Abstract :

This study investigates the socio-economic profile of dairy cattle farmers in the agropolitan area of Tulungagung Regency, focusing on smallholder dairy farming in a developing country context. The research aimed to explore key factors such as the age, education, income, and farming practices of dairy farmers and assess their implications for local livelihoods and rural development. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a descriptive survey design and purposive sampling to gather data from six villages in the agropolitan area. The findings revealed that dairy farming is a primary livelihood for the majority of farmers, with an average milk production of 44 liters per day. Most farmers have extensive farming experience, but they face challenges such as limited access to capital and fluctuating feed prices. The study emphasizes the importance of improving the socio-economic conditions of dairy farmers through better access to education, financial support, and sustainable farming practices. The results highlight the potential of dairy farming to contribute to local economic growth and poverty reduction in developing regions.

---

Keywords :

Developing countries, Food Production, Livestock Agribusiness, Rural Communities, Socio-economic Mapping

---

References :

1. Akzar, R., Umberger, W., & Peralta, A. 2023. Understanding heterogeneity in technology adoption among Indonesian smallholder dairy farmers. Agribusiness, 39(2), 347–370. doi:10.1002/agr.21782
2. Asikin, Z., Baker, D., Villano, R., & Daryanto, A. 2020. Business Models and Innovation in the Indonesian Smallholder Beef Value Chain. Sustainability, 12(17), 7020. doi:10.3390/su12177020
3. BPS Kabupaten Tulungagung. 2023. Hasil Pencacahan Lengkap Sensus Pertanian 2023 – Tahap I Kabupaten Tulungagung.
4. BPS Kabupaten Tulungagung. 2024. Tulungagung Regency in Figures (Vol. 41).
5. Bupati Tulungagung Provinsi Jawa Timur. 2023. Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Tulungagung Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Tahun 2023-2043.
6. Chazali, C. 2020. The intergenerational dimensions of land transfer among smallholder farm households in Indonesia. Retrieved from https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/51406/Chazali-Charina_MA_2018_19_SPD.pdf
7. Cleveland, W. S. 1994. The Elements of Graphing Data. AT&T Bell Laboratories. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.id/books?id=KMsZAQAAIAAJ
8. Como, A., Cuomo, A., & Perrotta, L. S. 2023. An Integrated Approach to Sub-Surface Water Pathways for the Sustainable Development of the Architectural Landscape of Agro-Urban Areas. Sustainability, 15(12), 9208. doi:10.3390/su15129208
9. Cortinhas, C. S., Fidelis, C. E., Sharma, N., & Santos, M. V. dos. 2023. The Association between Socioeconomic Profiles, Attitudes, and Knowledge of Dairy Farmers Regarding Somatic Cell Count and Milk Quality. Animals, 13(17), 2787. doi:10.3390/ani13172787
10. Creswell, J. W. 2014. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.id/books?id=4uB76IC_pOQC
11. Fanfani, D., Battisti, F., & Agosta, B. 2024. Assessing the Public Peri-Urban Agricultural Park as a Tool for the Sustainable Planning of Peri-Urban Areas: The Case Study of Prato. Sustainability, 16(18), 7946. doi:10.3390/su16187946
12. Feyissa, A. A., Senbeta, F., Tolera, A., & Guta, D. D. 2023. Unlocking the potential of smallholder dairy farm: Evidence from the central highland of Ethiopia. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 11, 100467. doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100467
13. Field, A. 2013. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Sage London.
14. Headey, D. 2023. Can dairy help solve the malnutrition crisis in developing countries? An economic analysis. Animal Frontiers, 13(1), 7–16. doi:10.1093/af/vfac083
15. Jovanović, J. Š., Vujadinović, R., Mitreva, E., Fragassa, C., & Vujović, A. 2020. The Relationship between E-Commerce and Firm Performance: The Mediating Role of Internet Sales Channels. Sustainability, 12(17), 6993. doi:10.3390/su12176993
16. Kline, P. 2015. A handbook of test construction (psychology revivals): introduction to psychometric design. Routledge.
17. Koutouzidou, G., Ragkos, A., & Melfou, K. 2022. Evolution of the Structure and Economic Management of the Dairy Cow Sector. Sustainability, 14(18), 11602. doi:10.3390/su141811602
18. Lawson, L. 2016. Agriculture: Sowing the city. Nature, 540(7634), 522–523. doi:10.1038/540522a
19. Nugroho, E., Ihle, R., Oosting, S. J., & Heijman, W. 2023. The role of forest extraction in the livelihood strategies of Indonesian smallholder cattle farmers. Outlook on Agriculture, 52(2), 153–162. doi:10.1177/00307270231161652
20. Patton, M. Q. 2002. Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Sage.
21. Purnawan, E., Brunori, G., & Prosperi, P. 2022. Small Family Farms, A Review in Indonesian Context. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 3(12), 2708–2725. doi:10.11594/ijmaber.03.12.23
22. Setianto, N. A., Cameron, D., & Gaughan, J. B. 2014. Identifying Archetypes of an Enhanced System Dynamics Causal Loop Diagram in Pursuit of Strategies to Improve Smallholder Beef Farming in Java, Indonesia. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 31(5), 642–654. doi:10.1002/sres.2312
23. Wahyono, N. D., Hasanah, N., Parmawati, R., & Wong, W.-K. 2023. Improving Economic Welfare through Capital Development: Case Study of Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Pujon District. Sustainability, 15(11), 8453. doi:10.3390/su15118453
24. Winarto, P. S., Fanani, Z., Nugroho, B. A., & Subagiyo, I. 2019. Household Profiles of Beef Cattle Livestock in the Area of Teak Forest, Bojonegoro, East Java. International Journal of Advanced Research, 7(12), 976–983. doi:10.21474/IJAR01/10241