Abstract :

Excavators are one of the most widely used types of heavy equipment due to their ability to operate in tight spaces with high efficiency. One crucial component in supporting excavator performance is the hydraulic system, which functions to move main parts such as the boom, arm, and bucket through fluid pressure. Disruptions in this system can reduce productivity and trigger damage to other components. This study aims to evaluate whether the hydraulic system on the Caterpillar 305.5E2 Excavator unit works optimally and according to technical specifications. Testing was carried out through two main methods, namely pressure tests and operational tests, with the help of pressure gauges and stopwatches. The test results showed that all main functions of the boom, stick, bucket, blade, swing, and travel can operate properly without symptoms of damage or delayed response. Although the hydraulic system may still be operationally functioning normally, there may be indications of internal damage or improper pressure adjustments, which could affect the unit’s long-term performance. Therefore, further technical evaluation is required as part of a preventive maintenance program.

---

Keywords :

Control Valve, Hydraulic Excavator, Performance Test., Pressure Test

---

References :

1. Wibowo, H., “Performance Analysis of Main Control Valve on Excavator Unit Ex 2500-5, (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Gadjah Mada), 2015
2. An, N. Sepehri, “Hydraulic actuator circuit fault detection using extended Kalman filter, in: Proceedings of the 2003 American Control Conference, v. 5, pp. 4261–4266, 2003.
3. Jocanović, , Šević, D., Karanović, V., Beker, I., & Dudić, S., “Increased efficiency of hydraulic systems through reliability theory and monitoring of system operating parameters. Strojniški vestnik-Journal of Mechanical Engineering, v. 58, n. 4, pp. 281-288, 2012.
4. Ng, , Harding, J. A., & Glass, J., “Improving hydraulic excavator performance through in line hydraulic oil contamination monitoring. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, v. 83, pp. 176-193, 2017.
5. Macián, B. Tormos, P. Olmeda, L. Montoro., “Analytical Approach To Wear Rate Determination For Internal Combustion Engine Condition Monitoring Based On Oil Analysis, Tribology International, v.36, n. 10, pp. 771-776, Oct. 2003
6. Salu, S., “Maximum Pressure Analysis on the Hydraulic Pump of Excavator Type PC 200-8. Journal of Energy, Materials, & Manufacturing Technology, v. 1, n. 01, pp. 18-21, 2022
7. Ekaputra, I. M. W., Haryadi, G. D., Dewa, R. T., & Purwadi, P. K.,“The Reliability Assessment of Crucial Components in Hydraulic Axial Pump by Two-Parameters Weibull,Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin, v.12, n.3, pp. 605-612, 2021.
8. Halim, , Don, F. S., Mangkona, M., Cante, B., & Adrianasyah, A.,“ Damage Analysis and Handling of Hoses on the Hydraulic System of the Caterpillar 777D Off-Highway Truck, MEDIA PERSPEKTIF: Journal of Technology, v.15, n.1, pp.60- 66, 2023.
9. Ge, , Dong, Z., Huang, W., Quan, L., Yang, J., & Li, W., “Research on the performance of hydraulic excavator with pump and valve combined separate meter in and meter out circuits, In 2015 international conference on fluid power and mechatronics (FPM), pp. 37-41, IEEE, August. 2015
10. Liu, , Quan, L., & Ge, L., “Research on the performance of hydraulic excavator boom based pressure and flow accordance control with independent metering circuit. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, v. 231, n. 5, pp. 901-913, 2017
11. Iskandar, I., Ismy, A. , Sariyusda, S., Darmein, D., & Zaini, Z., “Analysis of Hydraulic Boom Cylinder Damage on Komatsu PC200-8 Excavator Using the FMEA Method, Jurnal Mesin Sains Terapan, v.5, n. 1, pp. 8-11, 2021
12. Nurjanah, A., Kusminah, I. L., & Rachmat, A. N., “Analysis of Determining Critical Components of Small Excavators Using FMEA Method and Pareto Diagram. Journal of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, v. 7, n. 1, pp. 7-15, 2023
13. Rustanto, R., Pratama, A. T., Febrianto, A., Syafutra, F. A., Septianugraha, W., & Walfitri, B. M.,“Peningkatan Ketersediaan Fisik Dan Waktu Rata-Rata Antara Kegagalan Unit Komatsu Pc2000-8 Pada PT. United Tractors, Tbk Dengan Metode FMEA,Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin, v.14, n.2, pp. 371-384, 2023
14. Liu, W., Zeng, Q., Wan,L., Liu, J., & Dai, H., “Reliability Importance Measures considering Performance and Costs of Mechanical Hydraulic System for Hydraulic Excavators. Journal of Sensors, v. 2022, pp. 1-13, 2022
15. Halim, Abdul, Ma’arif Fadli, and Mangkona “Hydraulic System Performance On The Caterpillar 320D2 Excavator Unit.” Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin 15, no. 2 (2024): 1165-1174.
16. Caterpillar Inc., 305.5E2 and 305E2 Hydraulic Excavators Main Hydraulic System, Service Information System 2.0, Illinois, 2014