Abstract :

This study aims to analyze the influence of Work Experience (X1) and Job Performance (X2) on Career Development (Y), with Career Training (Z) as a mediating variable, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Timor-Leste in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach and a census method (saturated sampling) involving 62 employees, data were analyzed using Path Analysis (Partial Least Squares) based on Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory. The results demonstrate that Work Experience (X1) has a significant positive effect on Career Development (Y), whereas Job Performance (X2) does not show a direct significant impact on Career Development (Y). Furthermore, while Career Training (Z) does not significantly mediate the relationship between Work Experience (X1) and Career Development (Y), it serves as a crucial mediating variable between Job Performance (X2) and Career Development (Y). These findings suggest that while practical experience naturally fosters career growth, high job performance requires structured training programs to effectively translate into professional advancement. Therefore, the organization should focus on enhancing training initiatives to bridge the gap between employee performance and career progression.

---

Keywords :

Career Development, Career Training, Job performance, Work Experience

---

References :

1. Adnyani, N. L. P. R., & Dewi, A. A. S. K. (2019). Pengaruh Pengalaman Kerja, Prestasi Kerja Dan Pelatihan Terhadap Pengembangan Karier Karyawan. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 8(7), 4073. https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2019.v08.i07.p03
2. Aguinis, H., & Kraiger, K. (n.d.). Benefits of training and development for individuals and teams, organizations, and society. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 451–474.
3. Deserranno, E., Kastrau, P., & León-Ciliotta, G. (2025). Promotions and Productivity: The Role of Meritocracy and Pay Progression in the Public Sector. American Economic Review: Insights, 7(1), 71–89. https://doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20230594
4. Foster, B. (2012). Manajemen sumber daya manusia. Alfabeta.
5. Giroux, C.-R. (1960). The Motivation to work, by F. Herzberg, B. Mausner and B.-C. Snyderman, John Wiley & Sons, New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1959. Relations industrielles, 15(2), 275. https://doi.org/10.7202/1022040ar
6. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. H., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
7. Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
8. Hassan, S., Wright, B. E., & Yukl, G. (n.d.). Does ethical leadership matter in public organizations? Public Administration Review, 81(4), 629–640.
9. Kim, T., & Holzer, M. (2016). Public Employees and Performance Appraisal: A Study of Antecedents to Employees’ Perception of the Process. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 36(1), 31–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X14549673
10. Mangkunegara, A. A. A. P. (2000). Manajemen sumber daya manusia perusahaan. Remaja Rosdakarya.
11. Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros e Cooperação, M. (2025). Profil dan Kebijakan Luar Negeri Timor-Leste. https://mnec.gov.tl/.
12. Ng, T. W. H., & Feldman, D. C. (2008). The relationship of age to ten dimensions of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 392–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.392
13. Noe, R. A. (2010a). Employee training and development (5. ed., internat. ed). McGraw-Hill.
14. Noe, R. A. (2010b). Employee Training and Development. McGraw-Hill.
15. Okumus, B., & Bilgihan, A. (2024). Experiential marketing in restaurants: The role of sensory, affective, and cognitive experiences on revisit intention. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 33(2), 201–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2023.2289456
16. Ritz, A., Vandenabeele, W., & Vogel, D. (2021). Public Service Motivation and Individual Job Performance. In P. Leisink, L. B. Andersen, G. A. Brewer, C. B. Jacobsen, E. Knies, & W. Vandenabeele (Eds.), Managing for Public Service Performance (1st ed., pp. 254–277). Oxford University PressOxford. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192893420.003.0014

17. Rivai, V. (2018). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia untuk Perusahaan. Raja Grafindo Persada.
18. Sugiyono, S. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
19. (2021). Strategic Capacity Building in Timor-Leste: A Report on Human Development.
20. Van Der Heijden, B., De Vos, A., Akkermans, J., Spurk, D., Semeijn, J., Van Der Velde, M., & Fugate, M. (2020). Sustainable careers across the lifespan: Moving the field forward. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 117, 103344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103344