353-9